IRANIAN FUEL CELL SEMINAR | Year:2009 | دوره:3 |Papers Count:36

SINCE THE DISCOVERY OF THE ORGANIC CONDUCTING POLYMERS MORE THAN 30 YEARS AGO, THESE MATERIALS ARE FINDING AN INCREASING USE IN VARIOUS BRANCHES OF TECHNOLOGY, SUCH AS METALLIZATION OF DIELECTRICS, PRIMARY AND SECONDARY BATTERIES, FUEL CELL, ANTISTATIC COATINGS, ELECTROMAGNETIC SHIELDING, ELECTROCHROMIC SYSTEMS, ETC. ONE OF THE MOST STRIKING PROPERTIES OF CONDUCTING POLYMERS IS THEIR ABILITY TO CATALYZE SOME ELECTRODE REACTIONS. A THIN LAYER OF A CONDUCTING POLYMER, DEPOSITED ONTO THE SURFACE OF SUBSTRATE ELECTRODE, IS ABLE TO ENHANCE THE KINETICS OF ELECTRODE PROCESSES OF SOME SOLUTION SPECIES. THESE ELECTROCATALYTIC PROCESSES, PROCEEDING AT CONDUCTING POLYMER ELECTRODES, PRESENT A FAST GROWING AREA OF INVESTIGATION, WHICH MAY YIELD MANY UNEXPECTED APPLICATIONS IN VARIOUS FIELDS OF APPLIED ELECTROCHEMISTRY. NOBLE METAL BASED CATALYSTS ARE WIDELY USED IN INDUSTRY. THE CATALYTIC ACTIVITY OF THESE METALS IS KNOWN TO DEPEND HIGHLY ON THEIR DISPERSITY AND SURFACE PROPERTIES. AS USUAL, FOR MANY CATALYTIC PROCESSES, A HIGH DEGREE OF DISPERSITY AND LARGE SURFACE AREA ARE DESIRABLE. CONDUCTING POLYMERS ARE OFTEN CONSIDERED TO BE USEFUL MATRICES FOR THE IMMOBILIZATION OF THE DISPERSED NOBLE METAL CATALYSTS. POROUS STRUCTURE AND HIGH SURFACE AREA OF MANY CONDUCTING POLYMERS FAVOURS THEIR USE AS SUPPORTING MATERIAL FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW CATALYTIC AND ELECTROCATALYTIC MATERIALS. BECAUSE OF A RELATIVE HIGH ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY OF SOME POLYMERS, IT IS POSSIBLE TO SHUTTLE THE ELECTRONS THROUGH POLYMER CHAINS BETWEEN THE ELECTRODE AND DISPERSED METAL PARTICLES, WHERE THE ELECTROCATALYTIC REACTION OCCURS. THUS, AN EFFICIENT ELECTROCATALYSIS CAN BE ACHIEVED AT THESE COMPOSITE MATERIALS, AND A GREAT DEAL OF ATTENTION WAS PAID TO THE USE OF CONDUCTING POLYMERS AS SUPPORTING MATRICES FOR THE IMMOBILIZATION OF CATALYTICALLY ACTIVE NOBLE METAL PARTICLES [1,2].

NUMERICAL SIMULATION HAS BEEN CARRIED OUT TO STUDY THE FLUID FLOW, HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER IN THE DEVELOPING LAMINAR FLOW IN THE CATHODE CHANNEL OF PEM FUEL CELL. THE FLOW CHANNEL IS CONSIDERED TO BE COMPOSED OF TWO PARALLEL WALLS, ONE POROUS (AS THE ELECTRODE SURFACE) AND ONE NON-POROUS (AS THE GAS DISTRIBUTOR PLATE). VARIOUS FLOW SITUATIONS HAVE BEEN ANALYZED, AND THE AVERAGE FRICTION COEFFICIENT, NUSSELT NUMBER FOR HEAT TRANSFER AND SHERWOOD NUMBER FOR MASS TRANSFER ARE DETERMINED FOR THESE SITUATIONS CORRESPONDING TO DIFFERENT STOCHIOMETRIC RELATIONS, OPERATING CURRENT DENSITIES AND PRESSURES OF THE CELL. THE EFFECT OF SUCTION WALL BOUNDARY CONDITION HAS ALSO BEEN INVESTIGATED, CORRESPONDING TO THE OXYGEN CONSUMPTION IN THE CATHODE. CORRELATIONS FOR THE AVERAGE FRICTION COEFFICIENT, NUSSELT AND SHERWOOD NUMBERS ARE DEVELOPED THAT CAN BE USED FOR PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FUEL CELL MODELING AND DESIGN CALCULATIONS.

A DFT STUDY IS CONDUCTED TO CHARACTERIZE CHEMISORPTION OF ONE AND TWO HYDROGEN ATOMS ON EXTERNAL SURFACE OF ARMCHAIR (5,5) AND ZIGZAG (5,0) SINGLE-WALLED BORON NITRIDE NANOTUBES. RESULTS INDICATE THAT B-N AND B-B DISTANCES OF THE TUBE IN VICINITY OF HYDROGEN ATOMS ARE SIGNIFICANTLY MODIFIED AFTER CHEMISORPTION. ADSORPTION OF A SINGLE HYDROGEN ATOM ON (5,5) AND (5,0) BNNTS IS SITE SELECTIVE, WITH THE TOP OF B ATOM AS THE PREFERRED POSITION. AS FOR TWO HYDROGEN ATOMS, ABSORPTION ON THE TOP SITES OF ADJACENT B AND N ATOMS PRODUCES THE MOST STABLE. FOR ADSORPTION OF THE SECOND H ATOM, CHEMISORPTION ON ADJACENT N ATOMS GIVES RISE TO THE MOST FAVORABLE CONFIGURATION.

CERIA AS A RARE-EARTH OXIDE IS AN ATTRACTIVE MATERIAL WITH DESIRED PROPERTIES SUCH HIGH MECHANICAL STRENGTH, GOOD STRUCTURAL STABILITY AT SUFFICIENTLY HIGH TEMPERATURE, GOOD CATALYTIC PROPERTIES AND HIGH IONIC-ELECTRONIC CONDUCTIVITY AT RELATIVELY LOW TEMPERATURES FOR A VARIETY OF APPLICATIONS SUCH AS INDUSTRIAL CATALYTIC PROCESSES AND FUEL CELLS SPECIALLY SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELLS. DOPED OR UNDOPED CEO2, DUE TO THE NUMBER OF EFFECTIVE REDOX CE4+/CE3+ SITES AND THEIR ABILITY TO EXCHANGE OXYGEN CAN BE CONSIDERED AS AN ACTUAL PROMISING CANDIDATE FOR SOFC ELECTRODES AND ELECTROLYTES. SOME OF THE RECENT STUDIES HAVE CONCENTRATED ON DEVELOPING THE SYNTHESIS ROUTES, FABRICATION AND SPECIFICATIONS OF DOPED AND MIXED CEO2 TO ATTAIN TOWARD THE HIGHEST CONDUCTIVITY AND PERFORMANCE.

IN THIS WORK GAS DIFFUSION ELECTRODES WERE FABRICATED BY NAFION AND POLYANILINE (PANI) NANOPARTICLES. THE GOAL OF THIS WORK WAS TO FIND THE OPTIMAL POINT FOR THE MIXING OF NAFION AND POLYANILINE IN GAS DIFFUSION ELECTRODES. THE EFFICIENCY OF ELECTRODES WAS EXAMINED FOR OXYGEN REDUCTION REACTION AND THE ELECTROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF THEM WERE INVESTIGATED BY CYCLIC VOLTAMETRY, LINEAR SWEEP VOLTAMETRY, CHRONOAMPERMETRY AND ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY. THE SURFACE MORPHOLOGY OF ELECTRODES WERE CHARACTERIZED BY SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE. RESULTS REVEALED THAT ELECTRODES INCLUDING BOTH NAFION AND POLYANILINE WORK MORE EFFICIENTLY COMPARED TO ELECTRODES CONTANING NAFION AND POLYANILINE SLIGHTLY, BUT THIS MIXTURE HAS OPTIMUM POINT IN WHICH ELECTRODE PERFORMANCE IS MAXIMUM.

IT IS WELL KNOWN THAT ANODE AND CATHODE PRESSURES AND CELL TEMPERATURE WERE THE EFFECTIVE PARAMETERS IN PERFORMANCE OF DMFC. IN PRESENT STUDY, THE GENETIC ALGORITHM AS ONE OF THE MOST POWERFUL OPTIMIZATION TOOLS WAS APPLIED TO DETERMINE WORKING CONDITIONS THAT OBTAINING MAXIMUM POWER DENSITY OF A DMFC. A QUASI TWO DIMENSIONAL, ISOTHERMAL MODEL IS PRESENTED TO DETERMINE MAXIMUM POWER OF DMFC. FOR VALIDATION OF THIS MODEL AND EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION, THE EXPERIMENTAL SETUP IS APPLIED. RESULTS OF MODELING ARE COMPARED TO EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS AND HAVE A GOOD AGREEMENT WITH THEM.

IN THIS STUDY, IN ORDER TO REACH A NEW SUITABLE ELECTROLYTE FOR BETTER METHANOL ELECTRO-OXIDATION IN ACIDIC MEDIA, SOLUTION CONTAINING SYNTHETIC MODIFIER (SM) WAS USED. THESE SMS HAVE HIGH THERMAL STABILITY AND EXCELLENT IONIC CONDUCTIVITY WHICH HAS CONDUCTIVITY ABOUT 0.1 S/CM. THE METHANOL OXIDATION WAS MONITORED ON MODIFIED GC ELECTRODE WITH 10-20 %WT PT-RU/C WHICH HAS PT AND RU LOADING OF 0.051 MG/CM2 AND 0.102 MG/CM2, RESPECTIVELY. SMS IMPROVE THE METHANOL OXIDATION REACTION KINETIC BY INCREASING THE SOLUTION IONIC CONDUCTIVITY AND ALSO DECREASE THE RCT OF REACTION. THEREFORE, SM ADDED ELECTROLYTE CAN BE THE NEW PROMISING ELECTROLYTE FOR DMFCS APPLICATION.

IN THIS WORK, PT NANOCLUSTERS WERE DEPOSITED IN POLYPYRROLE (PPY) NANOWIRES BY CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRY, AND FORMED A PPY–PT NANOCOMPOSITE ON GLASSY CARBON ELECTRODE (PPY– PT/GCE). METALLIC PT NANOCLUSTERS WERE DISPERSED IN ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTING PPY NANOWIRES IN ORDER TO ACHIEVE MULTIELECTRON-TRANSFER PROCESSES IN A THREE-DIMENSIONAL MATRIX. THE ELECTROCATALYTIC ACTIVITIES TOWARD METHANOL OXIDATION REACTION (MOR) HAVE BEEN INVESTIGATED BY CV. LARGER SURFACE AREA AND HIGHER ELECTROCATALYTIC ACTIVITY FOR MOR WERE FOUND AT PPY–PT NANOCOMPOSITE IN COMPARISON WITH PURE PT MODIFIED ELECTRODE, WHICH WAS ATTRIBUTED TO HIGH DISPERSION OF PT NANOCLUSTERS IN LARGE SURFACE AREA OF PPY NANOWIRES AND SYNERGIC EFFECT OF THE PT AND PPY NANOWIRES. THESE PT/WO3 MICROSPHERES APPEAR TO BE A PROMISING ALTERNATIVE ANODE MATERIAL FOR DIRECT METHANOL FUEL CELLS.

THE ELECTROCATALYTIC OXIDATION OF METHANOL ON A CARBON PASTE ELECTRODE (CPE) MODIFIED BY NICKEL HEXACYANOFERRATE (NIHCF) FILM IN 0.1 M SODIUM HYDROXIDE SOLUTION IS DESCRIBED. THIS ELECTRODE WAS CONSTRUCTED BY IMMOBILIZING NICKEL OXIDE FILM ON THE SURFACE OF CARBON PASTE ELECTRODE, WHICH WAS PERFORMED BY DERIVATIZATION OF NICKEL HEXACYANOFERRATE (NIHCF) IN ALKALINE SOLUTION. CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRY EXPERIMENTS YIELDED EVIDENCE THAT NICKEL OXIDE FACILITATES METHANOL OXIDATION, SHOWING EXCELLENT CATALYTIC ACTIVITY.

PEM FUEL CELLS ENCOUNTER PRIMARY LIMITATIONS FOR PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS INCLUDING MEMBRANE ELECTRODE ASSEMBLY (MEA) DEGRADATIONS. IN THIS WORK, SUGGESTED PT/C CATALYST DEGRADATION MECHANISMS ARE DESCRIBED IN DETAILS. THE EFFECTIVE FACTORS ON PT/C CATALYST DURABILITY SUCH AS TEMPERATURE, HUMIDITY, H2/O2 PARTIAL PRESSURE, CATALYST CONTAMINATION, CARBON SUPPORT, PT PARTICLE SIZE AND ALLOY TYPE ARE INVESTIGATED. THE SUGGESTED REMEDIES FOR EACH SUBJECT ARE PRESENTED. MEANWHILE, THE RELATED MODELS AND THEIR ABILITIES TO IMPROVE SYSTEM PERFORMANCE ARE CONSIDERED.

A CANONICAL MONTE CARLO (CMC) SIMULATION WAS EMPLOYED TO PREDICT THE ADSORPTION CAPACITY OF HYDROGEN IN SINGLE-WALLED SILICON NANOTUBE (SWSINT) OF A HYPOTHETICAL ARMCHAIR STRUCTURAL MODEL. FIVE TEMPERATURES (77,100,200,273 AND 313K), AND PRESSURE RANGE 1.0 TO 10.0 MPA WERE CHOSEN TO INVESTIGATE THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE ON THE ADSORPTION BEHAVIOUR. THE RESULTS SHOWED THAT THE GRAVIMETRIC ADSORPTION CAPACITY AMOUNTS INCREASE WHEN THE TEMPERATURE DECREASES OR THE PRESSURE INCREASES AND ALSO HYDOGEN ADSORPTION ON OUTER SURFACE OF TUBE IS HIGHER COMPARED TO THE INNER SURFACE. ALL ADSORPTION ISOTHERMS FOR H2 ARE CHARACTERIZED BY TYPE I (LANGMUIR SHAPE), INDICATING IMPROVED SOLID-FLUID INTERACTIONS. IN ADDITION, THE CMC SIMULATION OF NANOTUBE WITH H2 SHOWED ENHANCEMENT OF H2 ADSORPTIVITY OF SINT, AS COMPARED WITH CNT. CONCRETELY, THE (14, 14) SWSINT PRESENT DISTINCT IMPROVEMENT IN THE GRAVIMETRIC ADSORPTION CAPACITY OF H2 AT 298 K UNDER PRESSURE RANGE OF 1.0 TO 10.0 MPA, AS COMPARED WITH ISODIAMETER (22, 22) CNT. THIS RECOMMENDS THAT SINT IS A CAPABLE CANDIDATE FOR HYDROGEN STORAGE.

THIS METHOD HAS BEEN REALIZED BY PREPARING HYBRID MEMBRANES CONTAINING SO3HFUNCTIONALIZED NANOPOROUS SI-SBA-15 AS HYDROPHILIC INORGANIC MODIFIER, GLUTARALDEHYDE, GLA, AS CROSS-LINKING AGENT IN A POLY(VINYL ALCOHOL), PVA, MATRIX. THE DIFFERENT HYBRID MEMBRANES ARE CHARACTERIZED CONCERNING THEIR THERMAL STABILITY, WATER UPTAKE, ATR AND PROTON CONDUCTIVITY. DIFFERENT PVA-BASED MEMBRANES (PVA, PVA:GLA, PVA:SBA-15 AND PVA:GLA:SBA-15) WERE COMPARED WITH EACH OTHER. COMPARED WITH THE PURE PVA MEMBRANE, THE HYBRID MEMBRANES CONTAINING MODIFIED SILICA DISPLAYED LOWER THERMAL STABILITY DUE TO ROLE OF THE MODIFIED SILICA PARTICLES AS NUCLEATION CENTERS. IN ADDITION, THE HYBRID MEMBRANES SHOWED LOWER WATER UPTAKE BUT HIGHER PROTON CONDUCTIVITY THAN THE CORRESPONDING MEMBRANES WITHOUT SI-SBA-15.

NI/TIO2/TI ELECTRODES PREPARED BY GALVANIC DEPOSITION OF NICKEL PARTICLES FROM A WATTS BATH ON TO TIO2 NANOTUBES LAYER ON TITANIUM SUBSTRATES. TITANIUM OXIDE NANOTUBES WERE FABRICATED BY ANODIZING TITANIUM FOIL IN A DMSO FLUORIDE-CONTAINING ELECTROLYTE. THE MORPHOLOGY AND SURFACE CHARACTERISTICS OF NI/TIO2/TI ELECTRODES WAS INVESTIGATED USING SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY (SEM) AND EDAX, RESPECTIVELY. THE RESULTS INDICATED THAT NICKEL PARTICLES WERE HOMOGENEOUSLY DEPOSITED ON THE SURFACE OF TIO2 NANOTUBES. THE NANOTUBULAR TIO2 LAYERS CONSIST OF INDIVIDUAL TUBES OF ABOUT 40-80 NM DIAMETERS. THE ELECTROCATALYTIC BEHAVIOR OF NI/TIO2/TI ELECTRODES FOR THE METHANOL ELECTRO-OXIDATION WAS STUDIED BY CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRY. THE RESULTS SHOWED THAT NI/TIO2/TI ELECTRODES EXHIBIT A CONSIDERABLY HIGHER ELECTRO-CATALYTIC ACTIVITY TOWARD THE OXIDATION OF METHANOL.

THE FILM OF POLYANILINE NANOWIRES (PANI (NW)) WAS DEPOSITED ONTO THE SURFACE OF STAINLESS STEEL ELECTRODE THROUGH CYCLIC VOLTAMETRY POLYMERIZATION OF ANILINE (ANI), PANI (NW) WAS DOPED WITH TRIFLOROMETAN SULFONIC ACID AND UTILIZED FOR THE FABRICATION OF VULCAN (C), PANI COMPOSITE AND THEN PT PARTICLES REDUCED ON (C-PANI) COMPOSITE, TO RESULT A PT/C- PANI ELECTROCATALYST., THE CURRENT PEAK OF METHANOL OXIDATION, ELECTROCHEMICAL SURFACE AREA AND THE STABILITY OF PT/C- PANI IS BETTER THAN PT/C+ PANI AND PT/C ELECTRODES. -THE IONIC RESISTANCE CONDUCTIVITY OF TWO ELECTRODES WHICH CONTAINING POLYANILINE ARE RARITY SMALLER THAN PT/C AND NAFION SOLUTION CATALYST BUT EIS MEASUREMENTS IN MODIFIED ELECTRODES DON’T SHOW NEGATIVE IMPEDANCE AFTER OCV. IT IS FOUND THAT THE METHANOL DIFFUSION COEFFICIENTS IN THE PT/C- PANI AND PT/C+ PANI ARE 2.5 AND 2 TIMES HIGHER THAN THE DIFFUSION COEFFICIENT OF METHANOL IN PT/C ELECTRODE.

POLY (P- AMINOACETANILIDE) (PPAA) WAS PREPARED BY OXIDATION OF PAA IN ACIDIC AQUEOUS SOLUTION IN THE PRESENCE OF SODIUM DODECYL SULFATE (SDS) ON THE SURFACE OF A CARBON PASTE ELECTRODE (CPE). THEN NI(II) IONS WERE INCORPORATED TO THE POLYMER BY IMMERSION OF THE MODIFIED ELECTRODE IN A 0.1 M NI(II) ION SOLUTION. THE ELECTROCHEMICAL STUDY OF THIS MODIFIED ELECTRODE WAS INVESTIGATED BY USING CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRY AND CHRONOAMPEROMETRY TECHNIQUES. THE ELECTROCHEMICAL STUDY OF THIS MODIFIED ELECTRODE EXHIBITS STABLE REDOX BEHAVIOR OF THE NI(III)/NI(II) COUPLE. ALSO, THIS POLYMERIC MODIFIED ELECTRODE HAS A VERY GOOD ACTIVITY TOWARD THE ETHYLENE GLYCOL (EG) ELECTROOXIDATION IN A 0.1 M NAOH SOLUTION. FINALLY, BY USING A CHRONOAMPEROMETRIC TECHNIQUE, THE CATALYTIC RATE CONSTANT (K) FOR ETHYLENE GLYCOL WAS CALCULATED 1.1× 104 CM3 MOL-1 S-1.

PT NANOPARTICLES WELL-DISPERSED ON VULCAN XC-72 WERE PREPARED USING AN IN SITU ONE STEP METHOD. IN A MIXTURE CONSISTING OF VULCANS, ETHYLENE GLYCOL, H2PTCL6, 4,4- DIPYRIDINE, AND DIMETHYL FORMAMIDE (DMF), PT NANOPARTICLES WERE GENERATED IN SITU AND LOADED ON VULCAN XC-72. ELECTROCHEMICAL ACTIVITY OF THE CATALYST WAS TESTED BY RDE TECHNIQUES. THE ELECTROCHEMICAL ACTIVE SURFACE AREA (EAS) GAINED FROM THE CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRY (CV) MEASUREMENTS. THE STRUCTURE AND NATURE OF THE RESULTING PT/VULCAN XC-72 WERE CHARACTERIZED BY X-RAY DIFFRACTION (XRD).

THE HYDROGEN ADSORPTION ON THE SURFACE OF ULTRA-SMALL RADIUS (3,0) WAS INVESTIGATED. THE STRUCTURAL AND ELECTRONIC CHANGES DUE TO PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL ADSORPTION WERE STUDIED BY DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY BASED CALCULATIONS. THE INITIAL ADSORPTIVE ORIENTATION OF HYDROGEN MOLECULES WITH RESPECT TO THE NANOTUBE SURFACE WAS OBTAINED BY THE REALISTIC MOLECULAR DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS. THE RESULTED STABLE CONFIGURATION WAS CONSIDERED AS THE STARTING POINT FOR THE REST ELECTRONIC ANALYSIS. THE TOTAL ENERGIES, ATOMIC CHARGES, AND ENERGY BAND GAPS WERE CALCULATED AT THREE STATES, NAMELY THE PRISTINE, PHYSISORBED AND HYDROGENATED (3,0) SINGLE WALLED CARBON NANOTUBE. THE HIGHER CHEMISORBED ENERGY, IN COMPARISON WITH THE GENERAL LARGER DIAMETER CARBON NANOTUBES, WAS ATTRIBUTED TO THE STRONG CURVATURE EFFECT OF THIS ULTRA-NARROW NANOTUBE. BOTH BAND STRUCTURE AND MOLECULAR ORBITAL ANALYSIS CLEARLY SHOWED THAT CHEMISORPTION MAKES THE NANOTUBE CONDUCTING ALONG THE TUBE AXIS.

A FINITE TRANSMISSION LINE IS PROPOSED FOR PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FUEL CELL WHEN THE FARADIC CURRENT IS ABSENT DUE TO PURGING OF INERT GAS AT THE BACK OF CATHODE AND ANODE. ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE WAS COMPUTED BY USING MATLAB SOFTWARE. THE ELECTRICAL ELEMENTS FROM TRANSMISSION LINE WERE EXTRACTED FROMNYQUIST AND BODE DIAGRAMS OBTAINED FROM COMPUTED IMPEDANCE.

PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A PLATINUM (PT) BASED CATALYST USING A REDOX POLYMER, POLY (N-METHYLANILINE) (PNMA), AS THE SUPPORT MATERIAL WAS DESCRIBED. PT PARTICLES WERE OBTAINED FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF K2PTCL6 IN THE COMPLEX FORM BY ELECTROCHEMICAL TECHNIQUE. ELECTROCHEMICAL REDUCTION OF PTCL6 2- WAS CARRIED OUT AT THE SURFACE OF PNMA FILM IN H2SO4 SOLUTION. THE PNMA/PT CATALYST SYSTEM SHOWED CATALYTIC ACTIVITY TOWARDS METHANOL OXIDATION IN ACIDIC SOLUTION. CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRY WAS USED FOR THE ELECTROCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE CATALYST SYSTEM. THE CURRENT DENSITY OF THE METHANOL OXIDATION AT CPE/PNMA/PT WAS MEASURED IN OPTIMIZED CONDITIONS. RESULTS SHOW THAT, THE ANODIC PEAK CURRENT OF METHANOL OXIDATION AT A CPE/PNMA/PT IS ABOUT THREE AND HALF TIMES GREATER THAN THAT OBTAINED FOR A CPE/PT, INDICATING THE EFFECT OF PNMA FILM ON THE ELECTRODE REACTION KINETICS.

IN THIS PAPER, NANOTECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS ARE REVIEWED TO BE FABRICATED SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELLS WITH NOVEL STRUCTURES. NANOPARTICLES, NANO POWDERS, NANO-NETWORKS, NANOSTRUCTURES, AND NANO COMPOSITES ARE USED TO MAKE NANOSTRUCTURED LAYERS OF SOLID OXIDE FUELS CELLS AS ANODES, ELECTROLYTES AND CATHODES. THESE NANOSTRUCTURED SOFCS ARE DEMONSTRATED MORE POWER DENSITY AT LOWER OPERATING TEMPERATURE. THESE RESULTS LEAD US TO MAKE NEW EFFECTIVE SOFCS WHICH ARE EXPLOITED NANOTECHNOLOGY TECHNIQUES.

IN THIS RESEARCH, WE REPORTED A NOVEL METHOD FOR SYNTHESIS OF ZSM-5 ZEOLITE. THE SYNTHESIZED ZEOLITE WAS CHARACTERIZED USING X-RAY DIFFRACTOGRAM (XRD), SCANNING ELECTRONIC MICROSCOPY AND FT-IR TECHNIQUES. THE MODIFIED CARBON PASTE ELECTRODE WAS PREPARED BY INCORPORATION OF NI (II)-ZEOLITE IN THE CARBON PAST MATRIX. THE ELECTROCHEMICAL OXIDATION OF METHANOL WAS INVESTIGATED AT THE SURFACE OF THIS MODIFIED ELECTRODE IN ALKALINE SOLUTION USING CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRY AND CHRONOAMPEROMETRY METHODS. IT WAS FOUND THAT METHANOL WAS OXIDIZED BY NIOOH GENERATED WITH FURTHER ELECTROCHEMICAL OXIDATION OF NICKEL HYDROXIDE DURING THE ANODIC POTENTIAL SWEEP. THE EFFECT OF SOME PARAMETERS SUCH AS SCAN RATE OF POTENTIAL, CONCENTRATION OF METHANOL, AMOUNT OF NI (II)-ZEOLITE ON THE OXIDATION OF METHANOL AT THIS ELECTRODE. ALSO, THE RATE CONSTANT FOR THE CATALYTIC REACTION (K) OF METHANOL WAS OBTAINED.

ELECTROCATALYTIC OXIDATION OF METHANOL ON A GLASSY CARBON DISK ELECTRODE MODIFIED WITH NI-SALEN COMPLEX AND THE OTHER ONE MODIFIED WITH CARBON NANOTUBES FUNCTIONALIZED WITH NI-SALEN COMPLEX IN ALKALINE MEDIUM IS STUDIED. CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRY, RDE (ROTATING DISK ELECTRODE) AND CHRONOAMPEROMETRY HAS BEEN EMPLOYED TO CHARACTERIZE ELECTROCATALYTIC OXIDATION OF METHANOL. THESE MODIFIED ELECTRODES SHOWED AN EFFICIENT CATALYTIC ACTIVITY TOWARDS METHANOL OXIDATION.THE RESULT OBTAINED ALLOWED OUR CONCLUSION THAT NI-SALEN EFFECTS ON THE PROPERTIES OF THE CATALYST VIA NI(III) SPECIES. THE EFFECTS OF VARIOUS PARAMETERS SUCH AS METHANOL CONCENTRATION, NI-SALEN COMPLEX CONCENTRATION, NUMBER OF COMPLEX SOLUTION DROPS, POTENTIAL RANGE, TEMPERATURE AND SCAN RATES WERE INVESTIGATED.

IN THIS PAPER, WE PRESENT THE INRFEROMETRY METHOD FOR REFRACTIVE INDEX DETERMINATION IN MEMBRANE OF FUEL CELLS. THIS TECHNIQUE IS BASED ON THE USE OF AN IMPROVED LASER HETERODYNE INTERFEOMETER. THE PHOTOCURRENTS OF THE AVALANCHE PHOTODIODES RESULTING FROM REFLECTED BEAMS OF OPTICAL HEAD IS LED TO THE SIGNAL CONDITIONER AND DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING SECTIONS. THE OPTICAL PATH DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE TARGET AND REFERENCE PATHS IS FIXED, AND AS A RESULT, THE PHASE SHIFT IS CALCULATED IN TERMS OF THE REFRACTIVE INDEX.

AIR INDEPENDENT PROPULSION (AIP) IMPROVES THE UNDERWATER PERFORMANCE OF CONVENTIONAL DIESEL ELECTRIC SUBMARINES AND UNMANNED UNDERSEA VEHICLE (UUV). MANY DIFFERENT TYPES OF AIP SYSTEMS ARE BEING CONSIDERED, EITHER FOR INTEGRATION INTO NEW SECTION OR PLUG. FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGY IS AN AIP SYSTEM THAT MUCH BROADER IN UNDERSEA APPLICATION THAN OTHER AIP SYSTEMS. FUEL CELLS CHEMICALLY CONVERT FUELS INTO DIRECT CURRENT ELECTRICAL ENERGY AND UNLIKE HEAT ENGINES, ARE NOT LIMITED BY THE CARNOT CYCLE. MANY DIFFERENT TYPES OF FUEL CELL USED FROM THE FIRST UP TO NOW IN UNDERSEA APPLICATION. THIS PAPER SURVEYS THE VARIOUS TYPES OF FUEL CELL SYSTEMS AND ASSESSES THEM AGAINST THE AIP REQUIREMENTS.

LARGE NUMBERS OF EXPERIMENTS ARE OFTEN NEEDED TO FIND THE EFFECTS OF THE PARAMETERS ON PERFORMANCE OF PEMFC, BUT IT IS WELL KNOWN THAT PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE WERE THE EFFECTIVE PARAMETERS IN PERFORMANCE OF FUEL CELL. IN THIS STUDY, THE GENETIC ALGORITHM WAS APPLIED TO DETERMINE WORKING CONDITIONS THAT OBTAINING MAXIMUM POWER DENSITY OF A PEMFC. A QUASI TWO DIMENSIONAL, ISOTHERMAL MODEL WAS USED FOR THE PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE (PEM) FUEL CELL AS FITNESS FUNCTION OF GENETIC ALGORITHM AND EXPERIMENTAL SETUP WAS DEVELOPED TO VALIDATION OF THAT MODELING. AT LAST THE BEST VALUES OF PARAMETERS WERE DETERMINED.

SYNTHESIS OF CARBON-SUPPORTED PT/C CATALYSTS USING A NEW PREPARATION TECHNIQUE, A WATER-IN-OIL MICROEMULSION OR REVERSE MICELLE METHOD, IS REPORTED. THE INFLUENCE OF THE CETYL-TRIMETHYLAMMONIUM BROMIDE (CTAB) CONCENTRATION, AS A SURFACTANT, OVER THE REVERSE MICELLES SIZE AND THEN OVER THE PT NANOPARTICLE SIZE WAS STUDIED. THE CATALYSTS WERE CHARACTERIZED BY ELECTROCHEMICAL AND SURFACE TECHNIQUES SUCH AS: CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRY, CHRONOAMPEROMETRY, LINEAR SWEEP VOLTAMMETRY IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY, X-RAY DIFFRACTION AND SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE. SURFACE AND ELECTROCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATIONS SHOWED THAT PT NANOPARTICLES ON CATALYSTS WERE SYNTHESIZED SINCE THE REVERSE MICELLE METHOD WAS USED. THE PERFORMANCE OF THE PT/C CATALYSTS WAS TESTED BY THE ROTATING DISK ELECTRODE AND 3-ELECTRODE TECHNIQUES. A TREND OF CATALYTIC ACTIVITY FOR OXYGEN REDUCTION REACTION (ORR) WAS OBTAINED: PT/C(CTAB 0.11M) > PT/C(CTAB 0.22M) > PT/C(CTAB 0.055M) > PT/C(CTAB 0.5M) > PT/C(CTAB 0.022M), SHOWING THAT PT/C(CTAB 0.11M) CATALYST HAD A BEST CATALYTIC ACTIVITY FOR ORR.

A SERIES OF NANO-COMPOSITE POLYMER MEMBRANES BASED ON POLY(VINYL ALCOHOL)/ TITANIUM OXIDE (PVA/TIO2) WERE PREPARED BY ELECTRO SPINNING TECHNIQUE. ELECTRO SPINNING IS AN EASY METHOD FOR PREPARING POLYMER MEMBRANES WHICH ARE MADE UP OF ULTRAFINE FIBERS WITH DIAMETERS IN THE RANGE OF FEW NANOMETERS TO SUBMICROMETERS. GLUTARALDEHYDE (GA) WAS USED AS A CROSS LINKING AGENT IN ORDER TO IMPROVE CHEMICAL, THERMAL AND MECHANICAL STABILITIES. THE CROSSLINKED PVA/TIO2 NANO-COMPOSITE POLYMER MEMBRANES WERE CHARACTERIZED BY USING OPTICAL MICROSCOPY, SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY (SEM), ELECTROCHEMICAL TECHNIQUES AND NELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY. RESULTS INDICATED THAT THE THIN NANO COMPOSITE POLYMERS HAD GOOD STABILITY IN ALKALINE SOLUTION AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES UNDER 80OC. SAMPLES INVESTIGATIONS ALSO DEMONSTRATED THAT THE ELECTRO SPINNING TECHNIQUE IS A POWERFUL TECHNIQUE IN ORDER TO CONTROL THE THICKNESS OF THE NANO-FIBERS MEMBRANES AND THE POROSITY OF MEMBRANE WHICH ARE PROMISING CANDIDATES IN DIFFERENT APPLICATIONS SUCH AS DAFCS ELECTROLYTE, GAS PURIFICATION MEMBRANE, ELECTROLYZERS MEMBRANE.

THE ELECTROSYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POLY (ANILINE AND ITS DERIVATIVES) ON THE PRETREATED ALUMINUM (AL/PT), PLATINUM PLATED ALUMINUM (AL-PT) AND COMMON PT ELECTRODES WERE INVESTIGATED. THE ELECTROOXIDATION OF METHANOL WAS STUDIED BY CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRY IN 0.1M SULFURIC ACID AS SUPPORTING ELECTROLYTE. ENHANCED ELECTROCATALYTIC ACTIVITY TOWARD THE OXIDATION OF METHANOL WAS NOTICED WHEN THE BULK PT AND AL-PT OR PT-PT WERE COVERED BY POLYAMINOANILINES AND POLYHYDROXYANILINES FILMS DUE TO THE PERMSELECTIVITY AND PERMEABILITY OF THEIR FILMS FOR METHANOL MOLECULES. A HIGH CATALYTIC CURRENT RELATED TO METHANOL OXIDATION WAS FOUND FOR THE POLYMER MODIFIED ELECTRODES WHEN PT NANO-PARTICLES WERE EMBEDDED INTO THE POLYMER FILMS REFERRED TO AS POLYMERS-STABILIZED PT NANO-PARTICLES. THE ENHANCED ELECTROCATALYTIC ACTIVITY MIGHT BE DUE TO THE DISPERSION OF PT NANO-PARTICLES INTO THE POLYMER MATRIXES AND THE SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS BETWEEN THE DISPERSED PT PARTICLES AND THEIR MATRIXES.

THIS STUDY PRESENTS A THERMAL AND ELECTROCHEMICAL MODEL TO EVALUATE THE PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF A TUBULAR SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL. BUTLER-VOLMER EQUATION, FICK’S LOW AND OHM LOW ARE USED TO DETERMINE THE POLARIZATION TERMS. ALL THE VARIATION OF TUBULAR SOFC’S OPERATIONAL CONDITION SUCH AS OPERATING PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE IN ELECTROCHEMICAL PROCESSES IS TAKEN INTO CONSIDERATION. THE EFFECTS OF THE CELL GEOMETRY, MATERIAL PROPERTIES, TEMPERATURE, PRESSURE AND CURRENT DENSITY ON CELL PERFORMANCE IS ANALYZED BY A PARAMETRIC STUDY. THE PROVIDED MODEL IS SIMPLE AND CAN BE USED IN A SYSTEM SIMULATION TOOL DESIGNED TO ANALYSIS OF ANY COMBINED ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEM INCLUDED SOFC. THE MODEL PREDICTS THE EFFECTS OF THE INPUT GAS STATE VARIABLES PRESSURE, TEMPERATURE ON THE CELL OUTPUT VOLTAGE AND PERFORMANCE. IT IS SEEN FROM MODEL RESULTS THAT OPERATING CONDITIONS ARE AN IMPORTANT PART OF AN OPTIMAL SOFC PERFORMANCE. THEREFORE, THEIR CHANGE DURING OPERATION, CHANGES THE PERFORMANCE CONSIDERABLY. IN ADDITION, CONCENTRATION POLARIZATION IS AN IMPORTANT KEY ASSOCIATED WITH LIMITING CURRENT DENSITY.

PHYSISORPTION OF MOLECULAR HYDROGEN ON PRISTINE SINGLE-WALLED CARBON NANOTUBE AND THREE TYPES OF TOPOLOGICALLY DEFECTED NANOTUBES (STONE-WALES, VACANCY AND INTERSTITIAL DEFECTS) AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES 77, 300 AND 600 K HAS BEEN INVESTIGATED VIA MOLECULAR DYNAMICS SIMULATION. THE APPLIED INTERMOLECULAR FORCES ARE MODELED USING THE MODIFIED FORM OF THE WELL-KNOWN LENNARD-JONES POTENTIAL BASED ON THE NANOTUBE CURVATURE. THE ADSORPTION/DESORPTION CYCLE WAS FOLLOWED BY INCREASING THE OPERATING TEMPERATURE UNDER THE PRESSURE OF 1 BAR. THE SIMULATION RESULTS OF EXPOSING 6.5%WT OF H2 ON DEFECTED AND PRISTINE (3,3) NANOTUBES REVEAL THAT THE HIGHEST AND LOWEST ADSORPTION ENERGIES AND STORAGE CAPACITIES ARE OBTAINED FROM THE NANOTUBES WITH INTERSTITIAL AND VACANCY DEFECTS, RESPECTIVELY.

A NEW CATALYST WAS PREPARED IN WHICH PLATINUM PARTICLES WERE DISTRIBUTED INTO A POLY (1,5-DIAMINONAPHTHALENE) FILM ONTO GLASSY CARBON ELECTRODE. CATALYTIC ACTIVITY AND STABILITY OF THIS MODIFIED ELECTRODE TOWARD TO OXIDATION OF METHANOL WERE STUDIED USING CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRY. FOR COMPARATIVE PURPOSES, SODIUM HYDROXIDE AND SULFURIC ACID SOLUTIONS WERE USED AS TESTING SOLUTIONS. THIS MODIFIED ELECTRODE SHOWS SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENT BEHAVIOR IN ACIDIC AND ALKALINE SOLUTIONS. ENHANCED ELECTROCATALYTIC ACTIVITY TOWARD THE OXIDATION OF METHANOL WAS NOTICED WHEN NAOH (1.0 M) SOLUTION WAS USED AS SUPPORTING ELECTROLYTE. A HIGH CATALYTIC CURRENT DENSITY FOR METHANOL OXIDATION (0.208 ACM-2) WAS FOUND FOR THE 1.0 M NAOH SOLUTIONS IN COMPARISON TO 0.5 M H2SO4 SOLUTIONS (0.041 ACM-2).

IN THIS WORK, THE EFFECT OF MULTI-WALL CARBON NANOTUBES (MWCNT) AT MICRO POROUS LAYER (MPL) ON ELECTRODE PERFORMANCE WAS STUDIED. WE UTILIZED DIFFERENT PERCENTAGES OF MWCNT AND VULCANXC-72R AT THE MPL OF GAS-DIFFUSION ELECTRODE (GDE) WITH SAME PT LOADING IN THE CATALYST LAYER. THE PERFORMANCE OF THE ELECTRODES IN OXYGEN REDUCTION REACTION (ORR) IS TESTED AND THE STRUCTURE OF MPL IS DISTINGUISHED BY DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES OUR RESULTS INDICATE THAT MWCNT AT MPL MAKES THE PERFORMANCE OF GDE INCREASES SINCE THE FOLLOWING CONDITION EXIST 80 WT% MWCNT AND 20 WT% VULCANXC- 72R WITH PT LOADING 0.5 MG.CM-2.

POLY ORTHO-AMINOPHENOL (POAP) WAS PREPARED BY OPTIMUM SUCCESSIVE REPEATED CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRY IN MONOMER SOLUTION ON THE SURFACE OF A GRAPHITE ELECTRODE. THE ELECTROCHEMICAL BEHAVIOR OF THE POAP/C ELECTRODE HAS BEEN INVESTIGATED BY CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRY IN INCIPIENT SOLUTION WITHOUT MONOMER AS THE SUPPORTING ELECTROLYTE. NI (II) IONS WERE INTERPOLATING INTO THE ELECTRODE BY THIS PROCEDURE: IMMERSION OF THE POLYMERIC MODIFIED ELECTRODE HAVING AMINE GROUPS IN 0.7 M NI (II) ION SOLUTION. THE CHANGE OF THE TRANSITION TIME (T) OF DISPERSION NICKEL BY A CONDUCTING POLYMER CAN MODIFY THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DEPOSITION PROCESS AND THUS THE FEATURES OF THE ELECTRO-OXIDATION BEHAVIOR ITSELF. CONSECUTIVE CYCLIC VOLTAMMOGRAMS (CV) OF A NI/POAP/C ELECTRODE IN 0.1 M NAOH SOLUTION RECORDED AT A POTENTIAL SWEEP RATE OF 100 MVS-1 GIVEN AS A REQUIREMENT NI+2 / NI+3 REDOX COUPLE IN ALKALINE MEDIA, NI SITES ARE CONSIDERED TO BE RESPONSIBLE FOR THE ELECTRO-OXIDATION OF ORGANIC MOLECULES. IN VIEW OF THIS WORK, THE ELECTROCATALYTIC OXIDATION OF METHANOL ON POLY (O-AMINOPHENOL) MATRIX WITH DISPERSED NICKEL PARTICLES IN ALKALINE MEDIA WAS UNDERTAKEN AND THE RESULTS OF. ALTHOUGH POAP IS NON-CONDUCTING IN ALKALINE MEDIUM BUT BECAUSE OF ITS POROUS NATURE IT IS A VERY GOOD MATRIX FOR THE DISPERSION OF CATALYTIC PARTICLES WHICH ARE ESSENTIALLY RESPONSIBLE FOR THE ELECTROCATALYTIC OXIDATION OF METHANOL IN ALKALINE MEDIUM. ADHESION BETWEEN THE POLYMER AND METAL LAYERS COULD BE ENHANCED BY CHEMICAL FICTIONALIZATION OF THE SURFACE POLYMER CHAINS. IN THIS WORK WE INVESTIGATED BEST OF TRANSITION TIME (T) FOR IMMERSE MODIFIED ELECTRODE FOR REASON DISPERSING NICKEL ON A POLY(O-AMINOPHENOL) (POAP) MODIFIED GRAPHITE ELECTRODE REVEALED A STRONG INFLUENCE ON THE PROCESS OF THE CONDUCTING STRANDS IN A POORLY CONDUCTING POLYMERIC MATRIX. ELECTROCATALYTIC OXIDATION OF METHANOL ON THE SURFACE OF MODIFIED ELECTRODE WAS INVESTIGATED WITH CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRY AND CHRONOAMPEROMETRY METHODS, AND THE DEPENDENCE OF THE OXIDATION CURRENT AND SHAPE OF CYCLIC VOLTAMMOGRAMS ON METHANOL CONCENTRATION WERE DISCUSSED. BY USING THE CHRONOAMPEROMETRIC METHOD, THE CATALYTIC RATE CONSTANTS FOR METHANOL WAS ESTIMATED.

THIS ARTICLE PROVIDES AN OVERVIEW OF INNOVATION PROCESSES HAVE BEEN TAKEN IN THE FIELD OF FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGY (FCT) IN IRAN. FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGY IS A GENERIC TECHNOLOGY WITH WIDE VARIETY AREAS OF APPLICATION IN AUTOMOBILE AND ENERGY PRODUCTION BOTH FOR INDUSTRIAL AND RESIDENTIAL PURPOSES AND ALSO IT IS EXPECTED TO HAVE A LARGE SOCIETAL IMPACT ON THE FUTURE SOCIETY. IN THIS ARTICLE CONCERNING DECISION CRITERIA SUCH AS THE ROLE OF COOPERATING ACTORS AT NATIONAL LEVEL AND THEIR INTERACTIONS, AN INNOVATION SURVEY HAS BEEN DRAWN ON THE BASIS OF NATIONAL INNOVATION SYSTEM (NIS) APPROACH. IN THIS REGARD, IN ADDITION TO MONITORING THE ACTIVITIES IN DEVELOPMENT OF FCT, WE HAVE EXPLORED RELATED TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS IN THIS FIELD. THESE INNOVATION SURVEYS TRY TO DEAL WITH TWO CHALLENGES. FIRSTLY, WHAT CHARACTERIZED FC TECHNOLOGY INNOVATION IN IRAN? AND SECONDLY, HOW CAN NUMEROUS ACTORS BE MAINTAINED AND DUPLICATION AVOIDED IN AN NIS? FINALLY OUR CONCLUDING REMARKS OF THE INNOVATION SURVEYS ARE ANALYZING AND MAPPING THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT, INDUSTRY, ACADEMIA AND THEIR INTERACTIONS BESIDE SOME SUGGESTIONS FOR MODIFYING IRANIAN FC SYSTEM OF INNOVATION.

THIS RESEARCH IS AIMED TO INCREASE THE ACTIVITY OF ANODIC CATALYSTS FOR FORMALDEHYDE ELECTRO OXIDATION. THE ELECTRO CATALYTIC OXIDATION OF FORMALDEHYDE ON NICKEL PARTICLES ELECTRODEPOSITED INTO POLY (M-TOLUIDINE) FILM ON CARBON PASTE ELECTRODE IN THE ABSENCE AND PRESENCE OF CETYLTRIMETHYL AMMONIUM BROMIDE (CTAB) HAS BEEN INVESTIGATED. AND THE GENERAL ELECTROCHEMICAL BEHAVIOR WAS CHARACTERIZED BY CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRY IN ALKALINE MEDIA. IN ALKALINE MEDIUM (I.E. NAOH 0.1 M) A GOOD REDOX BEHAVIOR OF NI (III)/NI (II) COUPLE AT THE SURFACE OF NI/POLY (M-TOLUIDINE) MODIFIED CARBON PASTE ELECTRODE (NI/PMT/MCPE) IN (NI/CTAB-PMT/MCPE) SYSTEM CAN BE OBSERVED. THE RESULTS SHOW THAT NI/CTAB-PMT/MCPE SYSTEM EXHIBITS A SIGNIFICANT ELECTROCATALYTIC ACTIVITY TOWARDS OXIDATION OF FORMALDEHYDE.

NICKEL-POLYPYRROLE MODIFIED GRAPHITE ELECTRODES (G/NIPPY) PREPARED BY VOLTAMMETRICE DEPOSITION WERE EXAMINED FOR THEIR REDOX PROCESS AND ELECTROCATALYTIC ACTIVITIES TOWARDS THE OXIDATION OF ETHANOL IN ALKALINE SOLUTIONS. THE METHODS OF CYCLIC VOLTAMMETERY (CV), CHRONOAMPEROMETRY (CA) AND IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY (EIS) WERE EMPLOYED. THE CYCLIC VOLTAMMOGRAM OF G/NIPPY DEMONSTRATES THE FORMATION OF A/B CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC FORMS OF THE NICKEL OXYHYDROXIDE UNDER PROLONGED REPETITIVE POTENTIAL CYCLING IN ALKALINE SOLUTION. IN CV STUDIES, IN THE PRESENCE OF ETHANOL G/NIPPY MODIFIED ELECTRODE SHOWS A SIGNIFICANTLY HIGHER RESPONSE FOR ETHANOL OXIDATION. THE PEAK CURRENT OF THE OXIDATION OF NICKEL HYDROXIDE INCREASE IS FOLLOWED BY A DECREASE IN THE CORRESPONDING CATHODIC CURRENT IN PRESENCE OF ETHANOL. THE ANODIC PEAK CURRENTS SHOW LINEAR DEPENDENCY WITH THE SQUARE ROOT OF SCAN RATE. THIS BEHAVIOR IS THE CHARACTERISTIC OF A DIFFUSION CONTROLLED PROCESS. UNDER THE CA REGIME THE REACTION FOLLOWED A COTTRELLIAN BEHAVIOR AND THE DIFFUSION COEFFICIENT OF ETHANOL WAS FOUND TO BE 2.4×10-6 CM2 S-1. A MECHANISM BASED ON THE ELECTRO-CHEMICAL GENERATION OF NI3+ ACTIVE SITES AND THEIR SUBSEQUENT CONSUMPTIONS BY ETHANOL HAVE BEEN DISCUSSED AND THE CORRESPONDING RATE LAW UNDER THE CONTROL OF CHARGE TRANSFER HAS BEEN DEVELOPED AND KINETIC PARAMETERS HAVE BEEN DERIVED. THE CHARGE TRANSFER RESISTANCE ACCESSIBLE BOTH THEORETICALLY AND THROUGH THE EIS HAVE BEEN USED AS CRITERIA FOR DEVIATION OF RATE CONSTANT.