Journal of Birjand University of Medical Sciences
Year:2002 | Volume:9 | Issue:1 (14)|Papers Count:8

Introduction and aim: Most immunoglobulin preparations are produced by the cohn cold ethanol precipitation technique and are recommended for intramuscular administration only. The immunoglobulin prepared by ion exchange chromatography is suitable for intravenous injection because of low aggregation and anticomplemantary activity.Material and methods: Amount of aggregation and fragmentation (gel filtration), IgA (LC SRID) and parity (SDS-PAGE and acetate cellulose electrophoresis) was assayed in Anti-RhD prepared by ion exchange chromatography and compared with Cohn preparation.Results: The result indicated that IgG Anti-RhD prepared by ion Exchange chromatography consisted principally of the IgG monomer (>95%) with traces of aggregation and fragmentation (<3%) (In Cohn method: 60% IgG monomer and >20% agg. and frag.).Conclusion: Then, Ion exchange chromatography is a method for producing high purity of IgG Anti-RhD, which has low aggregation and IgA and hence intravenouses tolerate.This method could be easily modified for another intravenous IgG preparations.

Introduction and aim: Measuring height and weight and head circumference are most important tools to evaluate growth and development, nutritional status and health of children. There is a need for comparison growth indexes of children with standard criteria. Propos of this study is to determine growth indexes in 1-24 month old Birjand children and comparison of it with NCHS and other studies in Iran. Material and methods: In this cross-sectional study 1545 Infant and young children (1-24 month, boys and girls) that were referred to health care centers of Birjand selected and their weight, height and head circumference measured and relevant percentiles was established and compared NCHS curves.Results: The head circumference percentiles were similar to NCHS percentiles. The weight and height percentiles of infants 4-8 month were not different to NCHS, but were decreased after age and deviate increasingly from NCHS nomogram.Conclusion: According to the results decreasing of weight and height started at the age of beginning the supplementary food. It is important to feed children below 2 years old with energic foods. Improvement of nutritional status of children through family education especially mother and improvement of economical situation is advised.

Introduction and aim: Congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia (CPT) is a challenging orthopedic problem. Many modalities of treatment have been used but none provide comprehensive treatment with highly satisfactory results. The propose of this evaluation is to determine the efficacy of ring external fixator as treatment for CPT.Material and methods: We reviewed the surgical management and results of seven consecutive patients with CPT treated with the Ilizarov technique for nonunion, angulation, leg length discrepancy and valgus ankle between 1998 and 2002. The median age at the time of Ilizarov treatment was 6.5 years (range 4 to 9 yr).Results: Primary union at the pseudarthrosis site was achieved in five of the seven patients. After a median follow-up period of 2.5 years (range. 1.5-3 yr). final union at the pseudarthrosis site was achieved in five of the seven patients (union rate, 70.2%). However, nonunion persisted at the nonunion site in two patients. In the five patients who achieved union and functional recovery, the median number of total surgeries was four; there were two residual deformities. Leg length discrepancy was corrected in these five patients to less than 1.7 cm. two out of the seven patients were satisfied with the results.Conclusion: In general, the treatment course was lengthy with numerous complications, especially in young children. The Ilizarov technique, with its ring design, simultaneously addresses several problems associated with CPT, and may provide a comprehensive treatment for CPT with promising results. Combined treatment with the use of other methods is necessary.

Introduction and aim: Nosocomial infections are amongst the main factors responsible for neonatal morbidity and mortality, infection can be transferred to neonate by being touched by an infected person.Material and methods: The present study is a descriptive analytical research for determining the amount and the kind of personnel, devices and environmental infection in the neonatal unit. 65 culture samples of the personnel from larynx, nose and hand, 68 culture samples from neonatal unit devices and 12 samples from examination room and the emergency trolley were obtained. The samples were chosen randomly from among the devices and the sampling was done in two stages.Results: The results indicated that on the whole, the percentage of infection of the neonatal unit devices, examination room and the emergency trolley and personnel were 25%, 15%, 10%, respectively. The greatest devices infection was esherichiacoli and coagulas positive staphylococcus and clebciela. The most common microorganism found on personnel was also coagulas positive staphylococcus and Beta hemolytic streptococcus.Conclusion: Control committee of hospital infection should strictly implement the usual methods of controlling infection in the unit and consider the proper disinfections of devices.

Introduction and aim: Paralleling the rise in obesity among adults, overweight and obesity among children has increase dramatically in recent years. Obesity in childhood is of concern because of its immediate adverse effects and the potential increased risk of morbidity and mortality in adulthood. This study was done to evaluate prevalence of obesity in elementary school children in Birjand.Material and methods: The height and weight of 1772 students of 7-12 years old (979 boys and 793 girls) which were chosen through two stages sampling (cluster and systematic) were measured. Children whose bodyweight was %20 above the mean weight for height and sex given by NCHS canthimetric classes were defined as obese.Results: The result show that 3.3% children (2.5% boys and 4.3% girls) were obese. Obesity was more common among girls (P<0.05).Conclusion: Although obesity is not a prevalent problem, but there should be a concern about it among children in high socioeconomic status.

Introduction and aim: Patient education is one of the most important parts of nursing care and patient is the center of this education and needed services. Nurses accompany patients from admission to discharge and provide necessary information for shortening period of illness. This study was conducted to determine patient satisfaction from, education skills of nurses.Material and methods: 250 patients who were discharged from medical-surgical wards of Imam-Reza hospital were chosen by propose-based sampling and data regarding their satisfaction were collected by direct interview and completion of a questionnaire by research. This questionnaire had two parts: 1) demographic data and 2) satisfaction from educational skill of nurses. Data analyzed according to three choices Likert scale.Results: Patients' satisfaction from nurses educational skills was high, moderate and low in 12.8%, 56.8% and 30.4% respectively. Patient satisfaction had significant relationship with ward, place of living, job, previous and cause of hospitalization.Conclusion: It seems that nurses hadn't enough attention to their educational roles because of their workload, it is necessary that nursing administration pay attention to this problem and have plans to improve for high maintenance of patient right.

Introduction and aim: Diabetes mellitus is one of prevalent metabolic disorders which is characterized with others metabolk disorder that produce eye, renal, nerves and blood vessels complications. Diabetes mellitus is associated with some problems including: cardiovascular diseases, C.V.A, blindness, amputation of body lower organs and end stage renal disease. Life expectancy in diabetic adult patients decreased between 5 to 10 years.Material and methods: In this perspective descriptive study, diabetic patients who were admitted in medical unit of Imam Reza and Vali-Asr hospitals from Sep 2000 to Sep 2001 were studied about diabetic complications (hypoglycemia, ketoacidosis, hyperosmolar coma, big vessels disease, retinopathy, neuropathy, foot sore and infections).Results: In 12 months, 70 diabetic patients, 42 patients (60%) female and 28 patients (40%) male were admitted. Relative frequency of hypoglycemia, ketoacidosis, Hyperosmolar coma, retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, big vessels disease, diabetic foot and infection were 13 (18.6%), 8 (11.4%), 2 (2.9%), 36 (51.4%), 33 (47%), 31 (44.3%),48 (68.6%), 9 (12.9%) and 21 (30%) respectively.Conclusion: Relative frequencies of diabetic complication in different studies as a spectrum from minimum to maximum are reported. In this study relative frequency of complication was almost equal to maximum relative frequency of the others study that is probably due to influences of environmental circumstances, diet, genetic factors, neglecting regular and perfect examination and economical factors.

Abdominal actinomycosis is a condition that may mimic malignant disease, and which often complicates a chronic perforation of gastrointestinal tract, such as the appendix. The appendix is the most common intra-abdominal organ involved. The presence of a longstanding intrauterine device (IUD) is a well-known risk factor in young women.Abdominal actinomycosis is difficult to diagnose without surgical exploration, usual manifestations are abscesses and draining sinus tract. Although the clinical and radiological presentation of actinomycosis is nonspecific, the diagnosis should be raised in the presence of pseudotumoral mesenteric infiltration, particularly in young women with an IUD. Abdominal CT scan is a useful method for diagnosis and for fallow up.Treatment has consisted of long-time oral antibiotic therapy coupled with surgery, including incision and drainage of abscesses with removal of persistent sinuses.