URBAN PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT CONFERENCE | Year:2013 | دوره:5 |Papers Count:2

INCREASING WORLD POPULATION, ESPECIALLY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES HAS HAD MANY SERIOUS PROBLEMS. THE RAPID GROWTH OF URBANIZATION AND EXPANDING URBAN BOUNDARIES IS MUCH FASTER THAN ITS POPULATION GROWTH AND INFRASTRUCTURE FACILITIES DEVELOPMENT RATIO. IN TEHRAN, THE CAPITAL OF IRAN, EXCESSIVE PHYSICAL GROWTH GOT TO BE A COMPLICATED ISSUE. SPATIAL CHAOS, LACK OF URBAN UTILITIES, AIR POLLUTION, TRAFFIC CONGESTION, SEIZING AGRICULTURAL LAND, MARGINALIZATION, INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS, INSECURITY AND SOCIAL SEGREGATION, ETC. HAVE EMERGED AS OUTCOMES. THIS UNCONTROLLED SCATTERED HORIZONTAL URBAN GROWTH IS KNOWN AS URBAN SPRAWL. HOWEVER, THERE ARE DISSIMILARITIES BETWEEN GENERAL VIEW OF THIS PHENOMENON IN WESTERN AND IRANIAN SOCIETIES. MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL THE URBAN BOUNDARIES ARE INEVITABLE. IN ORDER TO CONTROL THIS GROWTH, DIFFERENT POLICIES IN DIFFERENT COUNTRIES SUGGESTED WHICH THE MOST IMPORTANT OF THEM IS THE URBAN CONTAINMENT POLICIES (UCP). GREENBELT AS AN URBAN CONTAINMENT POLICY CAN PROTECT THE OPEN SPACES AROUND THE CITY FROM URBAN CONSTRUCTION. BUT, DUE TO SOME SORT OF CIRCUMSTANCES THIS POLICY WAS NOT SUCCESSFUL IN TEHRAN. THIS PAPER TRIES TO REPRESENT DIFFERENT KINDS OF URBAN CONTAINMENT POLICIES AND ALSO INTRODUCE THE EXPERIENCE OF APPLYING GREENBELT POLICY IN TEHRAN METROPOLITAN AREA.

IN OUR COUNTRY, AS IN THE MOST COUNTRIES AROUND THE WORLD, THE INTERNET AND OTHER INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES (ICT) ARE MAINLY USED BY YOUNG, EDUCATED, WELL PAID AND URBAN CONSUMERS. ELDERLY, LOW-EDUCATED, LOW-PAID AND MARGINALIZED RESIDENTS (WHO ALSO KNOWN AS MARGINAL IN THIS PAPER) ARE AMONG THOSE WHO USE THE ICT, ESPECIALLY INTERNET THE LEAST. THIS IS THE REASON THAT IN TODAY'S POST-MODERN NETWORK SOCIETY AND GLOBALIZED WORLD THEY ARE AT THE RISK OF SOCIAL EXCLUSION.THIS PAPER IS AIMED AT THE ANALYSIS OF ICT DIFFUSION IN NEW ESTABLISHED COMMUNITIES OF IRAN, EXPLORING THE MAIN SOCIAL PATTERNS OF DIFFUSION AND CHARACTERISTICS OF NEW ESTABLISHED COMMUNITIES INTERNET USERS. THE STUDY IS BASED ON FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSIONS AND 300 QUESTIONNAIRE-BASED SURVEY OF RESIDENTS IN SELECTED NEW CITIES GOLBAHAR AND BINALOOD IN NORTH-EAST OF IRAN. THE PAPER DISCUSSES TYPES OF CHANGE AGENTS INVOLVED IN THE PROCESSES OF ICT DIFFUSION IN NEW ESTABLISHED COMMUNITIES AND THE MAIN MOTIVES FOR USING THE COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES. IT ALSO EXPLORES THE IMPACT OF ICT ON WAYS OF PRIVATE COMMUNICATION AND COMMUNICATION WITH RELEVANT PUBLIC AUTHORITIES, DISCUSSES BOTH POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE ATTITUDES TO ICT USE IN EVERYDAY LIFE ACTIVITIES.