INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON CIVIL ENGINEERING, ARCHITECTURE AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT | Year:2016 | دوره:4 |Papers Count:7

COLD MIX ASPHALT (CMA) HAS BEEN INCREASINGLY PREDICTABLE AS AN IMPORTANT ASPHALT MIX TECHNOLOGY ALTERNATIVE WORLDWIDE, WHERE CMA HAS SEVERAL ADVANTAGES INCLUDING ECONOMIC, ENVIRONMENTAL AND SAVING ENERGY ASPECTS OVER HOT-MIX ASPHALT (HMA). NEVERTHELESS, CMA HAS POOR PERFORMANCE MAINLY ABOUT LOW EARLY STRENGTH. THIS PAPER REPORTS THE EXPERIMENTAL TEST RESULTS OF A RESEARCH PROJECT AIMED TO INVESTIGATE AND DEVELOP A NEW COLD BITUMINOUS EMULSION MIXTURES (CBEMS) CONTAINING CEMENT KILN DUST (CKD); CKD IS AN INDUSTRIAL BY-PRODUCTS FROM CEMENT INDUSTRY. THE DEVELOPED CBEM’S ARE COMPARED WITH THOSE RESULTS OF CONVENTIONAL COLD MIX (CCM) AS CONTROL, AND PERFORMANCE COLD MIX CONTAINING ORDINARY PORTLAND CEMENT (OPC). HOWEVER, THE EXPERIMENTS WERE INVESTIGATED THE IMPROVEMENT IN MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CBEMS DUE TO INCORPORATING OPC, AND DETECT THE POSSIBILITY OF REPLACING THE OPC WITH CKD. THE MIXTURES MECHANICAL PROPERTIES TESTING WERE; MARSHALL TEST, INDIRECT TENSILE STRENGTH AND WHEEL TRACK TEST. DURABILITY IN TERM OF WATER SENSITIVITY AND AGEING WERE EXAMINED TOO.THE RESULTS HAVE INDICATED THAT THERE IS A FEASIBILITY TO DEVELOP CBEM’S BY SUPPLEMENTARY REPLACEMENT OF OPC BY CKD. WHERE UP TO 25% PERCENTAGE OF REPLACEMENT CAN CONSERVE THE RESULTS OF MARSHALL, INDIRECT TENSILE STRENGTH, WHEEL TRACK AND DURABILITY ACHIEVED BY 100% OPC AS A FILLER IN THE CBEM. THEREFORE, THIS PAPER INTRODUCES NEW CBEMS HAVING OUTSTANDING MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS, COST EFFECTIVE, AND ENVIRONMENTAL FRIENDLY.

IT IS RECOGNIZED THAT THE QUALITY OF GROUNDWATER IS JUST AS IMPORTANT AS ITS QUANTITY. AS A RESOURCE, GROUNDWATER IS GAINING INCREASING IMPORTANCE IN THE SUPPLY OF WATER IN THE STUDIED AREA WHERE SURFACE WATER IS SCARE OR ABSENT. ONE OF THE PURPOSES OF THIS STUDY IS INCLUDE: PROVIDING AN OVERVIEW OF THE PRESENT GROUNDWATER QUALITY, DETERMINING THE SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF GROUNDWATER QUALITY PARAMETERS BY USING KRIGING INTERPOLATION METHOD, AND PROVIDING A COMBINATION OF WATER QUALITY PARAMETERS TO FORM THE SO-CALLED IRRIGATION WATER QUALITY INDEX (IWQI) WHICH IS A TECHNIQUE THAT COULD BE USED TO CLASSIFY IRRIGATION WATER. FOR THIS PURPOSE THE MAJOR AND MINOR ELEMENTS OF WATER SAMPLES WHICH WERE COLLECTED FROM 24 WELLS OF GREEN-BELT PROJECT IN THREE PERIODS (SEPTEMBER, NOVEMBER 2012, AND FEBRUARY 2013) HAVE BEEN ANALYZED. THE RESULTS OF ANALYSIS INDICATE THAT THE GROUNDWATER SHOULD BE USED ONLY WITH THE SOIL OF HIGH PERMEABILITY AND WITH SOME CONSTRAINTS IN THE USE OF IRRIGATION METHOD AND SELECTION PLANT WITH HIGH BEARING TO HIGH PROPORTION OF SALT CONTENT (HIGH EC) AND HIGH CHLORIDE CONCENTRATION.

INCREASING WATER DEMAND AND CLIMATE CHANGE HAS CAUSED THE RISE IN RECENT YEARS TO PAY MORE ATTENTION TO GLOBAL DROUGHT SCENARIOS. DROUGHT IS A NATURAL HAZARD IS DESCRIBED BY MANY CLIMATOLOGICAL AND HYDROLOGICAL PARAMETERS. AND ITS EVALUATION IS IMPORTANT FOR PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT OF WATER RESOURCES. FOR THIS PURPOSE, IT IS NECESSARY TO INVESTIGATE THE EFFECTS OF DROUGHT IN THE REGION IS TO UNDERSTAND THE HISTORY OF IT. IN THIS RESEARCH, USING TOPSIS METHOD UNDER SOFTWARE MATLAB AND USING FOUR CLIMATIC PARAMETERS AFFECTING THE DROUGHT, INCLUDING TOTAL ANNUAL RAINFALL, MEAN MAXIMUM ANNUAL TEMPERATURE, MEAN MINIMUM ANNUAL TEMPERATURE AND ANNUAL AVERAGE WIND SPEED ANNUALLY ON 9 SYNOPTIC STATIONS, RATING OF DROUGHT FOR THE PERIOD 24 YEARS (2014-1991) IN KHORASAN RAZAVI PROVINCE HAS TAKEN PLACE. FINALLY, WITH IDW INTERPOLATION METHOD AND USING THE SOFTWARE ARCGIS9.3, DROUGHT ZONING OF THE STUDY AREA FOR 24YEARS PERIOD, A DRY YEAR AND A WET YEAR HAVE BEEN CONDUCTED.

ONE OF THE SUBJECTS THAT KEEP MANY ENGINEERS AND ARCHITECTS MIND BUSY IS THE POSSIBILITY OF CREATING SPACES WITH FLEXIBLE AND RETRACTABLE CEILINGS THAT GIVES THE BETTER CHANCE OF FRESH AIR AND NATURAL LIGHT OF SUN FOR THE MOMENTS THAT THERE IS NO RAIN OR A BAD CLIMATE FOR ITS USERS. RETRACTABLE CEILING HAVE DIFFERENT KINDS IN THE MATTER OF MATERIAL AND STRUCTURAL SYSTEM. THIS ARTICLE DISPLAYS METHODS FOR DESIGNING STRUCTURES THAT CAN BE RETRACTED AND ARE MADE OF HARD DISCS THAT ARE FIXED TOGETHER WITH JOINT FITTING. WHAT IS IMPORTANT IN MATCHING THESE TOGETHER IS PROVIDING THE FREEDOM OF MOBILITY WHEN THE STRUCTURE CLOSES OR OPENS. AT FIRST WE TALK ABOUT HOW THESE CONFORMATIONS ARE MADE WITH ANGLED BARS AND THEN THEIR COVERS WITH RIGID PLATES ARE DISPLAYED. FINALLY WE TALK ABOUT PERFORMING CONSIDERATION OF THESE RETRACTABLE STRUCTURES AND THE NEED OF USING IT IN THE COUNTRY.

ACCORDING TO CONSTRUCTION OF INDUSTRIAL STEEL STRUCTURES WITH CRANES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, THE IMPORTANCE OF SEISMIC BEHAVIOUR OF SUCH KIND OF STRUCTURES ARE EVIDENT. IN THIS RESEARCH, THE OVERALL STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOUR IS BRIEFLY DESCRIBED, THEN 3 MODELS OF EXISTING INDUSTRIAL STEEL STRUCTURES WITH CRANES ARE SELECTED. ALL MODELS ARE ASSUMED TO HAVE BOLTED CONNECTIONS, FOR WHICH THE DAMPING RATIO FOR ALL OF THEM IS TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT 10% OF CRITICAL DAMPING. THEN, ACCELEROGRAMS RECORDED ON SOIL TYPES 1, 2 & 3, IS SELECTED ACCORDING TO 4TH VER. OF IRANIAN 2800 SEISMIC CODE AND SCALED TO SA=0.25G & SA=0.35G SPECTRAL ACCELERATION LEVELS. NONLINEAR TIME HISTORY ANALYSES ARE COMPLETED FOR ALL DESIGNED FINITE ELEMENT MODELS, USING ABOVE MENTIONED SCALED RECORDS. MODAL PUSHOVER ANALYSES ARE CARRIED OUT TO ILLUSTRATE THE YIELDING BASE SHEAR FORCE AND THE DEMANDED BASE SHEAR FORCE FOR THE FIRST PLASTIC HINGE TO FORM. FINALLY, THE RESULTS OF DUCTILITY FACTORS, M, OVERSTRENGTH REDUCTION FACTORS, RS, AND THE DISPLACEMENT AMPLIFICATION FACTORS, CD, OBTAINED FROM VARIOUS RECORDS FOR FINITE ELEMENT MODELS, DUE TO SPECTRAL ACCELERATIONS AND BASED ON 3 SOIL CATEGORIES ARE SUMMARIZED AND DISCUSSED.

PROJECT MANAGEMENT IS AN EXTREMELY IMPORTANT FACTOR IN DETERMINING THE SUCCESS OF A SUSTAINABILITY PROJECT. NOWADAYS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IS CONSIDERED AS A RECOGNIZED COMPONENT OF DECISION MAKING IN SOCIETIES AND HAS RECEIVED INCREASING ATTENTION IN MANAGEMENT LITERATURE. THIS RESEARCH STUDIES THE PRINCIPLES OF SUSTAINABILITY APPLIED IN PROJECT MANAGEMENT. INITIAL EFFORTS TO RELATE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND PROJECTS CAN BE FOUND IN LITERATURE AND PRACTICE. HOWEVER, THE CHALLENGES AND POTENTIALS OF RELATING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT IS THE MAIN PURPOSE OF THIS PAPER.ACTUALLY THIS PAPER PUT TWO CONCEPTS TOGETHER TO SEE HOW PROJECT MANAGEMENT CAN BE FURTHER DEVELOPED BY EXPRESSLY INTEGRATING THE PRINCIPLES OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT.FURTHERMORE TO EXPLAIN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE TWO CONCEPTS, A MODEL HAS BEEN DEVELOPED. THIS MODEL HAS BEEN USED TO DISCUSS SELECTED RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN THESE TWO CONCEPTS AND OFFER SUGGESTIONS ON THE CHALLENGES AND POTENTIALS FOR PROJECT MANAGEMENT, WHEN CONSIDERING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT PRINCIPLES.

THIS PAPER PRESENTS A MODEL ABOUT USING A CONCRETE WAVE BARRIER FOR MITIGATION OF GROUND VIBRATIONS INDUCED BY A HIGH- SPEED TRAIN. THE PAPER CONSIDERS A NUMERICAL MODEL WHICH WAS DIVIDED INTO TWO PARTS. IN THE FIRST PART, TIME DEPENDENT REACTION OF A RECORDED POINT DURING TRAIN MOVEMENT WAS MODELED. THE MODEL INCLUDED CONCENTRATED MOVING LOADS AT CONSTANT VELOCITY ON AN ELASTIC BEAM WITH SPRING SUPPORTS. IN THE SECOND PART, THE RESULTS OF THE FIRST PART WERE APPLIED AS INPUT DATA OF LOADING. THE AIM OF THIS PAPER WAS TO EVALUATE THE DYNAMIC BEHAVIOR OF A SUBSOIL LAYER DURING WAVE PROPAGATION BEFORE AND AFTER CONSTRUCTING A WAVE BARRIER. THE WAVE BARRIER MITIGATED 12 TO 17 PERCENT OF THE VIBRATIONS IN THE DISTANCE OF 30M TO 40M IN THE UPPER PART OF THE SUBSOIL RESPECTIVELY. THIS INDICATED THAT THE WAVE BARRIER REFLECTED AND ALSO ABSORBED SOME COMPONENT OF WAVES. THE MITIGATED MAXIMUM TOTAL VELOCITIES FULFILLED THE ACCEPTED LEVEL OF VIBRATION.