The study of the nervous system has opened the gates to explore the depths of cognition and attempts to examine the brain’, s function, structure, and mechanisms influencing human behavior. It is expected that the implementation of the neuroscience paradigm for public organizations will increase inspiration and innovation for employees and make the organization the best workplace for employees to witness the integration and realization of organizational success. Private companies are now using some of the existing techniques, while the public sector is also making progress at a slow pace. Considering the connection of social cognitive neuroscience with the development of human resources, in the present research, with a descriptive and non-systematic review of domestic and foreign papers including the keywords “, cognitive neuroscience”, , “, human resources”, , and “, public administration”,between the years 2009 and 2021 in the Google Scholar search engine and extracting 20 papers, we investigate how cognitive neuroscience affects human reactions in the organizational environment and human resource management. First, we will begin our analysis with the structure of the brain and examine several factors influencing human behavior in an organizational environment through the lens of neuroscience. Finally, the results show that neuroscience is deciphering social interaction and exploring human behavior in work environments and plays an important role in maximizing job performance.