Aims: Congenital hand anomalies are abnormal conditions presented at birth regardless of their cause. These abnormalities may lead to structural or functional disorders in children. The treatment of pediatric hand anomalies has been controversial, and the agreement on the gold standard for the treatment of this malformation in children has yet to be ambiguous. Information & Methods: The aim of the present study was to review studies on splinting in congenital hand anomalies using ProQuest, PubMed, Scopus, and EMBASE databases published from 1990 to 2023. Findings: A total of 344 articles were found and finally, 13 articles were reviewed, of which six cases were at evidence level I (one randomized controlled trial (RCT) and five reviews), two cases were at evidence level II,  two cases were at evidence level III, one study was at evidence level IV, and two cases were at evidence level V. The methodological quality assessment of the one and five included RCTs and systematic review studies showed the moderate-to-high quality of the studies based on the scores≥5 using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) and Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) scales. Conclusion: The use of a splint alone in the function of the upper limbs of children suffering from congenital hand abnormalities cannot be presented as an effective solution.. The use of splints as the first line of congenital hand anomalies in children can be useful if prescribed during infancy and in some congenital anomalies, such as thumb and radial hand. The best treatment process for children with other hand anomalies is surgery and timely prescription of a splint.

Background and Aims: Upper extremity movements and hands can alter or interfere with walking patterns, but they are usually ignored in gait analyses. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of upper extremity splinting on walking speed and cadence. Materials and Methods: A total of 30 healthy individuals (Mean± SD: 29. 56± 5. 34years, BMI: 24. 06± 3. 25 kg/cm2) were asked to walk in front of the Vicon motion analysis system at their usual speed and then at the same speed with the dominant and then non-dominant hand position on the splint. Then, using MATLAB software, data were extracted and analyzed using descriptive statistics (Mean and SD), Shapirovik test (to check the normality of data distribution), and paired t-test to compare walking speed and cadence. Results: The results of the t-test showed a significant difference between the normal swing and dominant hand position in the splint as well as the natural swing and the non-dominant hand position in the splint in the moving average variable walking speed. However, in terms of cadence, despite the mean decrease, there was no significant difference between any of the conditions and patterns compared to the natural pattern. (p≤ 0. 05). Conclusion: According to the results of the study, it can be suggested that sling should not be used to maintain normal walking speed in unnecessary cases in different patients, because these individuals may experience changes in walking patterns, imbalances, and falls due to increased walking speed.

An ingrown toenail is a painful disorder of the lateral nail fold associated with inflammation, infection, and granuloma formation. Various conservative modalities have been described to reduce the pressure of an ingrown nail on its gutter. The invasive option is preferred for severe ingrown nails (grade III). Here an innovative, less invasive technique is described to treat severe grades of ingrown nails with the use of mosquito artery forceps and cyanoacrylate glue. The glue on curing becomes a hard cast that blunts and insulates the nail from its gutter, protecting the gutter from nail injury. The glue is hygroscopic and anti-infective, making the gutter dry, healthy, and maceration-free. The ingrown nail becomes asymptomatic within half an hour of splinting, and the granuloma heals within 3 to 6 weeks. Thus chemical splinting with cyanoacrylate glue is a novel and fast conservative technique for treating severe grades of ingrown toenails in outpatient care units.

Background. A controversial issue in implant dentistry is decision making about splinting of adjacent implants in segmental tooth replacement which is usually occurred during the planning stage. The aim of this presentation is to review the latest literature on splinting versus nonsplinting the restorations of adjacent dental implants, and discussing the advantages and disadvantages of either option. It will be tried to provide the practitioner a decision tree when they encountered such situation. Methods. A comprehensive literature review is conducted for articles evaluating the success of splinted and nonsplinted dental implants. Results. Both options have their outcomes, and no evidence is found to suggest one of them to reach the best result. However, less technical complications have been found with splinted restorations. Conclusions. Both splinting and nonsplinting are valid options for restoring adjacent implants. Nonetheless, considering the several factors related to the patient are crucial to achieve the best possible outcomes and lowest risks for complications.

Objectives: Flexion contracture in fingers of hands is a complication of Dupuytren’ s contracture and cannot be stopped by the progressive course. The aim of this study was to review the effect of splinting in the correction of contracture after Dupuytren’ s contracture operation. Methods: To carry out this research, a kind of systematic evidence-based review process (Duffy 2005) was used. For data gathering, we used electronic database and Persian-and English-language specific journals between 1990 and January 2019. The keywords were related to examine the effect of various splinting after Dupuytren’ s contracture operation. Results: After data gathering, 26 articles about Dupuytren’ s contracture were found; after checking and deep reviewing of those articles, 17 articles were removed from the study and 9 articles were included in the study for reviewing. The results of a review article based on using splint in Dupuytren’ s contracture after operation were classified into 6 categories, including static splint, dynamic splint, day splint, night splint, the time duration of splinting, and prescribed time of splinting. Discussion: Splint alone has been ineffective in reducing contracture. Static splint and hand therapy (exercise) are together the most effective way for the treatment of Dupuytren’ s contracture. Occasional and irregular use of splint also has no effect on pain relief and the reduction of contracture. The pressure and force of splint will be gradually increased, and the splint should be used at least for 3 months, too.