INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MODERN RESEARCH IN CIVIL ENGINEERING, ARCHITECTURAL, AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT | Year:2016 | دوره:4 |Papers Count:12

THE MOST IMPORTANT ISSUE IN THE DESIGN OF HIGH-RISE BUILDING IS THE LATERAL LOAD SYSTEM THAT ACCORDINGLY, THE SELECTION OF A STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS THAT CAN DUCTILITY, STIFFNESS, AND SUFFICIENT RESISTANCE BASED ON VALID REGULATIONS PROVIDE IS THE MOST IMPORTANT PRINCIPLE IN THE FIELD OF HIGH-RISE BUILDING BECAUSE THE PARAMETERS OF STIFFNESS, DUCTILITY AND STRUCTURAL RESISTANCE WILL CHANGE WITH VARIATION THE TYPE OF LATERAL LOAD SYSTEMS A RELATIVELY LARGE AMOUNT. THEREFORE, IN THIS STUDY, TWO STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS TUBE AND DIAGRID IN SIMILAR STRUCTURES (IN PLAN, HEIGHT, LOADING, ETC) WITH 30 AND 38 FLOORS HAS BEEN MODELLED IN SOFTWARE ABAQUS AND AFTER THE CALCULATION OF EARTHQUAKE FACTORS ON STRUCTURES MENTIONED (BY PROGRAM WRITTEN IN MATLAB BASED ON 2800 REGULATION). ANALYSIS OF STATIC AND LINER DYNAMIC AND NONLINEAR STATIC (PUSHOVER), RESPECTIVELY IS DONE ON STRUCTURES 30 AND 38 FLOORS OF THE DIAGRID AND 30 AND 38 FLOORS OF THE TUBE AND FINALLY AFTER ANALYSING OF 4 STRUCTURE STUDIED, THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES AND RELATIVE SUPERIORITY OF THE TWO SYSTEMS LATERAL LOAD IN STRUCTURES MENTIONED BASED ON STIFFNESS PARAMETERS, RELATIVE DISPLACEMENT, DUCTILITY AND RESISTANCE COMPARED WITH EACH OTHER. THE IMPORTANCE OF THIS COMPARISON IS THAT BASED ON ITS FINDING CAN BE DETERMINED THE SYSTEM SUITABLE LATERAL LOAD BASED ON THE SEISMIC HAZARD AT THE SITE OF CONSTRUCTION. THE RESULTS OF THE ABOVE ANALYSIS SHOW THAT THE DIAGRID STRUCTURES HAVE STIFFNESS HIGHER THAN THE TUBE STRUCTURES BUT ITS PLASTICITY IS LOWER THAN THAT THE TUBE SYSTEM.

THE DYNAMIC RESPONSE OF FLEXIBLE FIVE-STORY BUILDING SUPPORTED ON THE VARIABLE FREQUENCY PENDULUM ISOLATOR (VFPI) UNDER BI-DIRECTIONAL NEAR-FAULT GROUND MOTIONS IS INVESTIGATED. IN ORDER TO VERIFY THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE VFPI, THE SEISMIC RESPONSES ARE COMPARED WITH THE FRICTION PENDULUM SYSTEM (FPS) AND VARIABLE FRICTION PENDULUM SYSTEM (VFPS). THE RESPONSE OF THE SYSTEM WITH BI-DIRECTIONAL INTERACTION IS COMPARED WITH THOSE WITHOUT INTERACTION IN ORDER TO INVESTIGATE THE EFFECTS OF BI-DIRECTIONAL INTERACTION OF FRICTIONAL FORCES. MOREOVER, A PARAMETRIC STUDY IS CARRIED OUT TO CRITICALLY EXAMINE THE INFLUENCE OF IMPORTANT PARAMETERS ON BI-DIRECTIONAL INTERACTION OF THE FRICTIONAL FORCES OF THE VFPI. FROM THE ABOVE INVESTIGATIONS, IT IS CONCLUDED THAT UNDER BI-DIRECTIONAL NEAR-FAULT GROUND MOTIONS, THE ISOLATOR DISPLACEMENT IN THE VFPI IS MORE THAN THAT OF THE VFPS AND THE FPS WHEREAS THE TOP FLOOR ABSOLUTE ACCELERATION AND THE BASE SHEAR ARE LESS THAN THAT OF THE VFPS AND THE FPS. FURTHERMORE, IF THE BI-DIRECTIONAL INTERACTIONS OF FRICTIONAL FORCES OF THE VFPI ARE IGNORED, THE ISOLATOR DISPLACEMENTS WILL BE UNDER PREDICTED AND SUPERSTRUCTURE ACCELERATION AND BASE SHEAR WILL BE OVER PREDICTED.

THERE ARE DIFFERENT FACTORS SUCH AS TOPOGRAPHY, CLIMATE FEATURES, ECONOMY, LIVELIHOOD, WATER RESOURCES, ETC. LEADING TO THE FORMATION OF DIFFERENT URBAN FORMS IN BOTH RURAL AND URBAN FABRICS IN IRAN. OVER THE CENTURIES, SPECIFIC CLIMATIC AND GEOGRAPHICAL CONDITIONS OF THIS LAND ALONG WITH PASTS’ INTELLIGENCE IN UTILIZING NATURAL RESOURCES AND PRESERVING THEM HELPED TO EMERGE ARCHITECTURE. CURRENT CRISES SUCH AS CLIMATE CHANGE AND SHORT OF RESOURCES HAVE LED ARCHITECTS TO DECODE THE VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE OF DIFFERENT AREAS, ADAPTED ITS ACHIEVEMENTS TO THE MODERN NEEDS, AND SO MOVED A STEP CLOSER TO ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE. SINCE THE BASIC CAUSE OF ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION CAN BE TRACED IN THE FIELD OF ARCHITECTURE AND URBAN PLANNING AND AS THE HOUSE IS THE MOST FUNDAMENTAL UNIT IN ARCHITECTURE AND URBANIZATION, THIS ARTICLE AIMED AT ANALYZING VERNACULAR RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS OF SHIRAZ, WHICH IS ASSUMED TO MEET THE ENVIRONMENTAL AND BIOLOGICAL COMFORT IN THE PAST, AND EXAMINED ITS CLOSENESS TO THE PRINCIPLES OF SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE. TO THIS END, SIX HISTORICAL BUILDINGS (FROM QAJAR DYNASTY AND BEFORE IT) WERE SELECTED RANDOMLY. LIBRARY RESEARCH AND FIELD OBSERVATION HAVE BEEN CONDUCTED. THE RESULTS INDICATED THAT THE VERNACULAR BUILDINGS OF SHIRAZ HAD THE HIGHEST CONFORMITY WITH THE PRINCIPLES OF SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE.

ONE OF THE MAIN PROBLEMS OF THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT IS THE TENDENCY OF RURAL AND URBAN LOW-INCOME PEOPLE TO THE MARGINAL PARTS OF CITIES TO AVOID UNEVEN ECONOMIC AND URBAN INEQUALITY. THE ISSUES OF THESE INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS NOT ONLY GOES BACK TO THEMSELVES BUT ALSO BE FOUND IN THE CITY THEY ARE SET. ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT APPROACHES AND PRACTICES THAT IS RAISED BASED ON THE LATEST DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN EXPERIENCE IN ORDER TO DEAL WITH THIS PHENOMENON, IS “EMPOWERMENT” WHICH EMPHASIZES ON PARTICIPATION OF THE RESIDENTS OF THESE NEIGHBORHOODS. ONE EXAMPLE OF THIS TYPE OF SETTLEMENTS WERE SELECTED AS AN INFORMAL SETTLEMENT IN TABRIZ, IS KHALIL ABAD QUARTER WHERE WAS EXAMINED IN THIS STUDY. IN THIS RESEARCH, SCIENTIFIC METHODS OF INVESTIGATION IN ORDER TO COLLECT INFORMATION FROM QUESTIONNAIRES, INTERVIEWS AND REVIEWS OF DOCUMENTATION HAVE BEEN USED. OF THE 6075 FAMILIES OF THE QUARTER, 400 FAMILIES WERE RANDOMLY CHOSEN AND INTERVIEWED. FROM STATISTICAL DATA ANALYSIS WITH QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS, SIGNIFICANT RESULTS WERE OBTAINED INCLUDING THAT THE DISTRICT HAS HAD MANY PROBLEMS IN TERMS OF PHYSICAL, SOCIAL, ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL AND STILL IS AN IMMIGRATION SPOT AND MANY CAPITATIONS IN THE REGION ARE VERY FAR FROM STANDARDS. TO REMEDY THE SITUATION, POVERTY REDUCTION AND EMPOWERMENT OF ZONE- INHIBITION OF THE VOLATILITY GROWTH IN THE REGION, ARE THE MOST PRIOR ONES. THE REALIZATION OF ENFORCEMENT ACTIONS IN THIS AREA, NEEDS TO CONSULT ALL RELEVANT INSTITUTIONS INVOLVED IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CITY AND THE PLAN FOR DEVELOPMENT IS NOT LIMITED TO PHYSICAL PLANNING ONLY AND BY URBAN DEVELOPMENT, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT DIMENSION WILL ALSO BE INCLUDED WHICH NEEDS TO KNOW THE RESIDENTS AND THEIR CITY . THIS MEANS THE URBAN POOR MUST BE EMPOWERED TO HAVE A KEY ROLE IN URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES. (GARAU 2005)

PRESENCE OF AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY CAN BE AN INDICATOR FOR ASSESSING INDUSTRIAL STATUS OF A COUNTRY, BECAUSE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY PRACTICALLY ENHANCES THE KNOWLEDGE LEVEL IN THE COUNTY AND AFTER A WHILE A COUNTRY EQUIPPED WITH THIS INDUSTRY CAN BE ENABLED IN TENS OF OTHER FIELDS. FEATURING BY HIGH LEVEL OF FINANCIAL POWER, THIS INDUSTRY CAN INCREASE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES AND PURCHASING TECHNICAL SCIENCE FROM OUTSIDE AND AS DISCUSSED EARLIER, THIS BRINGS ABOUT DEVELOPMENT ACROSS OTHER SECTORS. EXISTENCE OF MUSEUM AND CAR EXHIBITION IS ONE OF CULTURAL NECESSITIES AND CONSIDERING THE ACTIVITY AND INFLUENCE AREA, IT CAN BE CONSIDERED AS A HUGE SCHOOL SERVING EDUCATION AND EXPANSION OF SCIENCE AMONG ALL SOCIETY MEMBERS. MEANWHILE, ATTENTION TO EMPIRICAL SCIENCES AND HUMAN EXPERIENCE IN INDUSTRY AGE IS A FACTOR OF FORMATION OF MUSEUM AND FAIRS. CONSIDERING THE RELEVANCE OF THIS INDUSTRY, ARCHITECTURES AND DESIGNERS BELIEVE THAT DESIGNS INSPIRED FROM NATURE CAN EFFECTIVELY ASSIST IN REDUCTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL HARMS. BIONICS, OR BIOMETRICS OR CREATIVE BIOENGINEERING APPLIES EXISTING BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOUND IN NATURE IN ENGINEERING AND MODERN TECHNOLOGY SYSTEMS.

THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT AND CONSEQUENTLY VEHICULAR TRANSPORT HAS A SIGNIFICANT IMPACT ON PUBLIC HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY. ALSO VEHICULAR TRANSPORT AS AN IMPACT OF BUILT ENVIRONMENT IS ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT SOURCE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL DECAY SUCH AS NOISE POLLUTION IN CITY CENTERS. SO, ONE OF THE TRANSPORT SCHEMES LIKE PEDESTRIANIZATION CAN HAVE A SIGNIFICANT IMPACT ON ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY AND IMPROVE NOISE POLLUTION CONDITION. THIS PAPER SHOWS, TO WHAT EXTENT THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF PEDETRIANIZATION SCHEME HAS INFLUENCE ON REDUCING NOISE POLLUTION LEVEL AT TEHRAN’ CITY CENTER.THERE IS A DIRECT INTERACTION BETWEEN MAN, HUMAN HEALTH, ENVIRONMENT QUALITY, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND PEDESTRIANISATION. THE RESULTS OF THE SURVEY SUGGEST THAT THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PEDESTRIANISATION IN TEHRAN'S CITY CENTER HAS BEEN VERY SUCCESSFUL. AS A RESULT WAS FOUNDED AN INCREASE IN WALKABILITY TO BE ASSOCIATED WITH AN INCREASE IN TIME SPENT IN PHYSICALLY ACTIVE TRAVEL, FEWER VEHICLE MILES TRAVELED, FEWER GRAMS OF OXIDES OF NITROGEN (NOX) EMITTED, AND FEWER GRAMS OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (VOC) EMITTED.

IT IS PAST MORE THAN FORTY YEARS FROM ENTERING HEAVY CONSTRUCTION AND MINING MACHINERIES TO CYCLE OF ACTIVITY AND CONSTRUCTION IN IRAN AND ALWAYS WAS GIVEN SPECIAL ATTENTION TO THESE MACHINERIES AS A COMMODITY ASSET IN ORGANIZATIONS. OUTPUT OF MACHINERIES WAS DEPEND ON DIFFERENT FACTORS SUCH AS TYPE AND BUILDING MACHINERY, PHYSICAL CONDITIONS, OPERATORS, COMPLETE MANAGEMENT AND COORDINATION BETWEEN ALL FACTORS; WHEREAS EACH MACHINE DURING ITS LIFE TIME IS REPAIRED PARTIALLY OR WHOLLY AND ALL ITS COST IS DEPEND ON SOME FACTORS SUCH AS DELIVERY OF MACHINERIES, WORK DIFFICULTY, NUMBER OF HOURS OF OPERATION PER YEAR, ANNUAL USEFUL LIFE OF MACHINE, OPERATOR SKILL LEVEL OF EACH MACHINE, PROPER MAINTENANCE AND TIMELY REPAIR IT AND MARKET CONDITIONS OF SECOND HAND MACHINERY AT TIME OF SALE, THEY ARE EVENTUALLY PLACED IN A POSITION THAT MACHINE OWNER SHOULD CHOOSE ONE OF TWO OPTIONS OF SCRAPE OR REBUILT FOR COSTS OPTIMAL MANAGEMENT. THIS STUDY IS DESCRIPTIVE AND FUNCTIONALITY WHICH CONSIDERED EFFECTIVE FACTORS IN MACHINERY DECISION MAKING TO REBUILD PRODUCT AND RATE OF SUCCESS IN EACH DIMENSION'S DECISION. IN ORDER TO IDENTIFY AND RANKING FACTORS, DELFI METHOD AND INFERENTIAL STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES FOR EVALUATION EXISTENCE GAP WITH OPTIMAL CONDITION IN EACH ASPECT WERE USED AND DESIGNED A QUESTIONER WITH 18 QUESTIONS AND 7 ASPECTS AND POLLED OF EXPERTISE AND FINALLY MEANS OF REDUCING THE GAP WAS DISCUSSED.

THIS PAPER REPORTS ON THE RESULTS OF TESTING A VIRTUAL PROJECT-BASED SIMULATION GAME, CALLED SKYSCRAPER SIMULATOR, IN CONSTRUCTION EDUCATION. THE RESULTS POINT TO SOME INTERESTING FINDINGS ABOUT DIFFERENT PERCEPTIONS OF LEARNING GAINS BETWEEN MALE AND FEMALE PARTICIPANTS. SKYSCRAPER SIMULATOR PUTS THE PLAYERS IN A VIRTUAL CONSTRUCTION ENVIRONMENT AND DIRECTS THEM FROM THE BEGINNING OF BUILDING A SKYSCRAPER TO THE END. IN THIS RESEARCH STUDY, THE QUANTITATIVE METHODS ARE USED TO MEASURE THE PERCEPTION OF CONSTRUCTION LEARNING GAIN. A RETROSPECTIVE PRE AND POST PLAYING PERCEPTION OF SIX MAIN AREAS OF CONSTRUCTION KNOWLEDGE, ABILITY, AND SKILLS WAS USED IN A PILOT TEST WITH 135 UNDERGRADUATE CONSTRUCTION STUDENTS INCLUDING 69 MALES AND 66 FEMALES. THE RESULTS INDICATE THAT THERE IS A SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE PERCEPTION OF PARTICIPANTS IN PRE- AND POST- PLAYING CONTENT KNOWLEDGE, ABILITY, AND SKILLS FOR ALL OF THE SIX CONSTRUCTION MAIN AREAS. MOREOVER, IN 21 OF 24 SUBAREAS, THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PRE AND POST SCORES FOR FEMALE PARTICIPANTS IS HIGHER THAN THOSE OF THEIR MALE COUNTERPARTS, WHICH INDICATES THAT A VIRTUAL PROJECT-BASED SIMULATION GAME LIKE SKYSCRAPER SIMULATOR IS AN EFFECTIVE TOOL FOR CONSTRUCTION EDUCATION AT THE UNDERGRADUATE LEVEL, ESPECIALLY FOR FEMALE STUDENTS.

IN THIS STUDY, THE FREE VIBRATION ANALYSIS OF LATERAL CARRYING LOAD SYSTEMS WITH OPENINGS (COUPLED SHEAR WALLS) IS PRESENTED BY THE USE OF DISCRETE SINGULAR CONVOLUTION (DSC). DISCRETE SINGULAR CONVOLUTION IS A RELATIVELY NEW NUMERICAL METHOD WHICH IS VERY POWERFUL IN VIBRATION ANALYSES. MUCH RESEARCH ON HOW TO APPLY COMPLEX BOUNDARY CONDITIONS IN THE ANALYSIS IS CARRIED OUT USING THIS METHOD AND VARIOUS SOLUTIONS HAVE BEEN PROPOSED. APPLYING THE BOUNDARY CONDITIONS IN THE GOVERNING EQUATIONS OF LATERAL CARRYING LOAD SYSTEMS IS A CHALLENGING ISSUE. THIS PAPER PROPOSES A NEW ALGORITHM FOR APPLYING THE BOUNDARY CONDITIONS IN THE VIBRATION ANALYSIS OF COUPLED SHEAR WALLS USING THE DSC METHOD. TO EVALUATE THE PROPOSED APPROACH, SEVERAL SAMPLES WERE ANALYZED. IN ORDER TO VERIFY THE FEASIBILITY OF THE PROPOSED METHOD, THE OBTAINED RESULTS WERE COMPARED WITH THE VALUES OF THE DIFFERENTIAL QUADRATURE METHOD (DQ) AND FINITE ELEMENT (FE). STRICT CONFORMITY OF THE RESULTS OF THE PROPOSED METHOD SHOWS THE EFFECTIVENESS AND CAPABILITY OF THE NUMERICAL SOLUTION IN VIBRATION ANALYSIS OF COUPLED SHEAR WALLS WITH OPENING.

THE LIGHT FROM THE SUN IS A NON-VANISHING RENEWABLE SOURCE OF ENERGY WHICH IS FREE FROM ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION AND NOISE. IT CAN EASILY COMPENSATE THE ENERGY DRAWN FROM THE NON-RENEWABLE SOURCES OF ENERGY SUCH AS FOSSIL FUELS AND PETROLEUM DEPOSITS INSIDE THE EARTH. SOLAR ENERGY IS THE CLEANEST AND MOST ABUNDANT RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCE IN THE WORLD. IT’S ALSO THE EARTH’S OLDEST ENERGY FORM. THROUGHOUT THE LAST COUPLE OF DECADES, CUTTING-EDGE TECHNOLOGY HAS CHANGED THE WAY WE’RE ABLE TO HARNESS THIS ENERGY FOR USES THAT RUN THE GAMUT FROM PROVIDING LIGHT TO GENERATING ELECTRICITY. THIS PAPER SUGGESTS A NEW CONCEPT OF SOLAR COLLECTION THAT PRINTS THE SOLAR CELLS DIRECTLY ONTO A SPHERICAL SURFACE AND SHOWS IF IT IS POSSIBLE TO USE THE SPHERICAL REFLECTOR FOR SYSTEMS REQUIRING PROCESS HEAT AND MAKE POSSIBLE SUBSTANTIAL UTILIZATION OF SOLAR ENERGY AND CONSIDERABLE SAVE A RELATIVE TO FOSSIL ENERGY IN AHVAZ METROPOLIS.

IN THIS PAPER, THE FREE TORSIONAL VIBRATION OF NON-PRISMATIC SHAFTS IS INVESTIGATED. THE GOVERNING EQUATION IS NONLINEAR, SO THERE IS NO GENERAL ANALYTICAL SOLUTION FOR THE PROBLEM. USING NUMERICAL TECHNIQUES IS EFFICIENT IN SUCH CIRCUMSTANCES. THERE IS A WIDE RANGE OF NUMERICAL METHODS WHICH EACH ONE HAS SOME ABILITIES AND BENEFITS. SO, CHOOSING THE PROPER NUMERICAL METHOD IS IMPORTANT IN THE SOLUTION PROCEDURE. IN THIS PAPER, THE DISCRETE SINGULAR CONVOLUTION (DSC) WHICH IS A RELATIVELY NOVEL NUMERICAL APPROACH IS APPLIED FOR THE FIRST TIME. A COMPREHENSIVE COMPARISON STUDY IS CARRIED OUT BETWEEN THE DSC AND THREE OTHER TRADITIONAL NUMERICAL APPROACHES, I.E. FINITE ELEMENT (FE), SECOND ORDER FINITE DIFFERENCE (FD 2ND) AND DIFFERENTIAL QUADRATURE (DQ). THE CONVERGENCE, ABILITY AND EFFICIENCY OF THE DSC ARE EVALUATED IN COMPARISON WITH THREE OTHER METHODS BY SOLVING SEVERAL EXAMPLES. THE RESULTS INDICATE THE EFFICIENCY OF EACH METHOD AND BENEFICIAL CONCLUSIONS ARE ALSO GIVEN REGARDING THE PROPER METHOD FOR THE TORSIONAL VIBRATION ANALYSIS OF NON-PRISMATIC SHAFTS.

ONE OF THE MOST APPLICABLE SECTIONS IN BRIDGE CONSTRUCTION IS BOX PLATE GIRDER. IN ORDER TO CROSS THE MECHANICAL INSTRUMENTS AND PERIODIC MAINTENANCE IT IS ESSENTIAL TO EMBED OPENINGS ALONG THE GIRDER. THE OPENINGS HAVE NEGATIVE EFFECTS ON THE CAPACITY OF THE GIRDERS. THIS PAPER EXPLORES THE OPTIMUM POSITION OF THE WEB OPENING WHICH RESULTS LESS NEGATIVE EFFECTS ON THE PLATE GIRDER ULTIMATE RESISTANCE. SO, NON- LINEAR STATIC ANALYSIS IN ABAQUS IS PERFORMED ON BOX PLATE GIRDERS SUBJECTED TO THE UNIFORM DISTRIBUTED LOAD ON THE TOP FLANGE. TO IMPLEMENT A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY THE WEB SLENDERNESS, THE RATIO OF SPAN LENGTH TO THE HEIGHT OF THE SECTION CONSIDERED AS VARIABLE. NUMERICAL RESULTS HAVE BEEN COMPARED TO THOSE OF THE AASHTO FOR VALIDITY. RESULTS EXHIBIT THAT EMBEDDING THE OPENING IN THE QUARTER OF THE GIRDER SPAN PROVIDES THE LEAST NEGATIVE EFFECT ON THE CAPACITY OF THE GIRDER.