HAYAT
Year:2011 | Volume:17 | Issue:3|Papers Count:9

Background & Aim: Bacterial vaginosis is characterized by an imbalance in vaginal natural discharges due to an overgrowth of anaerobic bacteria as well as a concomitant decrease in the number of lactobacilli and increase in vaginal PH to more than 4.5. Bacterial vaginosis increases the risk of pelvic inflamatory disease, postoperative infection following hysterectomy, cervix abnormal cytology and preterm birth. Microbial resistance and a growing tendency to move toward "natural therapies" have led to increase interests in nonantibiotic treatments for bacterial vaginosis. This study aimed to compare the effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus suppository and Metronidazol vaginal tablet on treatment of bacterial vaginosis.Methods & Materials: In a double-blind, paralled randomized clinical trial, 40 out of 300 participants were included in the study from an outpatient private gynaecology clinic in Tabriz, Iran. The participants were randomly allocated to two treatment groups of Lactobacilli suppository and Metronidazol vaginal tablet.Results: The cure rate for the Metronidazol group and the Lactobacilli supository group were 100 and 75 per cents, respectively.Conclusion: According to the results of this study, Metronidazol was more effective in treatment of bacterial vaginosis than the Lactobacilli suppository. A combination of these medications are suggested for resistant to treatment cases.

Background & Aim: Cigarette smoking is a common risky behavior among teenagers. Theories and models of health education aim to design effective educational programs. This study has been conducted to assess the effect of a health education program designed based on the health belief model on preventive smoking behaviors among female teenagers.Methods & Materials: In this quasi-experimental study, 176 female teenagers from the Educational Cultural Centers of 17 zones of Tehran Municipality were randomly allocated to two equal experiment and control groups (88 girls in each group). The designed educational program was presented to the experiment group through three lecture and question/answer 45 minute sessions. Data were collected using a questionnaire before and eight weeks after the intervention. Data were analyzed using the SPSS-16.Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups in the characteristics of the participants before the intervention.Comparison of the two experiment and control groups after education showed that the mean score of all studied constructs of the health belief model (i.e., susceptibility, severity, benefits and barriers, cues to action), as well as the preventive behaviors were increased significantly.Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the program seems to be helpful in promoting the smoking preventive behavior among teenagers.

Background & Aim: Spiritual well-being, religion, and hope are important factors in coping with cancer among patients. Nurses need to understand these concepts within a cultural context. This study aimed to determine the relationship between spiritual well-being, religion, and hope in patients with cancer.Methods & Materials: In this cross-sectional study, 164 patients with cancer were selected using sequential convenience sampling method.Data were collected using a four-part questionnaire. Descriptive analysis, Pearson correlation and multivariate regression analysis were used to analyses the data.Results: There were significant correlations between the existential well-being, religious well-being, and the hope. There were also significant correlations between the intrinsic religious, religious practices, and the hope. Existential well-being, organizational religiousness and intrinsic religious beliefs predicted hope.Conclusion: The results of this study emphasized on the importance of the spiritual well-being and religion as variables affecting on hope in patients with cancer. This would help nurses and clinical specialists to focus on religion and spirituality well-being in order to increase hope in the patients.

Background & Aim: Physiologic signs of anxiety usually change hemodynamic variables in patients undergoing heart catheterization.This study carried out to determine the effect of Orientation Program on hemodynamic variables in patient undergoing heart catheterization.Methods & Materials: In this experimental study, 60 patients undergoing heart catheterization were randomly assigned to either the test or control group. Data were collected using the demographic checklist and a hemodynamic variables checklist for recording hemodynamic variables. The collected data were analyzed using the Chi-square, repeated measurement, and independent t test in the SPSS.Results: According to the results, there were significant reductions in the systolic and diastolic blood pressures, pulse rate, respiratory rate and systolic left ventricle pressure in the intervention group after the intervention (P<0.05). There were no significant statistical difference between the two groups in systolic aorta pressure (P=0.173), diastolic aorta pressure (P=0.104), and end diastolic left ventricle pressure (P=0.886).Conclusion: Orientation program had positive effects on most of the hemodynamic variables in the intervention group. The Orientation program is recommended to be used during invasive diagnostic procedures in order to prohibit anxiety’s physiologic complications.

Background & Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between nurses’ knowledge about pain and satisfaction from pain relieving procedures among postoperative CABG patients in selected Tehran medical university hospitals.Methods & Materials: In this cross-sectional study, 100 nurses were recruited from the ICU Open heart. Also, 200 patients were selected from whom underwent CABG in 24 hours after surgery and were extubated using a simple random sampling method. Data were gathered using two questionnaires including 17 question about demographic characteristics of patients and their satisfaction, and 36 questions about demographic characteristics and nurses’ knowledge about pain and pain control after the CABG. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential methods using SPSS-11.5.Results: There was not significant relationship between the nurses’pain knowledge and the patients’ satisfaction. However, there were a significant relationship between the knowledge of the nurses about pain control after the CABG and the patients satisfactions (r=0.209, P=0.037).Conclusion: According to the findings of the study, there were some significant relationships between the nurses demographic and pain knowledge with the pain control after the CABG. There was also significant relationship between patients’ satisfaction and some of them demographic characteristics.

Background & Aim: Hemodialysis patients have reduced physical capacity for various reasons resulting in increased dependence on others. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a designed exercise program on physical capacity using the Six-Minute Walking Test (6MWT) in hemodialysis patients.Methods & Materials: In a quasi-experimental design, 25 hemodialysis patients were selected conveniently from three hospitals of Tehran. The patients in the experimental group (n=12) followed a designed exercise program three days per week, which lasted for 8 weeks. The participants in the experimental group had to exercise for 20 minutes immediately after dialysis sessions followed by a 10-minute bed rest and deep slow breaths, with their eyes closed. The control group (n=13) did not receive any treatment. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied for data analysis using SPSS-18.Results: The difference in the means of the 6MWT was not statistically significant at the start and end of the fourth and eighth weeks of the exercise program in both groups. However, comparison of these values in the experimental group before and after the intervention was clinically significant, although not statistically significant.Conclusion: In this study, physical capacity increased after performing the exercise in the experimental group, but this value was not statistically significant. Further studies are recommended in the field.

Background & Aim: Pregnancy experience can be a kind of crisis in women's lives. Different forms of anxiety can make problems in pregnant women. This study aimed to determine the effect of attachment education on anxiety and attachment behaviors of first-time mothers.Methods & Materials: In this clinical trial, 84 primigravida women were selected from two hospitals in Shirazi using convenience sampling.The participants were randomly allocated to the test and control groups.Data were collected using a personal data form, the Anxiety Inventory Spielberger, and the maternal infant attachment tab view. The intervention group received four two-hour sessions during one month training course on attachment behavior. Maternal attachment behaviors were shaped Weekly on the forms. The control group received usual care of pregnancy. At the first day after the delivery, the researchers observed mothers attachment behavior during breastfeeding in all groups using Avant sheet without informing the mothers. Data were analyzed using statistical tests such as Chi-square, T-test, and pairedt -test.Results: The mean of the anxiety score was no significantly different before the intervention between the groups (P=0.59). The average anxiety scores was statistically significant after the intervention in the two groups (P=0.003). Also, average scores on the attachment of mothers with the breastfeeding infants was statistically different (P<0.001) in the intervention group.Conclusion: Attachment behavior training reduces anxiety and increases maternal attachment.

Background & Aim: Infants are very sensitive and special attention is needed to take care of their physical and mental health. Some studies showed that massage by parents can improve infants’ sleep quality.The aim of this study was to compare the effect of massage with sunflower oil or sesame oil on infants’ crying and sleep times.Methods & Materials: This triple-blinded clinical trial was conducted on 120 infants who were 10-15 days old, full-term, single, exclusively breastfed and with no history of hospitalization. The infants were assigned randomly into three groups of sunflower oil massage, sesame oil massage and massage with no oils. Mothers administered 15 minutes of massage to their infants twice per day (morning and afternoon) for 28 days. Times of crying and sleep were measured by a parents’ information form at baseline, and at the end of the first, second, third, and fourth weeks of the study. Data were analyzed using the repeated measures ANOVA.Result: Within four weeks of following, decreasing pattern of infants crying time was not significant (P=0.18), however, the mean of crying time between the three groups was significant (P=0.007). The interaction effect of crying time and groups was not significant (P=0.18). Increasing pattern of infant sleep time was statistically significant in the fourth weeks of the following (P<0.001), however, the mean of sleep time between three groups was not significant (P<0.56). The interaction effect of sleeping time and groups was not significant (P<0.10).Conclusion: Since there were not statistical significant differences between the infants’ crying and sleep times between the three groups, and despite the fact that increasing pattern of infants sleep time is a normal pattern, it is not possible to have a proper conclusion.