LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE
Year:2019 | Volume:22 | Issue:3 (87) |Papers Count:8

Objective: The use of the Creative Commons (CC) licenses in the cyberspace is a significant outcome of the revolution in the information exchange from traditional media to modern digital media and the evolution of the intellectual property rights, which has been achieved through the open access to scientific information movement while respecting the intellectual copyright regarding the content of the human knowledge. The present paper aims at identifying and data mining the publishing elements in relation to the use of CC licenses in open-access publications on the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) for supporting the intellectual property rights. Methodology: This research was performed via descriptive data mining. The statistical population was made up of all publications indexed on the DOAJ by early 2016 (9389 titles). The required data waer retrieved from the DOAJ database in the form of metadata in CVS format, including the list of publishers and the 128 member countries. The collected data was analyzed in RapidMiner© Ver. 7 by using a new model based on the cross-industry standard process for data mining (CRISP-DM) and the C5. 0 decision tree algorithm. Findings: Findings of the present research showed that, out of the 9389 titles indexed on the DOAJ, 4361 titles (46. 44%) used no CC license while 5028 publications (53. 55%) had applied 6 CC licenses. A total of 4565 publishers had used these licenses. Among these, 2711 publications had taken the most out of the attribution license, including three groups of publishers (academic, institutional-association, and commercial). Focusing on the studied database, the attribution license was the most frequently used CC license. In total, the largest fraction of publishers had used the attribution license (711 titles, 28. 88%) while the attribution-no derivative license (37 titles, 0. 4%). The academic publishers composed the largest group of the CC license users (35. 07%). Considering the pool of countries, Egypt (11. 39%), Britain (8. 64%), and Brazil (8. 33%) were the three largest users of the CC license users. At the level of continents, Europe was the largest user of the licenses. The C5. 0 decision tree algorithm could predict the use of the attribution license by the publishers in different countries including USA, Brazil, Egypt, Britain, and Poland at an accuracy of 69. 20%, precision of 64. 90%, and percent error of 35. 10% (error = 1-precision), confirming the mentioned findings. Conclusion: The use of different CC licenses, especially the attribution license, by various countries and publishers indicate the acceptance of these licenses by the community and the continuation and promotion of the knowledge development process at an increasing rate toward the science production, because the CC licenses are the open-most of their kind. These licenses provide the users with a wider spectrum of authorities including not only the attribution authority but also the permission to distribute, reproduce, and download their own works for commercial and non-commercial uses.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to identify the components of quality in a national bibliography and also the methods and procedures for improving and maintaining quality in the National Bibliography of Iran based on the knowledge and experience of some of its producers who formed a Delphi panel to conduct the research. Methodology: A Delphi technique has been used to conduct the research with a panel of 22 cataloging and classification experts and practitioners from the Technical Services Department of the National Library of Iran. Relative questionnaires for two rounds of the Delphi were set in a 5 point Likert scale comprising items extracted from the research literature and the Delphi panels' answers to the open questions. The mean and standard deviation were used to measure the agreement. Findings: At the level of record, the panel members identified as quality components in the record: accuracy and conformance to the agreed standards and instructions, not having spelling and typos mistakes, providing a description as close to the source as possible in order to better understanding of the user from the catalogued item, the ability to access the resource by having at least information about the source through the record, adequacy, accuracy, and ordering the importance in assigning the subject headings, accuracy of call numbers and added entries, and the fulfillment of native requirements, such as language and script; at the level of the National Bibliography the panel members decided to mention the ease of use and access, and consistency at different levels of description as most important; in terms of quality control activities the panel perceived the quality control of all levels of descriptions, MARC blocks and fields, typographic and spelling error checking, uniformity in the transcription of non-Persian documents as the most important. In terms of methods and procedures for improving and maintaining quality in the National Bibliography of Iran the decision-making and procedural uniformity, avoidance of outsourcing, whether in cataloging, or in evaluating and controlling its quality, emphasizing on the empowerment of catalogers, training qualified catalogers were subject of consensus. Also, gaining professional and related knowledge and use of new technologies, improvement of factors related to job satisfaction, and welcoming feedback from all categories of users have been pointed out among the most important methods and procedures. Conclusion: In overall, statements suggest a tendency towards scientific dynamism which requires providing proper facilities and conditions. Also, a kind of perfectionism, and self-sufficiency, while seeking to maintain professional autonomy among the catalogers of the National Library of Iran have been perceived, which requires intelligent and far-seeing high level managers, who must be professional in the field of cataloging, and even in broader term, information organization and management, as well as being aware of the problems and challenges of the field.

Objective: The aim is to conduct appearance and content assessment of printed books for the age groups A and B, with emphasis on the components of Guilford creativity. These components consist of fluidity, flexibility, originality, and expansion. However, other criteria for book evaluation (not related to creativity) are considered in this study for evaluating the content and appearance of these books. Methodology: This is a descriptive research conducted by survey method and it is of applied type. The statistical population of the research includes Persian stories for the age groups A and B in the form of printed books and the research sample was selected from the popular books in Iran printed between 2011 and 2016. The data gathering tool is a researcher-made checklist whose validity has been verified. In this research, content analysis method was used to study the formal and content criteria in 55 bestselling printed children's books. Bestselling, as a factor was considered since the books which consisted in this category, were lucky to be accessible for the audience more than others. This research sample may show the creativity component rate in the large portion of the children's books market and identify their characteristics. In this research, bestselling books in each year and each age group (A and B) are determined by threshold. Statistical data about the number of copies of each book publishing were gathered from Khanehe Ketabe. Findings: The results showed that among formal and content features in all components of creativity (fluidity, flexibility, originality and expansion), content features are more followed and applied in the reviewed books compared to formal features. However, for these age groups, visual features can attract readers more than anything else. Among the four components, the expansion component with an average rating of 3. 62 was used more than other components in the sampled books. Most of the books (42. 8 percent) were published in 5000-10000 copies and their prices were between one thousand to 5 thousand Toomans. The books entitled Let's come to kill people (A), The story of the two lonely turtles (A) and The time of bedtime for the baby (A) were the strongest books and books of the Thief of the trustee (B), The rain falls (B) and The celebration of the song (B) were the weakest books regarding the most important components of creativity. Conclusion: Iranian authors, illustrators, and editors have been more successful in paying attention to the details and extension of the idea in each of the formal and content features than other components of creativity in children's book. It is suggested that those who involved in publishing children's books take creativity courses and apply the checklists provided in the study to produce more creative books.

Objective: Author's abstract contains those contributions that the author himself considers important. Meanwhile, they may be less important among scientific community. This supplementary information can be obtained by analyzing citing articles. Citation contexts citing a cited article are actually summaries of that article produced by the scientific community. This type of summary is called citation summary which can provide a deeper insight into the impact of that article on scientific community. Selecting useful citation sentences to be inserted in a system summary is one of the major challenges of citation-based automatic text summarization. Hence, the semantic approach of analyzing citation contexts reveals citation functions; it can be used to refine citation contexts and to insert important content in the final summary. So, approaches like metadiscourse analysis that provide more information would result in producing useful summaries. Therefore, this paper aims at analyzing the application of Hyland metadiscourse model for citation-based automatic summarization of scientific texts. Moreover, based on Hyland Metadiscourse Model, an annotation scheme was proposed for citation contexts which could be used in corpus-based citation summarization systems. Methodology: This is a library research that answers research questions through studying and analyzing resources related to Hyland Metadiscourse Model, Scientific Text Summarization, Citation Context Analysis and Citation Function Classification. The scheme was evolved during two stages of analysis. First, an initial scheme was created based on studying existing schemes. Then, its metadiscourse version was suggested through analyzing Hyland Metadiscourse Model. Expert evaluation was performed for validating the proposed annotation scheme. Three experts in Information Science and two in Linguistics confirmed the scheme. Findings: Hyland interactional metadiscourse is suitable for analyzing citation contexts because it is used to represent the author's perspective on propositional information and also the reader. Moreover, interactional metadiscourse analysis applies appropriate language tools for the critique genre. Therefore, a scheme was proposed based on boosters, attitude markers, hedges, engagement markers and self-mentions which are the main components of Hyland interactional metadiscourse. The proposed scheme includes 70 classes. Conclusion: Hyland interactive metadiscourse can be used to construct proper corpora for automatic citation-based text summarization. Also, some other phases of automatic summarization such as classifier development, citation context refinement, and sentence selection could be performed based on this type of metadiscourse. Annotating corpora is usually performed using an annotation scheme. Thus, the proposed annotation scheme would be beneficial. However, it is a conceptual scheme proposed on existing theories. So, it is necessary to ask annotators to write down any new labels while annotating. Moreover, they should make some notes about the reasons of creating new ones. In the next stage, if desirable agreement is reached those labels could be added to the scheme.

Objective: Organizations require knowledge management (KM) in order to continue their activities and sustainability in their competitive cycles. One of the problems of organizations and managers is the implementation of KM, considering the factors affecting the implementation of KM plays an important role in the success and development of the organization. Meanwhile, the factors affecting the implementation of KM, determining the importance of each of the factors and providing an appropriate framework for their application in KM implementation process play a fundamental role in advancing the organization's goals. The purpose of this research is to identify and rank the factors affecting the implementation of KM by reviewing the past studies. Methodology: Meta-synthesis attempts to integrate results from a number of different but inter-related qualitative studies. In order to identify the factors, all dimensions of KM implementation have been identified through Meta-Synthesis using 335 papers were published in Sciencedirect, SID, Magiran and ElmNet from 2010 to 2018. Then, the importance and priority of each proposed dimension was determined using Shannon quantitative method based on content analysis. Findings: The results of the research in the extension method showed 3 categories (organizational, personal, and environmental), 8 concepts (KM process, organization structure, technology, management, individual, trust, competitive and culture) and 52 codes (knowledge creation (0. 016), knowledge identification (0. 026), knowledge leadership (0. 00), knowledge planning (0. 01), knowledge effectiveness (0. 024), knowledge sharing (0. 039), knowledge evaluation (0. 01), knowledge storage (0. 02), knowledge learning (0. 00), knowledge transparency (0. 00), knowledge implementation (0. 024), knowledge quality (0. 024), KM alignment (0. 02), organization strategy (0. 016), KM strategies (0. 039), employees enrichment (0. 01), organizational enrichment (0. 00), organizational sources (0. 02), financial sources (0. 016), organizational environment (0. 00), the number of employees (0. 016), recruitment (0. 00), organizational size (0. 016), performance evaluation (0. 026), KM system selecting (0. 026), employees training (0. 031), reverse engineering (0. 00), fast upgrade (0. 024), flexability (0. 032), confidence (0. 032), easy implementation (0. 026), technological tools(0. 01), storage capacity (0. 024), information technology infrastructure (0. 035), management support (0. 035), human resource management (0. 039), team working (0. 031), participation (0. 00), motivation (0. 034), justice (0. 00), readiness (0. 00), concentration (0. 00), communication (0. 031), employees trust and managers (0. 031), employees trust (0. 024), competition force (0. 016), benchmarking (0. 016), world services availability (0. 02), best practices (0. 01), knowledge base culture (0. 01), innovation culture (0. 032) and organizational culture (0. 044) in KM implementation. Conclusion: A successful KM program will consider more than just technology. An organization should also consider organization culture, leadership, strategic alignment, managers' support, information technology and motivation were identified as the most important factors for success of KM implementation.

Objective: The purpose of this research was studying the future of the dissemination of scientific productions of Knowledge and Information Science in social networks. Methodology: This research was carried out using an applied method employing a mixed method approach containing scientometric methods, content analysis, Delphi technique, scenario writing and survey methods to conduct futures studies on the dissemination of scientific production of information science and library researchers in social networks. To conduct futures studies, we need to understand the current needs and interests of researchers in each field of science, that all articles of Knowledge and Information Science indexed in the Web of Science from 2005 to mid-2016 has been investigated in terms of altmetric indicators and subject areas were identified by quantitative content analysis method in terms of dissemination. Then, in the future studies section, Delphi technique, survey methods, and scenario writing approach were used to predict the status of dissemination of scientific productions in future years in social networks. Findings: According to the study, social networks such as ResearchGate, Mendeley, and Academia will be more appreciated by researchers in the field of Knowledge and Information Science. It was also found that the subject areas such as library and information science, computational studies, information retrieval, are among the top priorities for research in the social networks in the next ten years. The compound annual growth rate of the dissemination of scientific production of information science and library researchers in social networks was found to be 14. 5% and the growth of the dissemination of scientific productions of Knowledge and Information Science researchers is expected to follow the continuation scenario. According to the views of Iranian researchers who are active in social networks, the qualitative development of scientific production, the attractiveness of research topics and self-archiving are expected to influence the dissemination rate in the coming years more than other factors. Conclusion: The results showed that social networks continuously play the role of disseminators of scientific information and are not limited in disseminating information in the same way as some traditional platforms are. In effect, it is possible to use the dissemination rate as a complementary measure to other altmetric indicators in assessing researchers’ productions in social networks. Dissemination score can be used as one of the complementary measures of Altmetrics indicators in projection trends, future predictions and evaluation of researchers in social networks, the dissemination of information on social networks are more than other factors would be related to the quality of scientific output. Researchers in the field of Knowledge and Information Science can use the results of this research to improve future planning.

Purpose: The overall purpose of the present study is to investigate the conformity of the writing behavior of the authors and users of the Persian scientific databases to guidelines of the Academy of Persian Language and Literature in terms of writing words continuously, semi-spacely and separately. Methodology: This study is an applied one, and the research design is survey and content analysis. The population consists of two groups, available documents in three Persian scientific databases (i. e. Magiran, Regional Center and SID), and the Postgraduate education students of Shiraz University in the academic year of 2013-2014. The research instrument consists of two researcher-made checklists, each of which consists of 12 items of the selected rules among the approved guidelines of the Academy of Persian Language and Literature, which include the occurrence of writing words continuously, semi-spacely and separately. Findings: The findings showed that the writing behavior of users in 23. 25 percent of the cases was in line with the ten rules of the guidelines approved by the Academy of Persian Language and Literature; however, 75. 76 percent of users ignored these rules. The highest rate of the Conformity was observed between the writing behavior of users with the ten rules in rule of nine (compound words containing the suffix) and the lowest of it in rule of six (Genitives Construction) and ten (Subjective and Adjective). Also, although the writing behavior of the authors was contrary to the ten rules of the guidelines of the Academy of Persian Language and Literature in only 40 percent of cases, 60 percent of authors followed these rules. The highest rate of the resemblance was observed between the writing behavior of the Authors with the ten rules in rule of eight (compound words containing the prefix) and the lowest of it in rule of six (Genitives Construction). Moreover, the findings showed that even though 62. 6 percent of the users knew how to insert semi-spacely words through the computer keyboard, most of the users ignored this. Originality/value: This research and similar studies could make the Academy of Persian Language and Literature aware of the writing behavior of the authors and users in electronic environments while confronting words with several writing forms. Thus, they may assist the academy in prioritization and policy-making to improve the guidelines on the Persian script. As a result, it is possible to take a standardized and unified script accepted by most of the users.