BEYHAGH
Year:2015 | Volume:20 | Issue:2 (33)|Papers Count:9

Introduction: Increasing use of computers causes an increase in the outbreak of the computer-sight syndrome. The purpose of this research is examining users’ eyes, fatigue Laptops and lighting, which is considered to be one of the most important hygiene issues. So evaluation of this factor for laptops users’ health has become very important issues.Methods & materials: This research is descriptive, analytical cross-sectional study. A survey was conducted on 125 students of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in 2013, in order to evaluate eye fatigue of students (the reliability of the questionnaire was reported 0.75 using the Cronbach's Alpha method), lighting intensify and the relationship between these. Lighting intensity measured in the user workstation by photometer Hagner (model: EC1) and also fatigue Questionnaire was used for measuring eye fatigue, the collected data were analyzed using descriptive– statistical test (one – way ANOVA and person) by SPSS software.Results: Approximately 64 percent of the study population was male. This study indicated that there is significant relation between lighting and eye fatigue. The standard deviation and average of users’ eyes fatigue and the intensity of general lighting were repectively as: (M=2.48, S. D=0.87), (M=164.12 LUX, S. D=47.25). The most predominant symptom was burning eyes, which were reported by approximately 89.6. Eye discomfort, tearing and dry eye were respectively reported by 84%, 72.8%and 72%.Conclusion: The results of this research proved that complaints such as eye burning and tearing, sensation of dry eye, asthenopia and problems were obviously more prevalent in VDUS. According to the extensive usage of computers, laptops at home and work, planning is needed to identify the causes and provide appropriate solving.

Introduction: Clinical governance is the application of mechanisms at the right time and place to do tasks for patients properly and obtain maximum clinical results. In this regard, accreditation is an assessment tool of health systems, especially hospitals, that is a top priority of the ministry of health and medical education in Iran. So the aim of the present study is the impact of clinical governance and accreditation programs on performance indicators in Kashan Beheshti Hospital in 2012.Methods & materials: This is a descriptive study. Data were gathered by census from 2009 to 2011 as pre- implementation of clinical governance and accreditation programs and 2011 to 2013 after utilization of it in the Kashan Shahid Beheshti Hospital. A validated check list including 16 indicators was used. SPSS 16 was applied, using t-tests to do statistical analysis (P-Value<0.05) Results: Comparing indices of health care management before and after implementation of clinical governance and accreditation programs revealed that the ratio of active beds to constant beds, beds turnover in a general hospital, beds occupancy rate, infant mortality rate, hospital infection rates, rate of death to total hospitalized patients, mortality after surgery, patients' satisfaction to hospital services in hospitalization wards and extent of organizing committees according to the has significantly improved (P-Value<0.05).Conclusion: According to the results of research by reinforcing performance indices, in order to achieve the desired standards and identify weaknesses and improving strengths, higher quality of service should be providedfor patients and society.

Introduction: The administration of family physician program is one of the leading health system corner stones with the aim of improving service delivery and achieving justice. The aim of present study is evaluation the performance of health team in implementation of family physician program in health centers of Bardaskan.Methods & materials: In this cross-sectional study, 7 rural health centers which were affiliated with Bardaskan health center of Khorasan Razavi enrolled with census sampling method. The information are considered as visit of doctor and midwife, use of laboratory and radiology services, rates of referral and feedback which were collected through registration forms of patient information. In health center, using descriptive statistics, “chi-square” test and statistical analysis were used bySPSS 18.Results: The average number of patients visited by physicians in the study was 11.1 and the average number of references to the laboratorywas 6.6. The different months of the year showed a non-significant relationship (p-value=0.2-p-value=0.3) with these factors. Average percentage of referral was 6.6; there was significant difference in different months. (pvalue= 0.003) Conclusion: Currenttrends in family physician performance do not show much changein term of visited patients by physicians and using the laboratory services. This could be due to the lack of an active approach in screening and service delivery. The possible reason for downside steps can be due to presence of specialist physician and self-referring of patients directly to the city physicians in order to get health services.

Introduction: Job stress is one of the most common hazards in workplaces and threatens employee’s physical and mental health. The purpose of the study is determining job stress in operating room and anesthesia technicians.Methods & materials: Seventy eight operating room and anesthesia technicians enrolled in this descriptive-analytical study in Zahedan Ali-Ebne-Abitaleb Hospital in 2014. Data collection tool was the Osipow occupational questionnaire. Data was analyzed by SPSS v.15 software using descriptive and analytical (ANOVA, T-Test, Chi-Square) statistical methods.Results: Most of the operating room and anesthesia technicians had slight stress. Average score of total stress in surgical and anesthesia technicians was 200.57±20.88 and 207.24±25.30 respectively. The most frequent stressor in both groups was role ambiguity. There is a significant relationship between rate of job stress with age (p=0.008) and work experience (0.009).Conclusion: Regarding the most importance of job stressors, related to role ambiguity, there seems to be a potential need in considering and modifying these factors.

Introduction: Having appropriate nutrition for children under two years of age is the most important factor in ensuring the healthy life, growth and development in the following years.The aim of this study was survey of the knowledge and attitudes of mothers referring to health centers of Ilam city about the nutrition of children under two years of age.Methods & materials: Three hundred women referring to health centers of Ilam were randomly selected to enroll in this cross sectional study. The questionnaire was consisted of two parts. The first part was demographic questions and the second had 12 knowledge questions and 11 questions related to attitude of mothers about breast feeding and complementary feedings. The data was analyzed by using spss-16 software, chi-square and ANOVA tests.Results: The mean age of participants was 29.75 years. The results showed that 13.3% of mothers had favorable nutrition knowledge, 67.7% were partially favorable and the rest were unfavorable. Also, 17.3% had favorable attitudes, 62% were partially favorable and 20.7% of mothers with children under two years of age had unfavorable attitude about nutrition in two first years of life. The results showed that there is significant relation between age of mothers and attitude toward feeding the children of under two years of age (p<0.05).Conclusion: According to the result, the knowledge and attitude is pretty good but some mothers, espicially younger ones, do not have knowledge about nutrition. So, we must pay more attention to this group and perform appropriate educational programs about nutrition of children under two years of life.

Introduction: Everyone on first working days in an organization requires specialized training related to their job duties, in order not to cause any activity and behavioral harm. So, the aim of the present study, is evaluating the effect of “initial education” on knowledge and attitude of Kashan University of Medical Science’s health team in2007-2013.Methods & materials: Two hundred and three new employees of Kashan University of medical Science were chosen by census. Study data was gathered by a researcher made questionnaire which was filled by participants as pre- and post-test. The questionnaire was validated by a pilot study. descriptive analysis was done by SPSS 16 software.Results: Mean of the pre-, post-test and upgrade scores were 50.55, 64.44, 15.3 respectively.Number of training courses, trainers, annually enforcement units were 41, 29, 14 respectively.The highest and lowest pre-test is department store drug supplies in 90years and statistics in 91, the highest and lowest post-test is mental health 91 and department store drug supplies 90, the highest and lowest promote is school health 91 and health education 86.Conclusion: Proper “initial training” can effectively increase new employee’s skills. This program requires special attention and annual revision according to new occupational needs.Successful trainings will increase services quality and provide satisfaction for employees.

Introduction: Contamination of dental unit water lines has received a great deal of attraction in recent years mainly due to its role in bacterial infection among immunocom promised and vulnerable people. The purpose of this study was microbiological evaluation of dental units outflow operating in private clinics and the dental units active at dentistry faculty of Kurdistan university, Sanandaj, Iran.Methods & materials: In this descriptive analytical study the total number of 250 water samples were collected; four specimen per unit. The samples were cultured on the specific media and the number of bacterial colonies were counted after keeping at 37°c for 48 hours.Results: The result of this study showed no strong indication to claim a significant difference between private clinics and university units in terms of bacterial infections. However, in average the contamination level of the specimens obtained from the private dental clinics was lower than those found from the university’s units. A notable decline of the contamination in handpieces’ water was observed after flushing. Compared to the water of handpieces, the contamination of tap water was also observed to be lower.Conclusion: The result of this study showed that microbiological level of dental unit water lines is high. The dentists must be aware of the high level of microorganisms in the dental unit's water and thus minimize the risk of infection for both staff and patients.

Introduction: the growth of population and pollutions of discharge types of urban, industrial and agricultural wastewaters, leachate of disposal waste, spread the pollution in water resources and limited this resources. Survey of pollution and Evaluation of water quality in rivers with OWQI and GIS are effective tools for management of impact of environmental water resource.Methods & materials: this survey is cross-sectional and quality parameters determined. this parameters is: Temperature, Fecal Coliform (F.C), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5), Nitrates (NO3), Total Phosphate (PO4), pH, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Turbidity, total solid (TS(.Sampling for watershed was carried out over 12 month from 6 station Also this data analyzed with OWQI index, then river basis on quality of water was zoning by GIS.Results: The average of OWQI between 6 station, the highest average was 33.04, which corresponds to ‘‘very bad’’ quality water at the sampling point 1 (best station) and decreased to around 14.55 (very bad quality) at the sampling point 6. The association between sampling month and water quality index was statistically significant (p<0.05). for drinking uses, sampling point 1 were suitable than other sampling points. This station,s water with pH adjustment and primarily treatment can sues for drinking.Conclusion: With physical, chemical and biological agent monitoring and also with control of water quality indexes this points, we observed impact of environmental pollution in the length of river. This situation of river shown, river changed to wastewater channel and quality and quantity of water in this river were changed.