The placer ore deposit of Ataeieh is located in south west of Mashhad and central Iranian microplate. The petrography and mineralography studies of VTM placer ore deposit, showed that the main ores in this area from high to low amounts are: magnetite, titanomagnetite, hematite and ilmenite. It revealed that the ultramafic and gabbros are the main source for opak minerals by mineralography Studies. The SEM-EDS, EPMA and XRM studies on the placer ore deposit and their origion presentaded remarkable results. The SEM investigation showed that, in the magma crystallization the solid soulution is formed between titanomagnetite and ilmenite at 800° C and then with the decreasing of temperature up to 600° C the ilmenite and magnetite exsolution lamella segreqates and separated from titanomagnetite phase either the ophiolite sequence is the source of this deposit. Titaniumand Vanadium enter to the ilmenite and titanomagnetite in gabbroic rocks whit continuing of magma crystallization. The EPMA analysis on gabbroic units showed that these rocks are origion for Ti and V for placer units.

This work investigates the electrochemical and aqueous tribological behavior of hot pressed 2205 duplex stainless steel (DSS). DSS sintered composites of different volume percentages (% vol) of partially stabilized zirconia (PSZ) were developed using powder metallurgy (PM) technique. Electrochemical behavior was studied at room temperature, using open circuit potential and potentiodynamic scanning in simulated mine water and 3.5% NaCl solution, while aqueous tribological test was carried out in simulated mine water. The influence of PSZ, Cr and Ni additions on the degradation mechanisms of corrosion and wear of the modified DSS was evaluated. X-Ray Microtomography (XRM) was used as experimental technique for defect analysis from the corrosion studies. The obtained results show the surface imaging capability of SEM and the internal structures imaging capability of XRM. SEM revealed important surface degradation mechanisms of the materials, while relevant information on the pitting corrosion was obtained from XRM. It was concluded that the pitting corrosion can be caused by the growth of intergranular corrosion resulting from the attack and the breakdown of passive films by chloride ions which affected both the surface and the internal parts of the samples.

Background & Aims: Escherichia albertii is a gram-negative and facultatively anaerobic bacterium that has been isolated as a causative agent of diarrhea in recent years. Due to the lack of sufficient information on the phenotypic and biochemical characteristics of this bacterium, it is difficult to distinguish it from other species of the Enterobacteriaceae, especially Escherichia coli pathotypes. So, the aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of E. albertii in the urine and stool samples of patients with urinary tract and gastrointestinal tract infection in Kermanshah hospitals using culture and molecular methods. Materials & Methods: Four hundred samples consisted of 200 urine and 200 stool samples confirmed as Enterobacteriaceae phenotypically were collected. After subculture and biochemical tests, finally white colonies on XRM-McConkey agar (suspected to be E. albertii) were selected and subjected to PCR using specific primer for cdt gene (Eacdt). SPSS version 16 software was used for the statistical analysis of the data, and the p-value less than 0. 05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Only 5 samples (1. 25%) were positive in the final culture on XRM-MacConkey agar. None of them were then confirmed as E. albertii by the PCR. Conclusion: According to the phenotypic isolation of this bacterium in present study and previous studies on the prevalence of it, it seems that the use of Eacdt specific primer is not efficient for the detection of this bacterium. However, further studies are recommended to confirm it.