JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE FACULTY OF LETTERS AND HUMANITIES
Year:2009 | Volume:41 | Issue:4 (163)|Papers Count:14

Love in Avicenna’s works is under the impact of Plato’s opinion on one side, and has found new semantic and conceptual functions through his clever attitudes, on the other. Avicenna has had a considerable role in completing the theory of love and his opinions about mystical love have impressed the mystics in the following periods. The most famous works written by him about the topic are: A Treatise on the Nature of Love (Resaala fi Maahiyat al-Eshgh) and a part of the 8th Namat of al-EShaaraat wa at-Tanbihaat. In addition to the study of love in the works of Avicenna, the writer of this article also studies love in the works of the Sufis, preceding Avicenna.

Linguists consider syllable as a basic linguistic unit with an internal hierarchal structure. Studying speech production process, psycholinguists have also confirmed the importance of syllables as a linguistic unit in this process. This article deals with studying some speech errors (slips of the tongue) in order to validate the identity of syllables as a linguistic unit in speech production process.

Many festivals and related rituals are somehow related to mythological beliefs and the myth of creation. Some of these ceremonies are forgotten throughout the years but their traces can be seen in the anecdotes and old stories. The writers of this article have studied mythic-traditional motifs in the story of Kharreh be Maah and Bahraam Gour in Marzbaan Naameh.

The writers of this article introduce the ideational metafunction of language and its effect on understanding the educational concepts. To do this, the writers have semantically analyzed the ‘Reading’ (Bekhaanim) books of the first to fifth grades of elementary schools. Schools classified proportional allocation and systemic random sampling have been used as sampling methods. The results of the research suggest that the verbs (Halliday’s process) included in the studies textbooks,.have not been distributed according to linguistic and psychological principles. The irregular distribution of processes proves this claim.

Down through ages, similar stories and legends in world literature, have attracted readers’ attentions from different nations, times and generations, with different cultures and languages. These stories often relate the old stories of love, human nature, and the broken image of man’s ideals when confronted with the bitter realities of life. The common sharing point among all of the world masterpieces is the stories of such a confrontation and the remembrance of such a pain of the soul. This article is an attempt to examine the similarities between two classical romances: The Death of Arthur by Sir Thomas Malory published in the 15th century and versified narration of Khosro and Shirin by Nizami Ganjavi written at the 12th century: It is interesting to note that the authors of these kinds of stories and romances did not know each other and have no access to each other’s works, but they related stories with so many resemblances, similar themes and alike anguished characters. Thus their stories turned up to illuminate truths about love and the breakdown of man’s ideals.

Social and cultural changes have always been under the effect of political changes of a nation. Sometimes a poet, a scholar or a writer becomes the center of attention in a society. Bakhazri is one of these poets, although he is one of the greatest Iranian scholars in Arabic literature, he is not known among ordinary people. The writer of this article introduces this great poet in his article.

In seeking new horizons, modem Arabic poetry is trying to discover new musical forms for expressing modem and contemporary meaning. Phonetic music of words and letters versus the music of the lines, the music of thought Versus the prosodic music, and the1nternal expressive music versus the external compound music, are among the newest musical forms of modern Arabic poetry. The most importanf feature of these new musical forms is that, word is considered as the “musical unit”of the poetry.

This article first presents the views and opinions about the date when Arabs entered the southern parts of Khorasan, and then studies the Arabic, dialect of the region. This dialect covers a geographical area in the city of Darmiyaan which is located in the eastern parts of the city of Birjand, including the villages of Khalaf, Darre Charm, Saraab, Mohammadiye, and Rood Robaat. The writers of this article have tried to study the different features of this dialect and the historians’ views about these tribes, to find an appropriate answer for the exact date of their arrival to the region.

The writer of this article studies the motif of death, which is one of the most recurrent poetic images in the elegies of Sayyed-e-Razi. After a brief reference to the importance of simile and its role in the poetry, especially elegies, the writers of the article have found some, classified and discussed them from different viewpoints. The writers have also shown the degree of innovation and creativity of the poet, and the value and the kind of feeling these similes evoke. The writers have finally concluded that the poet’s treatment with the question of death is somehow different with those of his contemporaries.

Literary kinds (genres) are considered as the main issue in world literature. Tabari literature with its long history and having different literary kinds is very rich in literary content, especially in the area of poetry. Since the poetry of this area has been accompanied with music, it has preserved its originality. Lyric poetry is the most important kind of literature in this area which has been named as Tabari or Tavri.

‘Subject’ is one of the words that is used along with some of the literary terms in the area of ‘meaning.’ The definitiqn of subject is not the same in different sources and is often contradictory and is used as a synonym for some terms that have their own definition and usage. Subject has different meanings in different sciences. Subject is not principally a literary topic and it would be a mistake if it is used with other literary terms.

Philosophical thoughts are widely discussed in fourth, fifth, and the early years of sixth centuries in Persian literature. Many poets have expressed their philosophical thoughts in their works. Great poets like Roudaki, Abu Shakour Balkhi, Ferdowsi, and Khayyam of Neishabour are some of these poets. Ferdowsi, as a great poet has expressed his philosophical ideas in the form of satire. The writers of this article have studied satire and its different kinds. Then, philosophical satire is presented as a kind of satire that appears in Shahnaame and some samples of this kind are studied in the article.