Evaluating the cutting rate (CR) of stones is important in the cost estimation and the planning of the stone processing plants. This research used regression models to estimate the stones’ CR based on their physico-mechanical characteristics. Stone processing factories in Mahallat City (Markazi province, Iran) were visited, and the CR of diamond circular saws was recorded on six different travertine stones. Next, the stone block samples were collected from the quarries for laboratory tests. Stones’ porosity (n), uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), and Schmidt hammer hardness (SH) were determined in the laboratory as their physico-mechanical characteristics. Correlation relationships of CR with physico-mechanical characteristics were evaluated using simple and multiple regression analyses, and estimator models were developed. Results showed that multiple regression models are more reliable than simple regression for estimating the stones’ CR. The validity of the developed multiple regression models was verified with the published data of one researcher. The findings indicated that these models are accurate enough for estimating the CR of stones. Consequently, the multiple regression models provide practical advantages for estimating the CR and save time and cost during the planning and design of the stone processing factories.

The current research was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of training courses held for teachers based on the Kirkpatrick model. The research population is all the people who participated in the mentioned training courses and finally, 123 people who participated in the courses during 2013-2014 were selected as a sample through simple random sampling method. This research is descriptive in terms of data collection, practical in terms of purpose, and evaluation in terms of function. To collect information in the first level, the reaction level evaluation form was used, and in the second and third levels, a questionnaire was used to evaluate learning and behavior. One-sample t-test was used to analyze the obtained data. The findings of the research indicated that there was no optimal effectiveness in all four levels of reaction, learning, behavior and results, and the main reasons for this were the failure to conduct a needs assessment for the mentioned courses, and the lack of mastery of the professors of the courses. The content and method of teaching, lack of attention and correct criteria to attract the professors of the courses, lack of motivation in the teachers to participate effectively in the courses and attend only to receive certificates and degrees, and lack of attention to useful and practical content in the courses.

Considering the prominent role of principals in achieving the goals of organizations, especially school principals, it is very important to pay attention to and evaluate their performance. Therefore, the present study aims to provide a conceptual model for evaluating the performance of school principals. The research method is qualitative and meta-combined. Data collection was done by documentary method and by reviewing all scientific sources related to the subject of evaluating the performance of school principals (domestic 1380-1398 and foreign 1990-2011). To this end, in the last two decades, the keywords of evaluating and evaluating the performance of principals, duties of principals, performance standards of principals, characteristics and competencies of principals and professional competencies of principals (schools) in internal databases such as scientific database; SIDs, and external databases such as Google Scholar, Scopus, Emerald, Elsevier, Proquest Spinger Taylor, and Francis were examined with a complete review of 47 sources from 1123 primary sources, 8 main components, and 28 subcomponents as criteria for evaluating school principals' performance., Identified and classified. It is noteworthy that the findings of this study as a model after going through seven steps of meta-combination and screening of backgrounds and resources obtained, finally by examining 47 sources, the components of school principals' performance evaluation were obtained. Also, after analyzing the components into 28 components and 8 dimensions, which include "Educational Leadership", "Organizational Management", "Resource Management", "Communication Management", "Professional Management", "Ethical Management", "Students' Academic Achievement" And "Client Satisfaction" were categorized. Educational Leadership: Educational leadership is an effective process of guiding the talents and energy of teachers, students and parents in achieving common educational goals, whose role is to support, strengthen and help, and ultimately cooperate with members of the organization to improve and develop education in schools. In this study, educational leadership refers to a set of core responsibilities of school principals, namely guidance and leadership, teaching learning, vision definition, professional development, motivation, support, cultural education and improving the school climate. In the role of leadership, school principals direct the activities of staff or teachers and students in order to achieve the goals of the organization, and also teach and teach them, which is the most important task of school principals, to develop students and to develop the professional profession of teachers. . In order to achieve the goals of the organization, it draws a common vision that is clear to all members of the organization and creates a common understanding of it for teachers, staff and parents. In the motivating role, it recognizes and understands the needs, behavior and personality of students, teachers and staff and guides the behavior towards the desired behavior based on feelings of respect, value, positive self-concept, cognition, self-awareness, justice and understanding the talents and strengths of individuals. Also, in the role of support, it should be the source of solving the problem and opening the work knot of teachers, staff and students. In this sense, the principal is responsible for providing the necessary information, favorable contexts and opportunities to solve the problems of teachers and students, and in the role of educational and cultural affairs, the director cooperates with extracurricular activities that are outside the official programs related to educational and cultural issues. The principal works with a foster care teacher in the school with the aim of protecting the boundaries of belief and preserving the achievements and explaining the values of the country, as well as the development of students' social skills. The school atmosphere is a relatively stable quality of the school environment that is created through the relationship between principal and teachers, teachers and teachers, teachers and staff, teachers and students, or relationships between students, and is based on a collective perception of school behavior. Other schools are distinguished in terms of the effect that the school atmosphere has on the success and performance of the school should be given serious attention by school principals, and the principal in this role should seek to create a joker and effort and intimacy and camaraderie in the school. Organizational management: Organizational management refers to the general duties of principals in schools. In this model, the set of functions of managers, namely planning, organizing, coordinating, monitoring and controlling, decision-making, evaluation, implementation, their organizational management is considered. Planning is very important in management. This importance arises from the fact that effective planning affects the behavior of management and the organization in practice and deeply, and enables effective control of organizational activities. In order to be organized in the school, the principal must identify the activities necessary to achieve the goals and implement the programs, as well as group the activities according to material and human resources. And in coordination to create unity and unity between the activities of different units of the organization so that the goals of the organization are effectively achieved. Every purposeful collective activity requires supervision and control, the realities of organizational life require precise control of their activities. Organizations are subject to constant change and therefore their activities are becoming more complex day by day, the employees of the organization are human beings and their behavior is not free from error and mistake, and delegating authority to facilitate the work is inevitable. All of this points to the supervision and control of school principals and highlights its importance. Decision making as one of the important functions of management is at the forefront of all tasks and is present and influential in all other functions without exception. If we think that decision-making means choosing one of the various ways to solve a problem, we can not do any planning, organizing, monitoring and controlling without making a decision. No management and organization can achieve its ideals and goals without reviewing the results of its work and performance. Evaluation is one of the basic tasks of management that measures the achievement of goals by reviewing and researching the performance of individuals and the organization and provides the grounds for removing obstacles, modifying methods, improving forces and finally going through other stages of movement and growth in the organization. Once all the processes of management functions, including planning, organizing, coordinating, and decision-making, have been identified, it is time to implement and implement these decisions. Implement the rules of the country's education system properly in schools. Resource Management: Resource management means the management of human and financial affairs and material affairs. In human affairs, the principal deals with the administrative affairs of the students and school staff, and in financial affairs, he spends the school budget, allocates resources, saves expenses, etc., and in material affairs, he takes care of the school building and property. In the humanities, the principal is responsible for the admission, registration, grouping of students and maintenance of various statistics such as personal and academic records and information, as well as identifying the abilities and needs of students and teachers and their upbringing, as well as recruitment, employment, training and employment. Pays for their maintenance and so on. In the present study, the principal's finances mean the success rate of the principal in budgeting, resource allocation, cost savings, etc. in the school. And the purpose of material or physical affairs is to provide the necessary information in the field of educational materials and facilities, facilities, classroom equipment and forecasting future needs and facilities, etc. Communication Management: Communication management means the set of communication skills of managers' cooperation and partnership with teachers, parents and success in communicating effectively with students and communicating with outside communities. Professional management: Professional management means the ability of the principal in creativity and solving problems and problems of the school and providing appropriate solutions, receptive and demanding change and innovation in the school. Problem Solving In art management, finding ways to get from where you are to where you want to go is defined, although it is assumed that the manager does not already know how to get there. Creativity is one of the basic aspects in expanding the capabilities of knowledgeable human resources. Change in educational institutions always happens and creates opportunities for positive growth. In order for educational administrators to become real leaders, they must consider change and innovation as positive challenges for the improvement of their country's schools and educational districts, so according to this concept, one of the basic roles and responsibilities of administrators is change and innovation within the organization. In the technology component, a school principal must be able to apply new methods of information technology in performing professional and organizational tasks. Ethical management: Ethical management means a set of behavioral characteristics that lead to the observance of the common rights of colleagues and stakeholders and is manifested in issues such as justice and fairness, judgment, accountability and responsibility, etc. Fairness from the root half means equal distribution of resources, but justice from the root of justice seeks to allocate resources in an efficient, effective and principled manner and with maximum satisfaction for the parties. In this regard, a fair manager seeks to halve everything among his employees, while a fair manager seeks to find a way to best allocate resources between the proportion of efficiency and performance with the availability of resources. Now these resources can be financial resources, such as salaries, wages, or based on material and non-material rewards, the amount of attention paid to staff or training facilities. Accountability is a commitment to responsibility and is one of the basic and important characteristics of managers. Responsibility is a sense of duty and commitment on the part of management to meet the needs or interests of stakeholders. In other words, the performance of the entrusted tasks is well defined by the management in order to maintain and promote the welfare of the stakeholders and the goals of the organization. The term accountability refers to the concept of "answering". In other words, accountability is defined as taking on the results and consequences of actions and actions, if the needs and interests are not met, as well as measures to improve the situation. The rate of academic achievement and growth of students: In any education system, one of the important indicators for evaluating the performance of schools is the rate of academic achievement of students. In schools, the performance of school principals directly affects the performance of teachers and indirectly affects the academic achievement of students. Therefore, in any education system, one of the important indicators for evaluating the performance of schools is the academic achievement of students. Client Satisfaction: Satisfaction is a positive feeling that is created in stakeholders after receiving services, and this will happen if the principal at the school meets the expectations of his clients. The results showed that paying attention to the identified dimensions can help senior principals in accurately and comprehensively diagnosing the performance of school principals, and provide the basis for optimal decision-making, selection and correct selection.

Background: South Pars gas field is the world's largest gas field and the capital of energy in Iran. The oil and gas industry exerts potential effects on the health and culture of its surrounding community. The sustainability requirements of development projects include local participation, human sustainability and social sustainability. The present study was conducted to investigate health-associated challenges and their effective causes and solutions from the perspective of the residents of the camps and the staff of Pars Special Economic Energy Zone (PSEEZ) as stakeholders and participants in the development projects. Materials and Methods: The present qualitative study was conducted on a population comprising two groups, including the staff of the region’ s industry and the residents of camps. Purposive sampling was used to collect data using four methods, including library studies, holding group discussion sessions and surveying the staff, ethnographic observations and focus group discussion. The data were collected from the questions raised and content analysis was performed. Results: Inadequate living facilities and space, insufficient facilities for recreation and exercise, failing to comply with health standards and requirements, addition and psychological illnesses were proposed as the main problems in the region. The solutions proposed by the employees in the region included planning and enforcing its implementation, forcing employers to meet the minimum health standards, financing or attracting investments for recreational and welfare facilities and teaching safety precautions and health points to the residents and employees. Conclusion: The root cause of the problems is mainly operational and structural. Most of the solutions are therefore compulsory, including obligations such as forcing contractors to meet the requirements, changing welfare regulations and following a legally-enforced program.

Objective: The aim of the explanatory research is presenting a method for illustrating children’, s book by analyzing, monitoring and identifying the performance of illustrators and publishers of Iran children’, s religious books based on the social semiotic approach. Methodology: The population of the research was 34 children’, s religious books with religious characters’,topic for alef age category (the age period, which starts from the birth to 6 years old) extracted from Iran National digital children’, s Library. Regarding the low amount of the population, all of them selected as sample. The tool of data gathering is a comprehensive checklist captured by a book under the title of “, The Grammar of Visual Design”,authored by Kress and Leeuwen (2006) that is known as the bible of analyzing the illustrated books based on social semiotic approach. Based on the special checklist, all books were evaluated and investigated quantitatively and qualitatively based on six variant elements of Composition, Point of View, Dimension, Form, Color, and Context. Findings: One of the findings of the research was evaluating religious based on social semiotic approach. In addition to these evaluations and measurements, further findings showed that the score of evaluated books based on social semiotics approach principles is as below: color (with 3. 54 score), form (with 3. 1 scores), composition (with 2. 6 scores) and the context (with 1. 28 scores). The point of view principle because of its qualitative approach evaluated qualitatively as an independent criterion. The qualitative approach in this regard showed that the point of view of authored books is the opposite, general and distant. Wholly the score of the books based on these principles is very low and it shows the low attention of publishers and illustrators to illustration principles. Evaluating the books based on publishers and illustrators showed that “, Jame-ye-pazhoohesh: “, JameatolQuran) are the most fruitful ones and evaluating the books based on publishers, and Masoumeh Boroumand’, s works are the most quality nooks illustrated for this age range and topic. Conclusion: It seems that neglecting illustration principles and unaccustomed with the visual and pictorial symbols and signs cause serious challenges and difficulties for children, teenagers and Young and cultural system of the county (Iran). Thus, it is advisable to use the necessary principles, elements, and methods for children’, s book illustration in compiling the suitable books for children.