Journal of Geography and Regional Development
Year:2009 | Volume:- | Issue:12|Papers Count:11

In order to identify different types of effective weather on patterns of inversion in Mashhad, the researchers first prepared the inversion statistics, then, the sea level pressure and finally they prepared access to the zero meeting GMT cumulative 2.5 degrees in the range 20 to 47.5 degrees to 67.5 degrees North and 35 East Center, University NCEP Angelia East of England Norwich City. Then for the classification of pressure data, factor analysis has been used. The significance of this method is that while the number of variables reduces, the amount of variance in the original data is preserved. Then the classified clusters array WARD is done and turned to the 7 main agents, and then the map of each group was composed. The results show two types of summer, three types of winter and two types of autumn pattern. The inversion of the cold seasons has strong stability and the continuity is more. Checking the other map patterns, high-pressure patterns are seen more active and in the seven existing types, type five is the strongest.

The rapid and uncontrolled growth of tourism, that has influenced the economic foundations of rural economy, has caused different economic impacts and consequences in the rural areas of the central district of the city of Nowshahr. The purpose of this study is to recognize and analyze the impacts of tourism in this area based on the principles of sustainable tourism and relevant theoretical bases. The research method used in this study is descriptive-analytic, utilizing objective and subjective data based on questionnaires administered to household heads and the rural settlers. In analyzing the data, parametric statistical tests such as Pierson’s correlation test and nonparametric tests such as Spearman’s correlation test and Chi-squire were used. The results of this study indicate that tourism has brought positive consequences such as job creation for the youths, has increased income for the inhabitants, it has also brought negative economic consequences such as increased prices of goods and services in the tourism season, an increase in land price and the increase of living cost for the inhabitants and the excessive reliance of the rural economy upon tourism. So, the monopolization of rural economy through the dominance of the tourism and the inability of the tourism sector to establish an effective links with other economic activities and its inability to play a complimentary role, is in conflict with the principles of rural tourism. Therefore, it seems that the continuation of such a process will pose some problems and challenges to the foundations of economic development of the rural areas under investigation in the long term.

With rapid settlement in agricultural lands in the cities of Iran, the lands are seemingly ruined. In other words, most of the lands needed for physical expansion is prepared through change of agricultural land use. Of course, the temperature of these cities will also increase too. Researches show that Yazd has had a quick expansion since 1983; therefore, 875/3 hectares i.e. 7/7 percent of the agricultural land or city gardens are destroyed completely. Furthermore, the regions with cool weather decreased, while regions with warm and hot weather increased in the city. The method for this survey is descriptive-analytic and the necessary data are gathered from libraries and documental techniques. In addition, analyzing the map and the related information are prepared by GIS system in ILWIS soft ware environment.

Fracture in the socio-spatial structure of cites has caused many developments plans to turn useless and impractical. A new approach sees the cities as organs that have many sectors, and the ways that can improve the quality of life in these sectors. This article has studied the role of money in solving the problem of the different areas of Mashhad rather than the role of need in satisfying the problem in these areas. The writers of this article study Sajjad sector and the areas of Shahid Ahmadi and Fakher in the fifth region of the city of Mashhad. The methodology has been descriptive-analytical and the questionnaires have also been used. The results of the research show that, money can not really help in reaching and has a crucial function along with improving the social capital of the area.

The effects of climate change, especially due to the increase of greenhouse gasses, have caused lots of problems that have affected different sections of society. One of the most important effects is the increase of natural disasters such as flood, drought, tropical cyclones, raising sea level, dust storm, etc. Drought and flood are the most prevalent of these disasters in Iran. Because of the geographical location of Iran and the synoptic systems that affect this region, it is clear that dryness is one of the characteristics of this region, and drought is one of the most important of natural disaster that affect the country. Drought can affect the different sectors of society such as water resources, agriculture, industry, economy, health, etc therefore drought monitoring is necessary for future planning. For this purpose, the climate data should be simulated for future periods by using outputs of Atmospheric-Ocean General Circulation Model. In this paper precipitation data during 2010 to 2039 is simulated by downscaling via LARS-WG model. Then, drought situation is estimated according to DI and SPI. The results of the study show that during the next 30 years, drought conditions will be increasing in Iran, and it confirms climate changes in the region. In addition, many parts of Iran will experience severe and extreme drought in 2011, 2025, 2032, 2034, 2035, 2039, and among these years, 2039 will bring more critical drought situation.

Ghalajeh synclinal is extended on the south of Kermanshah province from northwest to southeast. Considering the permanent tectonic movements in Quaternary and current age in studied region, the alluvial fans of the region is a good reason for evaluation of such movements. The morphology and morphometry properties of alluvial fans are severely under the effect of the tectonic activities. The aim of this paper is to investigate the role of tectonic parameters in the appearance and change of region's Alluvial fans. In this study, the topography, geology maps and aerial photographs have been used as the main research data. The morphology of the region's alluvial fans was also studied. Then, using the geomorphic index (Vf, Sl, Smf), the intensity of tectonics of the region were evaluated, and with the calculation of the related formulas and coefficients, the necessary diagrams and maps were designed by ArcGIS 9.3 software. The results indicate that the region's tectonic (faults) have the main role on appearing and change of the region's alluvial fans, so that by omitting of Asmari Formation and exposed of Gurpi-Pabdeh loose Formation, appeared by GilaneGharb trust leads to more alluvial fans on the direction of this fault. The alluvial fans are arranged harmoniously with tectonic of Plio-Quaternery in the region.

The object of the regional planning is optimum use of resource for the development of regions. One of the most important items in regional development is the recognition of spatial and economical structure of the region. Middle sized cities, have the secondary role in the study of economical structure of the regions. Global experiments demonstrate that lack of attention to the role of secondary cities, synchronized with the accelerated trend of the phenomenon of urbanization will lead to the country's polarization and the emergence of great un-equilibrium in the organization of the country. The results of this research indicate that the city of Boroujerd with industrial, agricultural and service roles has had many effects in the betterment of the regional economic condition. Boroujerd as a middle sized city in the region could effect in the economic growth of the region.

The awareness of administrative organization of rescue and relief operation from spatial and temporal dimensions is pre requirement of rescue and relief. This subject and existence of accessible transportation networks that can save their performance after emergency situations are the most important parameters in efficiency of rescue and relief operation.The position of firefighting stations and the area they are located, have effective roles in increasing efficiency of actions they take in emergency conditions. In this research, firefighting station number 40 in Tehran in sector 6 of municipality of the city has been studied. The methods of this research are the study of alternatives containing Maximin, CSM and DSM models. The results of the research show that pattern A3 in all models has the better place in relation to other patterns which in the Maximin model with score 0.66 is the first alternative with A6 pattern and in Hurwitz model for all quantities of a the A3 pattern is first place. Therefore for the betterment of accessibility, the results say that changing the direction of Edward Brown or Nosrat Street, the accessibility to the southern parts will be easier. Also based on A6 pattern that locates in second place, the stopping places for firefighting cars is suggested out of the station in specific hours.

Man has always been curious about his natural environmental, and has always been trying to know it more. To do this, he has employed many different ways and has used different information. In the meantime, he has examined nature phenomena indirectly and using remote sensing. Today, expert and groups of experts are using remote sensing documents and this has caused them to believe that remote sensing actually is a key issue in their field. The writers of this article have decided to determine the true place of remote sensing in the field. Considering the nature of remote sensing and related sciences, and also the study of historical documents, and study of questionnaires, all show that, remote sensing is a science and technique which has been mixed with art and at the same time, uses human sciences. Secondly, descriptive and analytic remote sensing is essentially a part of geography and earth sciences.

The reduction in regional differences to stop the movement and displacement of human forces and capital in the direction of preparing the ground for development is very effective. Development means boosting human potentials for the improved utilization of his environment. Rational utilization depends on economical, social and cultural particulars. Therefore any kind of condition that is effective in the improvement of region’s capabilities will lead to the preparation of the ground for regional development. Immigration, poverty, low production and efficiency, joblessness and … in  areas of the region is the result of inefficient performance of economical, social and cultural foundations, agricultural depression, disorganized growth of population and discriminatory policies and the low level of enjoying fundamental facilities and productions. Therefore, the study of economical and social indicators and the determination of the areas benefit are very urgent in the direction of finalizing development guidelines. The present study has been performed with the aim of recognizing development condition of areas in the province and recognizing the challenges and direction of areas development. The results of the study indicate that there is an inharmonious development in areas and deprivation of regions bordering the northern part of the province and the border lines.