کنفرانس سالانه تحقیقات در مهندسی عمران، معماری، شهرسازی و محیط زیست پایدار
سال:1393 | دوره:1 |تعداد مقالات:27

INCREASING THE COST OF EFFECTIVE AND ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY TECHNOLOGIES FOR AMENDMENT OF SOIL AND SEWAGE CONTAMINATED WITH TOXIC MATERIALS IS A GLOBAL INTERESTING ISSUER. THE ACCUMULATION OF HEAVY METALS IN THE WATER AND SOIL IS A VERY IMPORTANT PROBLEM OF ENVIRONMENT. DUE TO THE TOXICITY AND BIOLOGICAL ACCUMULATION CAPABILITY, CADMIUM HAS BEEN CLASSIFIED BY THE UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY AS ONE OF THE FIRST RATE POLLUTANTS, AND BASED ON POSITIVE RESULTS OF CARCINOGENICITY HAVE CONSIDERED IT AS A PROBABLE HUMAN CARCINOGENICITY MATERIAL (GROUP B1). PROVIDING A RELIABLE METHOD, THAT IN ADDITION TO POLLUTION ELIMINATION, CAN BE LOW-COST, FAST AND HAS NOT UNDESIRABLE SIDE EFFECTS FOR ENVIRONMENT HEALTH, IS NECESSARY. VARIOUS METHODS HAVE BEEN STUDIED AND APPLIED IN ORDER TO ELIMINATE THE HEAVY METALS, BUT DUE TO HIGH-COST AND LOW (LIMITED) EFFICIENCY, IN RECENT YEARS, NATURAL, SUITABLE AND LOW-COST (CHEAP) PURIFICATION METHODS SUCH AS PHYTOREMEIATION WERE STUDIED. PHYTOREMEIATION IS A RELATIVELY NEW (MODERN) TECHNOLOGY THAT IN ADDITION TO PUBLIC POPULARITY IS A ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY, STABLE (SUSTAINABLE) AND ALSO LOW-COST METHOD. THIS STUDY IS AIMED TO DETERMINE THE REFINING POTENTIAL AND CAPACITY OF WATER HYACINTH (ERICHHORNIA CRASSIPES) IN ORDER TO ELIMINATE THE CADMIUM FROM WATER (AQUEOUS) ENVIRONMENT. FACTORS SUCH AS INITIAL CONCENTRATION OF NITRATE AND CADMIUM, TIME VARIANTS, ADSORBENT MASS, PH AND SULFATE ION IMPACT IN ELIMINATION YIELD, AND ALSO THE ADHERENCE LEVEL OF NITRATE AND CADMIUM ABSORPTION FROM THE FREUNDLICH AND LANGMUIR ISOTHERMS USING THE WATER HYACINTH WERE STUDIED. THE RESULT SHOW THAT THE BEST EFFICIENCY OF CADMIUM, MORE THAN 99%, WAS OCCURRED IN THE OPTIMUM CONDITIONS (RETENTION TIME OF 30 HOURS, ADSORBENT DOSE OF THREE PLANTS (12 STEMS) AND PH=6.6).BY INCREASING THE INITIAL CONCENTRATION, THE ELIMINATION EFFICIENCY DOES NOT CHANGE AND BY INCREASING THE ADSORBENT MASS THE ELIMINATION EFFICIENCY IS INCREASED AND THE LOWEST RETENTION TIME IS OBTAINED FOR THE EQUILIBRIUM (BALANCE). THE PROCESS OF CADMIUM ABSORPTION FOLLOWS OF FREUNDLICH ISOTHERM (R2=0.98). FINALLY IT CAN BE CONCLUDED THAT EICHHORNIA CRASSIPES, A PROMISING PLANT WITH GREAT FUNCTIONALITY, CAN BE USED AS A REFINER IN ORDER TO ELIMINATE THE HEAVY METALS IN SEWAGE EFFLUENTS, PARTICULARLY INDUSTRIES’ SEWAGE.

UNDOUBTEDLY, ENVIRONMENT AS HUMAN CONTAINER, IS ONE OF THE PORTIONS AND OR IN FACT ONE OF THE CONCEPTS OF APPEARING WELFARE SENSES IN CITIZENS. ACCESS WEAKNESS, INSTABILITY AND UNBEAUTIFUL STRUCTURES, LACK OF STANDARDS AND USAGE CAPITATION AND ETC IS PORTION OF CHARACTERISTICS OF URBAN DISTRESSED AREAS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES AND UNDEVELOPED COUNTRIES WHICH TODAYS IS CHALLENGING SUBJECT AND ATTRACTS ATTENTION OF SCIENTISTS OF URBAN STUDIES. IN THIS REGARD CONTINUES AND SYSTEMIC CYCLE OF CITY PROBLEMS SHOWS THAT ABORTING ISSUES LEAD TO INCREASING UPCOMING VARIETY PROBLEMS. ACCORDING TO NECESSITY AND IMPORTANCE OF EXAMINING THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF CITIZENS IN URBAN DISTRESSED AREAS, THIS ARTICLE DEALT WITH STUDY OF RESUSCITATING AND INDEXES OF LIFE IN URBAN CENTERS IN WAY OF DESCRIPTIVE SURVEY AND CONTENTS GATHERING FROM LIBRARY RESOURCES AND DOCUMENTATION. IN THIS STUDY DEALT WITH DETERMINING RELATION THEM AND THE IMPACT OF RESUSCITATION ON LIFE QUALITY.

THE INCREASING USE OF UNDERGROUND TRANSPORTATION AND NECESSITY FOR NEW WATER CONVEYING AND LONG TUNNELS HAS CAUSED TO DEVELOPMENT OF TUNNEL BORING MACHINES (TBM’S). MANY PARAMETERS SUCH AS GEOLOGICAL CONDITIONS, ROCK MASS PROPERTIES, ROUTE DIP AND THE UTILIZED MACHINE’S CHARACTERISTICS CAN INFLUENCE THE PERFORMANCE OF TBM’S. ONE OF THE PRINCIPAL METHODS TO PREDICT THE PERFORMANCE OF MACHINES IS TO ESTIMATE THE PERFOMANCE PARAMTERES CONSISTING OF RATE OF PENETRATION, ADVANCE RATE AND UTILIZATION FACTOR. IN THIS RESEARCH, THE FIELD PENETRATION INDEX (FPI) HAS BEEN UTILIZED FOR THE MAIN PERFORMANCE PARAMETER IN KARAJ WATER CONVEYING TUNNEL. THE FINAL PREDICTION MODEL DEVELOPED IN THIS STUDY POSSESSES A CORRELATION COEFFICIENT OF 0.73 WHICH IS EVALUATED AS A BETTER MODEL COMPARED TO THE SIMILAR PREVIOUS MODELS.

THE FIRST STEP IN ENSURING THE SAFETY OF CITIES AGAINST NATURAL HAZARD LIKE EARTHQUAKE IS TO HAVE AN UNDERSTANDING OF THE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF AREAS UNDER CONSIDERATION. MOST OF CITIES IN IRAN ARE LOCATED ON ALLUVIAL PLAINS. SOILS AND FILLING PLAINS ALLUVIAL SEDIMENTS HAVE IMPORTANT ROLE IN DESTRUCTION OF BUILDINGS WITH AMPLIFYING OR ATTENUATION OF SEISMIC WAVES DURING EARTHQUAKES. THE SITE EFFECT PHENOMENON RELATE TO TEXTURAL PROPERTIES OF SEDIMENTS SUCH AS GRAIN SIZE, SATURATION DEGREE, POROSITY AND THICKNESS. THIS RESEARCH DEALS WITH GEOLOGICAL SETTING AND SUBSURFACE FEATURES IN PARDIS CITY NEAR TEHRAN AND USE FROM A COMBINATION OF GEOLOGY, GEOPHYSIC AND GEOTECHNICAL STUDIES FOR UNDERGROUND MAPS INSIDE URBAN TEXTURE MAP. THE RESULTS SHOW THERE IS A HIDDEN FAULT PASS CITY CENTER THAT HAVE NO OUTCROP IN SURFACE. ALSO, SEDIMENTOLOGY AND DETERMINATION OF PALEO-ENVIRONMENT CAN REPLY TO QUESTIONS ABOUT DISTRIBUTION 3D PATTERN OF SEDIMENTS THROUGHOUT ALLUVIAL PLAINS BENEATH THE CITIES AND THEIR DIFFERENT EFFECTS ON SEISMIC WAVES. THIS STUDY HAS PERFORMED ON PARDIS CITY AND INCLUDES GEOPHYSICS AND GEOTECHNICAL MEASUREMENTS, HYDROGEOLOGY, SEDIMENTOLOGY (GRANULOMETERY AND STATISTIC PARAMETERS CALCULATION). EVALUATION AND COMPARISON OF RESULTS IN VARIOUS PLACES SHOW THAT SPECIAL REGARD TO SEDIMENTOLOGY AND PALEO-ENVIRONMENT DETERMINATION ARE VERY IMPORTANT IN PREPARATION OF DISTRIBUTION PATTERN MAP OF SEDIMENTS IN DIFFERENT DEPTHS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON DAMAGE DISTRIBUTION.

CONCRETE PAVEMENTS USED TO BUILD A VARIETY OF WAYS. IF CONCRETE PAVEMENTS ARE DESIGNED AND BUILT WITH DURABLE MATERIALS AND SUSTAINABLE, IT CAN NO LONGER BE REPAIRED OR SPEND A LITTLE MAINTENANCE. GENERALLY CONCRETE, THE HIGH INITIAL COST COMPARISON WITH ASPHALT, BUT LONGER LIFE AND LESS MAINTENANCE COSTS. DUE TO THE PROBLEMS OF ROAD TRAFFIC JAMS, WHICH OFTEN CRASHES ON TOPICS SUCH AS THE RUGGED TOPOGRAPHY, LEAVING THEIR EARLY CRACK. THE USE OF CONCRETE PAVEMENT, CAUSING DECREASE PROBLEMS AND REDUCE THE MAINTENANCE PERIOD.IN THIS STUDY, MICRO SILICA AND NANO SILICA WAS USED IN ORDER TO POZZOLANIC CEMENT PASTE THAT REPLACEMENT BY PERCENTAGES OF CEMENT WEIGHT. MOREOVER 0.2, 0.3, 0.5% VF OF STEEL AND 0.1, 0.15, 0.3% VF OF POLYPHENYLENE SULFIDE (PPS) FIBERS WERE USED TO IMPROVE THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF THE PERVIOUS CONCRETE (WHERE VF IS THE PROPORTION OF FIBER VOLUME TO TOTAL VOLUME OF CONCRETE. PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF HARDENED CONCRETE INCLUDING POROSITY, PERMEABILITY, COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH, TENSILE STRENGTH AND FLEXURAL STRENGTH WERE INVESTIGATED. THE RESULTS INDICATED A SIGNIFICANT INCREASE IN COMPRESSIVE, TENSILE AND FLEXURAL STRENGTHS.IN ALL MIXTURES, WITH AN INCREASE OF 4% OPTIMAL NANO SILICA AND 8% WITH MICRO SILICA IN CONCRETE CONTAINING FIBERS, THE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF SAMPLES CONTAINING FIBERS IMPROVEMENT.MICRO AND NANO SILICA HAS LITTLE EFFECT THAN FIBERS ON PERMEABILITY AND POROSITY, WHILE THERE IS AN INCREASE IN THE PERMEABILITY AND POROSITY OF MICRO AND NANO SILICA IS A RAPIDLY REDUCING.

THE MAIN GOAL OF THIS RESEARCH IS RECOGNITION OF THE HIGH RISK GROUPS FROM ACCIDENT SEVERITY VIEWPOINT, IN TWO LANE, TWO WAY ROADS WITHIN 1389-1391 IN IRAN AND CONSIDERATION OF THE MOST IMPORTANT FACTORS IN THEIR ACCIDENT SEVERITY, USING SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE MODEL. IN THIS RESEARCH AT FIRST BY THE USING OF STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, MOTORCYCLISTS AND BICYCLISTS HAVE BEEN RECOGNIZED AS HIGH RISK GROUPS IN COMPARISON WITH OTHER DRIVERS. AFTER DETERMINING THE HIGH RISK GROUPS, THE ACCIDENTS OF THIS GROUPS OF DRIVERS WAS ANALYZED WITH SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE MODEL (SVM) WHICH IS ONE OF THE NEWEST MODEL IN DATA MINING. SVM MODEL USES A NONLINEAR DESCRIPTION TO CONVEY MAIN DATA TO A SPACE WITH HIGHER DIMENSION AND COULD BE MENTIONED AS A USEFUL METHOD TO ANALYZE HIGH VOLUME DATA. THE RESULTS OF UTILIZING SVM MODEL ILLUSTRATED THAT USING HELMET IS THE MOST IMPORTANT FACTOR IN DETERMINING OF INJURIES SEVERITY.

AMONG THE IMPORTANT ISSUES IN MARINE TRANSPORT, TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS IS SAFE BECAUSE THE LEAST DISREGARDING THE ENVIRONMENTAL AND HUMAN CONSEQUENCES OF VERY DANGEROUS CONSEQUENCES. TRANSPORTATION OF DANGEROUS GOODS, PRODUCTS, WASTE AND INTERMEDIATE MATERIALS IS AN IMPORTANT PART OF THE LIFE CYCLE OF A PRODUCT, THE TRANSPORT OF THE MATERIAL THROUGH THE AXIS OF AIR, LAND, SEA OR TRANSMISSION LINES TO TRANSPORT THE CHEMICAL LOADING AND UNLOADING THE MATERIAL TO ALWAYS VARIOUS RISKS ON THE PROCESS ITSELF. TODAY, 90 PERCENT OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE IS CARRIED BY SEA AND THROUGH PORTS OF THE COUNTRY. THIS TRADE VIA SEA FREIGHT AND BY MORE THAN 92 THOUSAND OCEAN-GOING SHIPS AND MORE THAN ONE MILLION TWO HUNDRED THOUSAND SAILORS AND 6500 NON-OIL PORT AND OIL TERMINAL AND IS DONE AT THE INTERNATIONAL LEVEL. BASICALLY, THE WORD DANGEROUS GOODS TO OIL, TOXIC CHEMICALS, GASES IN BULK, DRY BULK GOODS REFER PACKED WITH TOXIC SUBSTANCES.SAFE TRANSPORT AND STORAGE OF DANGEROUS GOODS IN PORTS AS A BASIC PRINCIPLE HIGHLIGHTS ALL MARITIME ORGANIZATIONS. THIS ARTICLE REVIEWS THE TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS SUBSTANCES IN PORTS AND THESE CONVENTIONS: MARPOL ANNEX II: (MARPOL) REGULATIONS POLLUTION CONTROL TOXIC LIQUID SUBSTANCES IN BULK, MARPOL ANNEX III :(MARPOL) REGULATIONS TO PREVENT CONTAMINATION OF HARMFUL SUBSTANCES IN PACKAGED WITH MARITIME DANGEROUS GOODS CODE (IMDGE CODE) AND THE INTERNATIONAL PROTOCOL PREPAREDNESS, RESPONSE AND COOPERATION TO POLLUTION TOXIC AND HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES (OPRC-HNS, 2000), AND CHAPTER VII OF THE SOLAS CONVENTION (SOLAS) WHICH HAS BEEN DEVELOPED BY THE IMO'S.

IN THIS PAPER, AN IN-DEPTH REVIEW HAS BEEN PERFORMED ON LITERATURE RELATED TO THE CONCEPT OF TRUST, ITS DEVELOPMENT STAGES DURING CONSTRUCTION PROJECT AND THE BENEFITS OF TRUST IN RELATIONSHIPS, INITIALLY. THE MAIN GIST OF THIS STUDY IS MEASURING INTER-ORGANISATIONAL TRUST BETWEEN THE MAIN PARTICIPANTS OF CONSTRUCTION PROJECT WITH DESIGN-BID-BUILD PROJECT DELIVERY METHOD. FOR THIS PURPOSE, THE PRESENT RESEARCH COMBINED WITH SOME CASE STUDIES HAS BEEN CARRIED OUT AMONG CLIENT ORGANISATIONS, THE FIRST GRADE CONSULTANT AND THE FIRST GRADE CONTRACTOR COMPANIES. 10 COMPANIES HAVE BEEN CHOSEN AS SAMPLE CASES AND ASSORTED KIND OF POSSIBLE RELATIONSHIP AMONG CLIENT, CONSULTANT AND CONTRACTOR HAVE BEEN INVESTIGATED. THE INTER-ORGANISATIONAL TRUST LEVEL HAS BEEN MEASURED FOR MORE THAN 70 OF THESE EXISTING RELATIONSHIPS. RESULTS REVEAL THAT THE LEVEL OF TRUST BETWEEN CLIENT AND CONTRACTOR IS IN THE WEAKEST LEVEL IN COMPARISON WITH THE LEVEL OF TRUST AMONG CLIENT AND CONSULTANT AS WELL AS CONSULTANT AND CONTRACTOR. THIS LACK OF TRUST BETWEEN CLIENT AND CONTRACTOR CAN BE IDENTIFIED AS ONE OF THE CAUSES FOR PROJECT FAILURES AND NEEDS TO BE STUDIED WITH GREATER DETAILS.

A LARGE SHARE OF THE TRADITIONAL ARTS OF THE KURDS ARE THE HANDCRAFTS BY WOMEN WHO HAVE BEQUEATHED THE MEMORIES OF THEIR ANCESTORS BY WORD OF MOUTH FROM THEIR MOTHERS WHO IN TURN HAVE DONE SO FROM THEIR MOTHERS. THESE WOMEN WILL BEQUEATH THE ART TO THEIR CHILDREN. ONE OF THE MOST COMMONLY SHARED AND SIGNIFICANT WORKS OF ART AMONG KURDISH WOMEN IS KNITTING. KNITTED HATS ARE AMONG THE MOST COLORFUL AND ELABORATELY DESIGNED WORKS BY WOMEN IN THE MOKRIAN REGION. THE HATS KNITTED WITH VARIOUS SYMMETRICAL PATTERNS, AND BEAUTIFUL AND INNOVATIVELY COMBINED PATTERNS ARE GIVEN TO THEIR MEN AS A PRESENT. THE QUESTION GUIDING THIS PIECE OF RESEARCH IS “WHAT ARE THE DECORATIVE PATTERNS CREATED ON KNITTED HATS WORN BY MEN IN MOKRIAN REGION AND WHAT ARE THE MAJOR FEATURES OF THOSE PATTERNS?” THE AUTHORS HAVE TAKEN A DESCRIPTIVE AND ANALYTIC APPROACH, COLLECTING DATA AND ANALYZING IT. TO THAT END, FIELD RESEARCH, LIBRARY RESEARCH AS WELL AS THE WEB WERE EMPLOYED TO COLLECT DATA. FIRST OF ALL, THE PATTERNS WERE IDENTIFIED, COLLECTED, AND THEN CLASSIFIED BASED ON THEIR COMMONALITIES. THE ANALYSIS INDICATED THAT MOST OF THE DECORATIVE PATTERNS KITTED BY THE WOMEN ON THE HATS WORN BY MEN ARE GEOMETRICAL IN SHAPE WHICH ARE IN TURN FURTHER DEVELOPED THROUGH VARIOUS SYMMETRICAL METHODS. THIS HAS CREATED DIFFERENT AND BEAUTIFUL DESIGN PATTERNS WHICH ARE DYNAMIC AT THE SAME TIME. SYMMETRICAL TRANSFER IS THE METHOD UTILIZED IN MOST OF THE COMBINED DESIGN PATTERNS FOUND ON THE KNITTED HATS.

AS ONE OF THE WIDEST AND MOST DIVERSE INDUSTRIES, THE INDUSTRY OF TRAVELING AND TOURISM IS CONSIDERED AS THE MAIN SOURCE OF INCOME, EMPLOYMENT, PRIVATE SECTOR GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE UNDERLYING STRUCTURE IN MANY COUNTRIES. AS WE KNOW, THE NEED FOR TOURISTIC PLACES AND RESORTS HAS BEEN GENERATED ALONG WITH RECOGNITION OF TOURISTS AND TRAVELERS. THEREFORE, THERE IS A CLOSE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TOURISM AND ARCHITECTURE INCLUDING SPACES SUCH AS HOTELS, RESTHOUSES, RESTAURANTS, RECREATIONAL CENTERS AND SERVICE UNITS WHICH CONSTITUTE THE TOURISM SET. CONSIDERING THIS RELATIONSHIP CAN GENERATE A PROFITABLE TOURISM INDUSTRY FOR EACH COUNTRY OR PROVINCE. WITH MANY NATURAL TOURISTIC ATTRACTIONS, CHAHARMAHAL AND BAKHTIARI PROVINCE CAN BECOME AN IMPORTANT POLE OF SUSTAINABLE TOURISM IN THE COUNTRY. AS ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT EFFECTIVE FACTORS, IT IS NECESSARY TO EVALUATE THE IMPACT OF ARCHITECTURE ON THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT AND SUSTAINABLE TOURISM. FURTHERMORE, THE TOURISM OBSTACLES DUE TO INCORRECT ARCHITECTURE HAVE TO BE RESOLVED. THIS APPLIED RESEARCH HAS USED BOTH DOCUMENTARY AND FIELD METHODS TO COLLECT INFORMATION.

IN RECENT DECADES, THE GROWING OF INFRASTRUCTURE IN URBAN AND METROPOLITAN AREAS HAS LED TO A DRAMATIC INCREASE IN THE VALUE OF LAND AND A LACK OF SUITABLE LOCATIONS FOR FUTURE DEVELOPMENT. THESE FACTORS MAKE THE BUILDING INDUSTRY SEEK SOIL LANDS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDINGS, WHICH MAY INEVITABLY LEAD TO CONSTRUCTIONS ON UNSTABLE LANDS. ONE OF THE METHODS WHICH HAS BEEN USED IN RECENT YEARS IN THE IMPROVEMENT OF UNSTABLE GROUND AND FINE GRAINED SOIL IS THE USE OF STONE COLUMNS. THESE ARE WIDELY USED IN REDUCING SETTLEMENT AND INCREASING BEARING CAPACITY OF SOIL IN STRUCTURES LIKE LIQUID STORAGE TANKS, DAMS, LARGE FOUNDATIONS, AND LIGHT STRUCTURES. THIS STUDY INTRODUCES SOIL REINFORCEMENT METHODS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS IN ADDITION TO DISCUSSING DESIGNING AND PLANNING METHODS.

HIGH RISE BUILDING IS A MODERN STRATEGY IN RESPONSE TO THE CURRENT URBAN SPRAWL IN ORDER TO MAINTAIN ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY THROUGHOUT THE WORLD. AMOL, ONE OF THE CENTRAL CITIES OF MAZANDARAN PROVINCE IS OF A COMBINED AGRITOURISM FUNCTION. STUDYING URBAN TRANSFORMATION AND THE TRENDS OF URBAN DEVELOPMENT IN THE CITY OF AMOL REVEALS A CHANGE IN URBAN FABRIC FROM SCATTERED TO COMPACT, ESPECIALLY IN AGING AND OLD CONTEXTS OF THE TOWN.THE PRESENT STUDY AIMED AT EVALUATING THE PROCESS OF HIGH RISE BUILDING AND THE CHALLENGES RESULTED FROM CHANGING USE OF URBAN LAND AND CONTEXT IN THE CITY OF AMOL. THE RESEARCH METHOD IS ANALYTICAL-DESCRIPTIVE BASED ON DOCUMENTS AND STUDIES PERFORMED IN THE FIELD OF URBANISM OF AMOL AND THE FIELD RESEARCH BASED ON OBSERVATIONS AND INTERVIEWS. THE RESULTS SHOWED THAT CONTRARY TO THE PREDICTIONS OF THE DETAILED PLAN OF AMOL CITY, HIGH-RISE BUILDING AND MIXED USE DEVELOPMENT IN URBAN BLOCKS WERE CONDUCTED THROUGH CHANGING REGISTRATION OF EDUCATIONAL USE, GREEN SPACE, ETC. IN WHICH HIGH RISE BUILDINGS AND DESIGN MEASURES HAVE NOT BEEN FULLY IMPLEMENTED WHICH HAD ADVERSE PHYSICAL SPATIAL EFFECTS ON THE CITY OF AMOL.

IDENTITY IS VERY SIMPLE WORD BUT WITH COMPLEX CONCEPT. DISCUSSION ABOUT IDENTITY IN DIFFERENT SCIENCE AREAS HAVE BEEN ATTRACTED THE AIMS OF THIS STUDY IS HOUSE AND HOUSING CONCEPTS AND RECOGNIZING MAKING-IDENTITY COMPONENTS IN LOCAL ARCHITECTURE IN IRANIAN HOUSE AND EXAMINING HOW IT APPEARING MAKING-IDENTITY COMPONENTS IN LOCAL ARCHITECTURE OF IRANIAN HOUSE AND ALSO EXAMINING EFFECT OF IDENTITY OF HOUSING ARCHITECTURE ON IDENTITY OF MODERN HOUSING ARCHITECTURE. RESEARCH METHOD OF THIS ARTICLE IS BASED ON DOCUMENTATION STUDIES BASED ON THE RELATED DOCUMENTS TO OPINIONS OF HOUSE SUBJECT AND THEIR IDENTITY HAS BEEN DONE. IN STREAM OF AN LIBRARY EXAMINATION, APPLIED AND RESEARCH ARTICLES AND EXAMINING ARTICLES AND REPORTS IN FIELD OF HOUSE AND LOCAL IDENTITY OF THEM AND ALSO CASE STUDY EXAMINATION RESULTS OR PUBLISHED REPORTS IN INTERNATIONAL AND FOREIGN SCIENTIST RESEARCH IN FIELD OF DETERMINATION OF HOUSE AND HOUSING, IDENTITY AND MAKING-IDENTITY HAVE BEEN PRESENTED AND ACHIEVED RESULT OF THIS STUDY SHOWS THAT IN DESIGNING LOCAL HOUSES IN IRAN, ARCHITECT HAS ENOUGH FAMILIARITY WITH MAKING-IDENTITY COMPONENTS WHICH MEANS NATIONAL AND RELIGION WORTH AND … HAVE ENTERED METHODS IN ARCHITECTURE AND FINALLY WE DEALT WITH EFFECT OF IDENTITY OF LOCAL ARCHITECTURE ON CURRENT ARCHITECTURE.

IN THE SIGHT OF EXPERTS, NATIONAL BUILDING REGULATIONS IS TO ENSURE THE FUNCTIONING COMPONENTS DURING ITS USEFUL LIFE AND TO SAFEGUARD OF THE DIGNITY OF THE ENGINEERING COMMUNITY, AND IN THE SIGHT OF MACRO MANAGEMENT, MAINTENANCE OF PUBLIC ORDER THAT ANY AGREEMENT TO THE CONTRARY IS VOID. IF THE CODIFIED LAWS, PROHIBITS CONSULTANT ENGINEERS AND MUNICIPALITIES TO PROVIDE A CERTIFICATE OF COMPLETION FOR BUILDINGS INCONSISTENT WITH THE PROVISIONS OF NATIONAL BUILDING REGULATIONS, HOW THESE BUILDINGS ARE ABLE TO OBTAIN A CERTIFICATE OF COMPLETION. CONTRARY OF WHAT HAS BEEN MADE WITH THE NATIONAL BUILDING REGULATIONS, MAY BE CAUSED BY VARIOUS FACTORS SUCH AS FLAWS AND WEAKNESSES IN THE DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, SUPERVISION AND EXPLOITATION. THE PREVAILING VIEW OF SOCIETY IS THE LACK OF BUILDINGS SUPERVISION, BUT SUPERVISION OF THE BUILDINGS IS NOT DUTY OF THE BUILDINGS SUPERVISORS ALONE. ALSO, IF YOU HAVE MAPS WITHOUT TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS, AND BE IMPLEMENTED WITHOUT REGARD TO THE CONSEQUENCES, THE CURRENT SITUATION WAS NOT UNEXPECTED. MEANWHILE, EFFORTS TO IMPROVE THE SITUATION WILL NOT BE EFFECTIVE BECAUSE OF DIFFERENT PERCEPTIONS AND DIFFERENT REACTIONS IN SOCIETY. THIS PAPER ATTEMPTS TO ANALYZE THE CAUSES OF THE LACK OF FULL IMPLEMENTATION OF THE NATIONAL BUILDING REGULATIONS IN SOME PROVINCES, WITHOUT PARTIALITY AND WITHOUT ACCUSING ANY PARTICULAR GROUP, GIVE THE PROPOSED SOLUTION IN THE FORM OF RISK ENGINEERING AND IMPROVE MONITORING OF THE PRE-IMPLEMENTATION, DURING IMPLEMENTATION AND POST-IMPLEMENTATION. IT SEEMS THAT THIS PHENOMENON IS NOT CAUSED BY A LACK OF COMPREHENSIVE AND SYSTEMATIC LAWS, BUT FROM THE LACK OF ENFORCEMENT OF EXISTING LAWS AND REGULATIONS.

OVERFLOW IS ONE OF THE MOST COMMON HYDRAULIC STRUCTURES THAT WITH DIFFERENT OBJECTIVES IN WATER TRANSFER SYSTEM TO BE USED. THIS TYPE OF OVERFLOW WIDELY TO DIVERT THE FLOW AND CONTROL THE WATER LEVEL IN IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE, FLOOD DIVERSION OF RIVER ENGINEERING PROJECTS AND URBAN DRAINAGE SYSTEMS USED. DUE TO THE EXTENSIVE USE OF SIDE OVERFLOW, THIS TYPE OF OVERFLOW SHOULD BE CHARACTERIZED SO THAT IT IS SUITABLE FOR WATER AND WASTEWATER TRANSPORT NETWORKS AS WELL AS DIVERSION OF RIVER SYSTEMS USED. SOME OF THESE CHARACTERISTICS CAN BE USED TO ACCURATELY MEASURE THE FLOW RATE OF WATER THROUGH THE APPROPRIATE CHANNEL AND ITS ABILITY TO LEAVE A SIGNIFICANT AMOUNT OF FLOW IN PLACES SUCH AS PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES USED, AMONG OTHERS. UNFORTUNATELY, COMMON SIDE WEIRS (SIMPLIFIED) NOT HAVING THE ABILITY TO SIMULTANEOUSLY SO THAT IF THE SPILL IS SMALL, ONLY SUITABLE FOR MEASURING THE FLOW AND IF THE OVERFLOW, BE CONSIDERED GREAT, JUST TO DRAIN FLOOD APPROPRIATE AND ACCURATELY MEASURE THE FLOW RATE IS REDUCED. THAT'S WHY FOR THE FIRST TIME, OVERFLOW EDGE IS PROPOSED. ACCORDING TO INVESTIGATIONS CARRIED OUT IN THE CONTEXT OF SUCH SPILLOVERS NO STUDY HAS BEEN DONE AND ONLY A FEW EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE NORMAL COMPOUND WEIR EDGE (WHERE THE CHANNEL WIDTH AND PERPENDICULAR TO THE DIRECTION OF FLOW ARE CONSTRUCTED) ARE PERFORMED. COMPLEX MODELS, A SIMPLE HYDRAULIC STRUCTURES THAT ARE GENERALLY COMBINED CROWN SHAPE OF A TRIANGULAR OPENINGS (AT THE BOTTOM) AND A RECTANGULAR OPENING (ON TOP) AND COMPOSITE SCORE OF HYDRAULIC WEIR FLOW MEASUREMENT OVER A WIDE RANGE FROM LOW TO HIGH WITH HIGH SENSITIVITY AND PRECISION NEEDED IN IRRIGATION CANALS OR LABORATORY FLUME. IN THIS STUDY, THE HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY IN THIS TYPE OF OVERFLOW FLOW AND OVERFLOW BEHAVIOR AT DIFFERENT RATES AND DIFFERENT ASPECTS WILL BE DISCUSSED. RESULTS PRESENTED IN THIS STUDY, THE DESIGN OF THE CONTROLLER AND IS USED TO MEASURE THE FLOW. IN THIS PAPER, A SERIES OF EXPERIMENTS TO INVESTIGATE THE EFFECT OF LENGTH AND HEIGHT OF THE BOTTOM EDGE OF THE OVERFLOW WEIR DISCHARGE COEFFICIENT WAS DONE IN INK ON THE EDGE. THE GOAL OF THIS RESEARCH PROGRAM COMBINED OVERFLOW FLOW-3D MODELING AND SIMULATION AND MODELING TO OTHER WORDS SUCH AS NUMERICAL OVERFLOW AND TO OBTAIN RESULTS THAT ARE DIFFERENT IN TERMS OF SIZE AND HYDRAULIC.

THE INDUCED CRACKS ON THE CONCRETE LINING OF THE INTAKE PRESSURE TUNNELS MAY CAUSE THE WATER SEEP INTO THE SURROUNDING MEDIA LEADING TO DEVELOP A HYDRO PRESSURE ON THE EXTERNAL SURFACE OF THE LINING. IN THE COMMON DESIGN PRACTICE, THE LINING CAN BE DESIGNED TO TOLERATE WITH THIS PRESSURE USING THE SCHLEISS METHOD. HOWEVER, WHEN THE TUNNEL IS CONSTRUCTED ABOVE THE UNDERGROUND WATER TABLE, THE SEEPAGE MAY CAUSE THE STRENGTH OF THE GROUND TO REDUCE THE AMOUNT OF WHICH MAY BE CONSIDERABLE IN SOME WATER SENSIBLE SOILS.IN THIS PAPER, THE FINITE ELEMENT PACKAGE OF PLAXIS HAS BEEN USED TO DO THE NON-LINEAR ANALYSIS OF AN INTAKE PRESSURE TUNNEL LOCATED INSIDE A MUDSTONE SOIL. THE STRESS-STRAIN MODEL FOR THE LINING IS TAKEN LINEAR ELASTIC AND FOR THE SOIL IS THE ELASTO-PLASTIC MOHRE- COLUMB THE ANALYSIS IS CARRIED OUT BY DEVELOPING A 2D NUMERICAL MODEL FOR AN AREA OF 100X73 METERS. CONSEQUENTLY, THE OPTIMUM LINING IS DESIGNED WHILE THE SOIL STRENGTH REDUCTION OCCURS DUE TO SEEPAGE OF WATER THROUGH THE CRACKS IN THE LINING. THE RESULTS OF THE NUMERICAL ANALYSIS ARE COMPARED WITH THAT OBTAIN FROM SCHLEISS COMMON METHOD OF DESIGNING. FINALLY, A SERIES OF PARAMETRIC STUDIES ARE CARRIED OUT AND SOME IMPORTANT POINTS AND COMMENTS ARE SUGGESTED FOR THE DESIGNING OF INTAKE PRESSURE TUNNELS FACING THE SAME CONDITION.

REVENUE IN THE MUNICIPALITIES OF AFFAIRS HAVE A MAJOR IMPACT ON THE PROVISION OF MUNICIPAL SERVICES TO CITIZENS. IF THE MUNICIPALITY CANNOT ACHIEVE ADEQUATE AND SUSTAINABLE INCOME, WILL NOT BE ABLE TO CREATE AND MANAGE THE FACILITIES NEEDED IN. ALTHOUGH THE MAYOR OF RESOURCES CAN BE ACHIEVED IN DIFFERENT WAYS BUT ALL OF THEM DO NOT HAVE STABLE INCOME CHARACTERISTICS. STABLE REVENUES FIRSTLY REQUIRES THAT THESE ITEMS BE OF RELATIVE CONTINUITY AND, SECONDLY, ENSURING THE QUALITY CONDITIONS OF THE CITY'S INCOME DOES NOT PUT AT RISK AND DAMAGE THE ANALYTICAL METHOD FOR THE EFFECTIVE ADMINISTRATION OF THIS PAPER TO THE CITIES DUE TO THE EXPERIENCES OF DEVELOPED COUNTRIES AND EXPERTS TO PROVIDE NEW SOLUTIONS FOR SUSTAINABLE FUNDING FOR MUNICIPALITIES IN THE COUNTRY. THE RESULTS OF THIS STUDY SHOW THAT ACCESS TO NEW METHODS OF PROVIDING STABLE INCOME SOURCES AND SAFE AND WITHOUT ADVERSE CONSEQUENCES OF ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND POLITICAL ROLE SATISFACTION URBAN POPULATION, ACCELERATING URBAN DEVELOPMENT, AND FINALLY THE OPTIMAL MANAGEMENT OF CITIES HAVE.

THE NECESSITY OF DEVELOPING A DETAILED URBAN STRUCTURE PLAN IS RELATED TO THE CHARACTERISTICS OF AN URBAN SPACE AND ITS LOCAL CONDITIONS SUCH AS THE DENSITY OF INVESTMENTS ABSORBED. EARTHQUAKES, VOLCANOES, TSUNAMIS, AND HUMAN DISEASES ARE SOME EXAMPLES OF NATURAL DISASTERS AMONG THEM AND OF GREAT INTEREST, IS THE FLOODS. URBAN FLOOD MANAGEMENT AND PLANNING IS SO THE MAIN CHALLENGING TASK FORCING DECISION MAKERS IN THE AUTHORITY ORGANIZATIONS. THE TERM “URBAN FLOOD” IS NOT REFERRED TO THE INFLUX OF SEA WATER TOWARDS COASTAL CITIES, HOWEVER, IT IS DEFINED AS THE RESULT OF HEAVY RAINFALL OCCURRED IN IMPERMEABLE SURFACES. DUE TO RECENT URBANIZATION ACTIVITIES, BESIDES THE FACT THAT NATURAL PERMEABLE SURFACES HAVE BEEN CHANGED INTO IMPERVIOUS AREAS SUCH AS ASPHALT PAVING, IRREGULAR CONSTRUCTIONS HAVE CAUSED THE DISRUPTION OF NATURAL WATERCOURSE OF STORM WATER. AS A RESULT, IN THE CASE OF OCCURRENCE OF HEAVY RAIN FALLS, LARGE VOLUMES OF WATER WOULD FLOW IN THE STREETS FINDING THEIR WAY TO LOW-LYING AREAS OF THE CITY. FLOOD CONTROL MEASURES CAN BE CATEGORIZED INTO THREE CATEGORIES INCLUDING STRUCTURAL, NON-STRUCTURAL AND COMBINED METHODS. ACTIVITIES COMPRISING OF THE CONSTRUCTION OF ENGINEERED STRUCTURES TO REDUCE THE PEAK INFLOW OF FLOOD, TO INCREASE THE CAPACITY OF RIVER, AS WELL AS TO TRANSFER OR DIVERT WATER TO OTHER AREAS, ARE CLASSIFIED AS STRUCTURAL METHODS IN URBAN FLOOD MANAGEMENT. CURRENT STUDY IS DEVOTED TO EVALUATE FACTORS AFFECTING THE PRACTICE OF SELECTING TYPE AND LOCATION OF URBAN FLOOD MANAGEMENT STRUCTURES. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THESE FACTORS AND FLOOD CONTROL TASKS, AS WELL AS THE INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL COMMUNICATIONS EXIST BETWEEN THE ABOVE-MENTIONED FACTORS ARE THE MAIN OBJECTIVE OF THIS PAPER.

IN THIS ARTICLE, ETHICS, CITIZENSHIP AND ITS IMPACT ON URBAN TRAFFIC, IS STUDIED. THE ETHICS OF CITIZENSHIP TRAFFIC AS THE COMMITMENT OF DRIVERS TO TRAFFIC RULES DEFINED. THE LIFE OF A CITY IN NEED OF RULES, RELATIONSHIPS AND THEIR OWN INTERACTIONS AND DISRUPTIONS, SHORT AND IGNORING THE LAWS AND CUSTOMS OF URBANIZATION AND OF NOT RESPECTING THE RIGHTS OF OTHERS, TENSIONS, VIOLENCE AND SOCIAL HARDSHIPS, ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL MANY FUELING. THE CITIZENSHIP IS ONE OF THE MOST USEFUL THEORIES OF THIS PERIOD THAT THE IDEA OF CITIZENSHIP RIGHTS OF EVERYONE TO THE ENJOYMENT OF THE RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES RECOGNIZED THAT THEY MUST TAKE IN ORDER TO HAVE A BETTER LIFE IS DETERMINED. TRAFFIC IS ALSO A MULTI-FACETED PHENOMENON THAT SPECIES FROM DIFFERENT ANGLES THAT CAN BE NGRYST. IN THIS STUDY WE ARE LOOKING FOR ARE THE ETHICAL IMPACT OF CITIZENSHIP ON TRAFFIC IN THE CITY OF HAMEDAN. THE RESULTS OF THIS STUDY SHOWED THAT TRAFFIC ETHICS AND CITIZENSHIP MEANINGFUL RELATIONSHIP WITH EACH OTHER.

OLD URBAN TISSUE PHENOMENON AND AN ISSUE THAT IS OFTEN CITIES HAVE FACED AND AS A BARRIER OVER THE REALIZATION OF MODERN METHODS OF URBAN MANAGEMENT, SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS HAVE BEEN AFFECTED. HENCE PRESENT ARTICLE ANALYZES THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE IDENTIFIED INDICATORS OF URBAN DISTRESSED AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AREAS GORGAN. RESULTS OF CANONICAL CORRELATION ANALYSIS SHOWED THAT THE COMBINATION OF LINEAR BETWEEN THE SET OF CANONICAL VARIABLES THERE. AND WHEN THEY WERE ON A SAMPLE A AND B, INSTABILITY INDEX (X1) TISSUE WITH LEVEL -0.59 AND IN GROUP OF C, INDEX IMPERMEABILITY (X2) WITH LEVEL -0.89 DECREASED, IN GROUP OF A, HOUSEHOLD ECONOMIC INDICATORS (Y3) WITH LEVEL 0.55, IN GROUP OF B, TECHNICAL PHYSICAL INDEX (Y1) WITH LEVEL 0.66, IN GROUP OF C, ECONOMIC INDICATORS (Y3) WITH LEVEL 0.79 ARE INCREASED. THIS INDICATES THAT THE TISSUE IDENTIFICATION PARAMETERS, THE INSTABILITY AND PERMEABILITY, MORE CONSISTENT WITH THE INCREASE OR DECREASE IN TECHNICAL-PHYSICAL, ECONOMIC AND INDICATORS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND AND IN COMPARISON WITH OTHER CANONICAL VARIABLES, THE MOST IMPORTANT ROLE IN THE FIRST CANONICAL CORRELATION COEFFICIENT AND IN THE QUALITY OF THEIR SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT.

THIS RESEARCH IS A SURVEY AND ANALYSIS. ITS MAIN PURPOSE IS TO EVALUATE THE KNOWLEDGE AND ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS OF MUNICIPAL STAFF OF TEHRAN REGION 2. FOR THIS PURPOSE, SAMPLE OF EMPLOYEES 1331 PEOPLE TEHRAN REGION 2 MUNICIPALITY FORMED THE TABLE MORGAN (1970), 310 WERE CHOSEN SAMPLE. THE STUDY SAMPLES WERE DETERMINED RANDOMLY. THE MAIN RESEARCH TOOL WAS A QUESTIONNAIRE THAT VALIDITY WAS CONFIRMED BY PROFESSORS AND A GROUP OF EXPERTS AND ITS RELIABILITY WAS MEASURED BY CRONBACH'S ALPHA OF 7.0. DATA WERE ANALYZED USING BY MATLAB SOFTWARE. THE RESULTS OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL KNOWLEDGE AND AWARENESS OF MUNICIPAL EMPLOYEES INDICATED THAT THE MAJORITY OF RESPONDENTS AGREED THAT INCREASING AIR AND WATER POLLUTION REDUCED BIODIVERSITY (BIRDS AND OTHER ANIMALS) IN THE SURROUNDINGS.

COMPILATION OF STRATEGIC PLAN HAS A PRECEDENT OVER THREE DECADES WHILE IN IRAN IT GOES BACK TO ONLY ONE DECADE AHEAD. THE HYPOTHESIS THAT USING THE SAME METHODS -MOST OF HAVE DEFICIENCIES AND UNCERTAINTIES- CANNOT BE A TRUSTABLE ROUTE FOR DEVELOPMENT IN IRANIAN-ISLAMIC CITIES, EMPHASIZES ON REFORMS BASED ON NECESSITY, SUBJECT AND PLACE. MY COOPERATION IN RESEARCH PROJECT OF QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF IMAM REZA PILGRIMAGE IN COMPILATION OF ARCHITECTURE AND URBAN DESIGN STRATEGIC PLAN, PREPARED THE WAY FOR COMPILING A MODEL WITH THE AIM OF AGGREGATING THE COORDINATED VALUES OF INTRODUCED MODELS AND REDUCTION OF AMBIGUITIES IN THEIR FUNCTION, RESULTING A SUITABLE METHOD FOR PRODUCING STRATEGIC AND VISIONING PLANS FOR ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM AREAS. THIS RESEARCH USES DOCUMENTARY-LIBRARY METHOD AND AFTER GATHERING INFORMATION, COVERS ANALYSIS, CORRESPONDENCE AND CONCLUDING PROCESSES. THIS ARTICLE WITH THE MENTIONED AIM, FIRSTLY DEFINES AND ELABORATES THE POSITION OF PERSPECTIVE AND VISIONING IN STRATEGIC PLANS AND THEN BASED ON CDS METHOD, EXAMINES THE OTHER WAYS OF PRODUCING STRATEGIC AND PERSPECTIVE PLANS AND ANALYZES THE PROMINENT POINTS, CONCLUDES IN SUGGESTION AND DESCRIPTION OF A SEVEN-STEP MODEL FOR COMPILING PERSPECTIVE AND A NINE-STEP MODEL FOR COMPILING STRATEGIC PLANS WITH STAGES OF: COGNITION, QUESTIONING, ADAPTATION, PARTICIPATION, EVALUATION, EXPRESSION AND EXPLANATION, DEEPENING AND ELABORATION, EXPANSION, MONITORING AND REVIEW.

IN THIS RESAEARCH, IT HAS BEEN TRIED TO INTRODUCE NEW METHODS OF PROTECTION AND FLOOD CONTROL IN DAMS AS EMERGENCY SPILLWAY STRUCTURE (FUSEGATES) WITH LOWER COSTS FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE WORK, IN COMPARE OF TRADITIONAL METHODS LIKE FUSE PLUG EMBANKMENT. IN THIS REGARD, EQUIPPING SECONDARY SPILLWAY OF “KHALAF ABAD RAMSHIR” DIVERSION DAM AND FLOOD CONTROL FACILITIES IN KHUZESTN TO FUSEGATES INSTEAD OF THE ORIGINAL PLAN WITH FUSE PLUG EMBANKMENT, WHICH HAS TWICE BEEN DAMAGED BY FLOODING, HAS BEEN COMPARED AND ANALYZED CONSIDERING THE TECHNICAL ASPECTS, ECONOMICS, OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES IN EACH METHODS. THE RESULTS INDICATE THAT THE USE OF FUSEGATES IN “KHALAF ABAD RAMSHIR” DIVERSION DAM, HAS THE SIGNIFICANT ECONOMIC ADVANTAGES COMPARED WITH FUSE PLAG EMBANKMENT RECONSTRUCTION. IN ADDITION STORAGE CAPACITY OF THE DAM WILL INCREASE BY CONTROL THE GREATER FLOODS.

WITH GROWING IN POPULATION, NEARLY HALF OF THE WORLD’S POPULATION LIVES IN CITIES. IT MEANS THE PLACE WHICH HAS MOST VULNERABILITY IN CRISIS. NOW A DAYS, TEHRAN WITH NEARLY 10 MILLION POPULATION HAS A LOT OF PROBLEMS FOR DIFFERENT REASONS. CONTINUTY IN OLD YEARS PROBLEMS AND IGNORANCE IN FINDING SOLUTIONS MAKES TEHRAN CLOSE TO EXPLOSION LEVEL, BUILDING WITHOUT ANY PRINCIPLES AND INDUSTRIALIZATION IGNORANCE BAN THE WAY TO THINKING LOGICAL AND EFFECTIVE. SMALL AND MEDIUM EARTHQUAKES AROUND TEHRAN IS LIKE AN ALARM BELL FOR THIS CITY. PROBABILITY, ONE DAY THE BIG EARTHQUAKE WILL HAPPEN IN TEHRAN AND TURN THIS CAPITAL TO THE CEMETRY AND RUINS. FOR SOLVING THIS PROBLEM, SIMPLE SOLUTION IS LIGHTWEIGHT CONSTRUCTION AND INDUSTRILIZATION.THE ISSUE THAT BECOMES MORE IMPORTANT NOW A DAYS.THE AIM OF WRITING THIS ARTICLE IS PRESENTING A SOLUTION WHICH IS RAISING IN ALL OVER THE WORLD AND NOBLE IDEAS FOR FACING THESE PROBLEMS.IN THIS ARTICLE, WE PRESENTING MHS STRUCTURE AND STUDYING THE BENEFITS OF USING AND PRODUCING THIS STRUCTURE IN IRAN. THIS ARTICLE IS A BEGINNING TO THE FUTURE WITH HELP OF TECHNOLOGY.

RESEARCHES SHOWS THAT THE AREAS OF PSYCHOLOGY THAT RELATE MOST DIRECTLY TO CLASSROOM DESIGN AND LEARNING ENVIRONMENT, ARE ENVIRONMENTAL, EDUCATIONAL, HUMAN FACTORS AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY. UNDERSTANDING OF PHYSICAL QUALITY ROLE OF 4 KEY PARAMETERS IN DESIGNING OF EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT IS IMPORTANT AND DETERMINANT IN STUDENTS' PERFORMANCE.STUDENTS LEARN BY ACTIVELY PARTICIPATING IN ONGOING ACTIVITIES IN THEIR SURROUNDING ENVIRONMENT, AND WITH AFFECT BY ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS, FORM THEIR FEELING AND BEHAVIORS, THUS THEIR FUNCTIONING CANNOT BE SEPARATED FROM THE CONTEXT OF THEIR ACTIVITIES.ACCORDINGLY, THIS ARTICLE BY LOOKING AT CONSTRUCTIVE PARAMETERS OF CREATIVE ENVIRONMENT IN EDUCATION, STATES THAT CREATE A POSITIVE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT, IN ADDITION TO MAKING DESIRABLE EDUCATIONAL CONDITIONS, MAKES IMPRESSION ATTACHMENT TO THAT SPACE WHICH LEADS TO EMERGE MORE CREATIVE ACTIVITIES BY STUDENTS.

IN TERMS OF SOCIOLOGY, OPTIMUM IN THE ALLOCATION OF FUNDS TO URBAN AREAS, PRIORITY POPULATION TO PHYSICAL AND SPATIAL CONSIDERATIONS, BECAUSE IT IS CLOSER TO SOCIAL JUSTICE. THIS PAPER AIMS TO INVESTIGATE THE EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL-SPATIAL AND DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS THE BUDGET OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF URBAN AREAS BASED ON THE PREMISE THAT "THE CONTRIBUTION OF PHYSICAL AND SPATIAL FACTORS IN THE ALLOCATION OF FUNDS TO DIFFERENT AREAS OF THE CITY MOST OF THE POPULATION." THUS, USING REGRESSION TECHNIQUES, TOPSIS AND IS LOOKING CLOSELY AT THIS ISSUE STATISTICAL POPULATION OF FIFTEEN AREAS OF THE CITY AND DATA COLLECTION, USE OF STATISTICS IN ISFAHAN AND RELEVANT INFORMATION AND STATISTICS. THE RESULTS SHOW THAT THE DEVELOPMENT OF PHYSICAL-SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF FUNDS BETWEEN THE AREAS OF DEMOGRAPHICS FOLLOW DOES NOT THIS PHYSICAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL NEEDS OF THE CITY PLAYS AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN THE DISTRIBUTION OF FUNDS. NATURAL RESULT OF UNBALANCED DEVELOPMENT OF URBAN AREAS PER CAPITA AND ULTIMATELY AWAY FROM SOCIAL JUSTICE.

USING THE PEDESTRIAN BRIDGES IS ONE OF THE SAFETY AND EASE TRAFFIC STREETS AND INTERSECTIONS METHODS THAT BE CONSIDERED AND CAN BE GREATLY INCREASED IN USE WITH MECHANIZED BRIDGS.DESPITE SOME SHORTCOMINGS AND LESS INCLINED PEDESTRIANS TO USE PEDESTRIAN BRIDGES AND PEDESTRIAN BRIDGES DUE TO THE NEED TO ENHANCE THE SAFETY OF PEDESTRIANS HAVE TO REVIEW THE STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES POINTS TO REMOVING WEAKNESSES AND REASONS FOR NON-USE PEDESTRIAN BRIDGES.THE HIGH PERCENTAGE OF PEDESTRIAN ACCIDENTS IS RELATED LEFT-TURN OF INTERSECTION. CONSULTANTS "AT THE INTERSECTION OF ORGANIZED LEFT-TURN MOVEMENT IS VERY IMPORTANT BECAUSE MOST OF THE ACCIDENTS AND THE IMPACT OF LEFT-TURNING CARS ARE RELATED TO LEFT TURN MOVES AND ORGANIZED THE SECTOR CAN BE GREATLY IMPROVED TRAFFIC OF INTERSECTIONS AND PEDESTRIAN SAFETY. THIS MATTER SHOWS THE IMPORTANCE OF USING NEW AND INNOVATIVE METHODS. USE THE METHOD THAT CAN IMPROVE BOTH OF SUBJECTS “THE SAFETY OF PEDESTRIANS” AND “REDUCE THE COLLISION AT THE INTERSECTION” CAN BE EFFECTIVE AND USEFUL.