DANESH-E-ENTEZAMI
Year:2008 | Volume:9 | Issue:4 (36)|Papers Count:9

Why is it that the organizations’ managers and staff, especially those of police organizations are reluctant to modifications? The present paper has benefitted from different Sources such as books, scientific articles, journals... to examine different points of views regarding modification, factors affecting modification, the need for organizations’ modification, resistance to modification and the methods for dealing with the resistance in organizations, especially in police organizations.

Geographical factors have always played important roles in nations’ political issues. Such factors and focusing on their roles resulted in the formation of geopolitics thoughts. Geographical factors are also effective in security and security policy-makings.This paper attempts to explore the geographical factors affecting a nation’s security as a political unit. Geosecurity is elaborated and factors such as place, form, extension, and physical features are examined in the paper.

Dealing effectively with crimes and delinquencies and enforcing law and maintaining order cannot be considered an easy task when crimes are unidentified and undetected.From general and sociological points of views the accused is one who is supposed to evade from social norms and invade others’ rights.When put into the process of criminal justice, such a person expects the police to satisfy his rights. Crime clearance should be in a way that can aid innocent people in proving his innocence. This cannot be maintained, unless the accused right is observed in the flow of crime clearance.

As there exists contradictory points of views regarding the officers’ responsibility in obeying the legal authority’s orders when issuing illegal orders, the present paper attempts at analyzing and even criticizing the current theories and the related rules and regulations. Different scientific sources have been examined by the author to gather various points of views and to camp are them with Islamic discourses’.

There is a general and increasing concern about the juvenile justice all around the world. Policy-making and implementation methods in juvenile justice are among the top priorities of juvenile rights.In the procedures of juvenile justice it is very much probable that the defined standards are evaded. Police professionalism and training and providing specific police units dealing with juvenile justice would make the solution for the problem.

Enforcing the law and maintaining order and security is the governments’ top priorities. Police can be claimed to be the first agent for maintaining the public security, so should be prepared to deal with even potential threats.Chemicals can become threat to the public security to which police are related in the following situations:1- Chemical warfare;2- Unwanted presence of chemicals in unexpected events;3- Chemicals usage in riot control.The present paper tries to have an introductory elaboration on chemicals and aims at explaining the chemicals used as chemo terroristic elements.

Growth and development and the need for being empowered are indispensable parts of the requirements of those who gather to work in a specific place. Organizations need to support their personnel and resolve the challenges facing them.Empowering organizations’ personnel is among the most efficient techniques for enhancing the productivity an performance of them.The present paper which is a descriptive research examines theories and models related to the concept of empowering and explore the relationship between empowering and creativity on the part of I.R.I police organization personnel.