Purpose: This research aims at evaluating thesaurus softwares in Iran. Methodology: To evaluate eight thesaurus management softwares (TMS), a checklist covering three categories of criteria (general, functional and managerial) was designed. Then, 5 Iranian TMS including Islamic Science Thesaurus, ParsAzarakhsh, Thesaurus Builder, Qamoos, and Nosa were compared using the checklist. Findings: In terms of enjoyment and conformity, the most observed criteria were functional, managerial, and general criteria, respectively. ParsAzarakhsh TMS gained the highest score and Islamic Science Thesaurus and Thesaurus Builder, Qamoos and Nosa were the next ones. Conclusions: Although, in each of criteria, there was a difference between softwares, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test indicated that the difference was not statistically significant.

Intruduction: The problems and disadvantages of thesauri and the increasing use of ontology in data retrieval have led to studies over the past two decades to suggest the use of thesauruses in the design and construction of ontologies. So, the aim of this study is to review and present a summary of available information about the converting of the thesaurus to ontology.Methodology: The study was conducted using a systematic review. Kitchenham`s protocol was used (including Research Questions, Search Process, Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria, Quality Assessment, Data Collection and Data Analysis). Five research questions (including what are similarities between thesaurus and ontology? what are differencies between thesaurus and ontology? what are the methods of converting a thesaurus to ontology? what are the benefits of using the thesaurus to create ontology?  and what are the challenges for converting the thesaurus to ontology?) were answerd based on the analysis.Findings: The search strategy was determined and implemented and after the removal of duplicate documents, 71 documents were obtained. Then the documents were matched with the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Finally, 13 documents were analyzed as final documents for answering research questions.Conclusion: The results showed that both thesaurus and ontology were used in organizing and covering a particular subject area terminology and their main difference is in the amount of payments to semantic relations between concepts. The definition of classes based on the concepts contained in the thesaurus, the definition of the relationship between concepts and the use of a formal language were the common in all proposed methods. Taking time and avoiding repeating are the benefits of using the thesaurus and the need for an expert specialist in the process of doing work is one of the challenges of converting thesaurus into ontology.

This study aimed to evaluate Philosophy Thesaurus of Research Center for Islamic Documents and Information Management according to ISO 25964 Standard (Part I & II) and also to examine the interoperability with other vocabulary control systems (ASFA Thesaurus and Persian Subject Headings). This research method was an applied survey in terms of purpose, and a survey-descriptive study in terms of data collection. The research population included the terms of Philosophy Thesaurus, which were selected 375 terms by using Morgan's table and random sampling method. The research population in the interoperability section was also the first six levels of the Philosophy Thesaurus with 85 terms. The tool and method of data collection was, respectively, a researcher-made checklist according to ISO 25964 standards and direct observation. The results showed that the compliance rate of ISO 25964 standard (part I) in the Philosophy Thesaurus is %75. 52. The highest and lowest levels of compliance was related to the "software management" component (%79. 34) and the "semantic relations" component (%66. 66), respectively. The results of the interoperability of Philosophy Thesaurus with ASFA Thesaurus according to ISO 25964 standard (Part II) showed a %24. 88 mapping, the highest of which was exact equivalence mapping (%49. 41). Also, %42. 47 of the terms has the possibility of automatic mapping. Interoperability with Persian Subject Headings was %89. 41, the highest rate is related to exact equivalence mapping (%47. 06). Also, %30 of the selected terms of the Philosophy Thesaurus can be automatically mapped with the terms of Persian Subject Headings. The interoperability in the thesaurus is an economical and efficient solution to save the high costs of producing and compiling and expanding the thesaurus. Also, paying attention to the rules of interoperability in accordance with the standards is the basis for data integration, and the user can achieve an efficient search with improvement precision and recall, regardless of the time, place, and type of database.

The new logics does not have a long history in Iran. However, in recent years, this science has been developed and promoted through publishing translated and compiled works as well as defining academic disciplines and sub-disciplines. Compiling a thesaurus in this field in order to store, classify, and retrieve information in line with quick notification and based on new technology tools is one of the requirements of this emerging knowledge. However, given that, the origin of the "new logic" is in the West and the existing issues in the published works in Iran including translations and compilations are usually translations of the Western works, there are some difficulties in doing this, including not using standard terms and unified keywords to transfer knowledge concepts to Persian. One of the problems, which arises, is the fallacy of the verbal sharing and confusion of readers and audiences of these works. This paper, which is organized in a descriptive-analytic method, in addition to providing a brief overview of what modern logics and its various branches are, as well as examples of the discrepancies and multiplicities of the terms related to the key concepts of new logics in published works (including translated and compiled works), provides a structure from the first categories of "the Thesaurus of New Logics" and represents the different terms related to single sense through the equivalence relation. This study suggests accelerating the compilation of the thesaurus of new logic to reduce the inconsistency in the use of the terms and its undesirable consequences.

This research aims to compare the capabilities of a thesaurus and an ontology for representation of knowledge in Library and Information Science (LIS), in the domain of Indexing and Persian language. The research also has developed a methodology of ontology construction by implementing domain analysis methodology.The present work developed a prototype ontology named ASFAOnt by reengineering a current thesaurus in Persian language named ASFA.The ontology was evaluated by a retrieval test in which the usability and the performance of the ontology were investigated. Usability and performance were compared with ASFA thesaurus. The evaluation was carried out as a controlled experiment in which a group of information searchers, LIS master students, used the thesaurus and ontology to extract three keywords. The evaluative study was followed by a qualitative analysis of the nature of concepts, individual relationships and the textual and visual display so as to provide an understanding of and insight into the quality of the ontology as well as to gather ideas for further development. In order to gather more validated data on users’ performance and satisfaction, a thinking aloud technique was used. Also the experimental retrieval test regarding the usability test was followed by a questionnaire survey, constructed on the basis of the ONTOMETRIC approach.The result of the study indicates that ontology structure is useful and provides valuable inspiration for the user. Fundamental differences of domain knowledge representation between them were then identified.Relationships such as broader term (BT) and narrower term (NT) in the ASFA could support a capacity for reasoning based on generation and specification, assuming the relationships themselves are valid. However, ASFAOnt ontology supports the deduction of conclusion based on domain knowledge described in the ontology. We conclude that ontology can provide a better representation of the domain knowledge and more advanced power of reasoning based on the underlying knowledge representation.

The current study is devoted to investigate softwares for managing and providing Persian thesaurus. Therefore, using survey-descriptive method,we have analyzed five thesaurus management softwares, including the softwares "Islamic Sciences Thesaurus", "Thesaurus Builder", "Pars Azarakhsh", "Ghamoos" and "published version of Ebrahimpoor Thesaurus", along with four softwares for providing thesaurus, including all the above mentioned softwares except "Azarakhsh", regarding the general and functional criteria existing in the survey list. The results obtained from this study indicate that with regard to observing functional criteria, the softwares "Thesaurus Builder" and "Pars Azarakhsh" gained the highest rank among thesaurus management softwares while the softwares "Islamic Sciences Thesaurus" and "Thesaurus Builder" ranked the highest among the softwares for providing thesaurus. On the other hand, the highest scores for observing general criteria were assigned to the softwares "Thesaurus Builder" and "Islamic Sciences Thesaurus". In general, "Thesaurus Builder" software possesses the most facilities among the above mentioned softwares.

Background and Purpose: Medical Library and Information Sciences is an auxiliary field in medical sciences that have undergone significant development in recent years. Increasing generation of information in a variety of formats is a major challenge that demands referring to databases. Hence, information storage and retrieval systems seek to address these needs using tools such as thesauri. On the other hand, among the triad sources of Persian medicine, folk medicine had not received much attention so far. Therefore, the present study seeks to answer the need to develop a Persian folk Medicine Thesaurus. Materials and Methods: This research, based on a descriptive-analytical method, attempts to show lack of attention to this branch of human knowledge while sorting the thesauri in the classification and the division of sciences. Also, it explains the theoretical and valid foundations of compiling controlled thesauri by searching reference texts in Library & Information Sciences. Results: A relatively large corpus of thesauri in different categories of science and technology (especially thesauri in the sub-categories of medical sciences, medical history, health promotion, first aid, etc. ) has been prepared and compiled in Persian language, and software and hardware facilities and infrastructures has been provided to some degree. Nonetheless, lack of codified thesauri is very noticeable in the field of folk culture, anthropology and ethnography in Persian. Conclusion: Compilation of thesauri in specific topics is foreseen and recommended in reference texts and thesaurus. Considering the increasing volume of information produced in Persian in the field of folk medicine and the availability of various infrastructures, it is necessary to compile a Persian folk medicine thesaurus.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explain the methodology and relationships between concepts for designing and creating ontology of children and Young adults as one of the basic technologies for the realization of the Semantic Web.Method: The present study is one of the applied researches because it deals with the creation of ontology of children and Young adults which is one of the essential tools in designing information systems in the field of children and Young adults. Also, in terms of purpose and method of data collection, this research is considered as a descriptive and survey research. Conceptual design of ontology was done using Methontology methodology based on the concepts and relationships in ASKA thesaurus (Thesaurus of Kanoon-e Parvaresh-e Fekri Koodakan va Nojavanan). The face and content validity of the conceptual structure was confirmed by experts in the field of Children and Young adults of the National Library and Delphi method. The tool used to build the Protégé of the software is version 5.5.0Findings: The results showed that the ontology of Children and Young adults can be composed of 12 main classes (education, literature, communication, history, social sciences, Information science & Computer, religion, psychology, linguistics, science and technology, philosophy, Arts and recreation). 4 types of interpretive attributes (1- Definition, 2- Synonyms 3- Equivalent to, 4- Notes) are used. This ontology includes 42 types of object attributes (1-Instrument for, 2- Executed by, 3- Executes, 4- Evaluates, 5- Is Used of, 6- Uses, 7- Has kind, 8- Is part of, 9- Based on, 10- Checked in, 11- Taken from, 12- Held in, 13- Founder, 14- Has negative influence, 15- Supporter, 16- Is a related field of, 17- Has skill, 18- Is Method of, 19- Is a time for, 20- Is a measure of, 21- Includes, 22- Has symptom, 23- Provider, 24- Accessible by, 25- Is low of, 26- Prevents from, 27- Is affected by, 28- Opposite to, 29- Execution place, 30- Operation place, 31- Phase of, 32- Studies, 33- Is concept of, 34- Beneficial for, 35- Is effective on, 36- Caused by, 37- Is sign of, 38- Is theory of, 39- Is a kind of, 40- Is a, 41-Collaboration with, 42- Has Property), Which of these properties, a symmetric properties and four Transitive properties and 6 of these relationships are Inverse properties property and also has 16 types of data properties (1- Uses, 2- Abbreviated, 3- Created by, 4- Used for, 5- Date of creation, 6- Date of holding, 7- Date of establishment, 8- Date of birth, 9- Date of death, 10-Has Kind, 11- Are treated, 12- Including services, 13- Symptoms, 14- Causes, 15- Accessible from the source, 16- Another name) and 214 samples are listed.Conclusion: Given the focus of new standards in the field of knowledge organization on ontological approaches, the need to understand and recognize ontologies, relationships, and how they operate and function is very important. In this regard, the ontology of Children and Young adults can be one of the useful and effective tool for this purpose and a representation of knowledge in this field. This essential tool can be used in the design of information systems for Children and Young adults, and also as a basis for the development of future terms and concepts in this field.

Purpose: To explore concepts in government documents of Qajarids from early times (1789) until the end of the Naser a-Dinshah reign (1898) to form categories and subcategories for establishing relations among them. Method and Research Design: Integrated (cumulative, ie a combination of quantitative and qualitative) content analysis was carried out. Important published historical sources of the period were identified and examined carefully to extract concepts and construct categories and subcategories. Then a purposeful sample was taken from 19000 government archival documents indexed at the National Archives of Iran were selected and contents were analyzed and assigned the categories and subcategories. Findings and conclusion: 19771subcategories were obtained from archival documents. The highest frequency belonged to titles and beurocratic positions (34. 9%), beurocratic terms (34. 2%), government offices (17. 4%) elements, and types of documents (13. 2%) accordingly. Administrative titles and official positions claimed for 5 categories and 166 subcategories. Categories of titles and financial positions with (34%) occurred the most. Thesaurus relations among subject indexes show the main concepts of governmental documents. All thematic indexes of the main concepts of governmental documents are related to each other