Iranian Journal of Pediatric Dentistry
Year:2018 | Volume:13 | Issue:2 |Papers Count:10

Background: Using fissure sealant is a main method to prevent the occlusal dental caries. The purpose of this study was to determine the knowledge, attitude and practice students’ parents of Karaj city about fissure sealant in 2017. Materials and methods: In this analytical descriptive research, 384 parents were evaluated. The data collection tool was a questionnaire. Students, dental caries and use of fissure sealant were recorded by direct examination of the students. Spearman Correlation was used to study the relationship between demographic variables and dependent variables. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to determine the twoway correlation between knowledge, attitude and practice scores. Results: More than half of students had dental caries on their first permanent molar. Frequency of fissure sealant using was 10. 7%. The mean score of the parents' knowledge was 4. 18 ± 1. 84out of 8 and was at a medium level. Parents' awareness of the use of fissure sealant was significantly related to occupation, number of children and parent’ s education. The mean score of the parents' attitude was 29. 36± 3. 12 in good level. Parents' attitudes were significantly related to the occupation and education of parents. The average practice score of the parents was 16. 7± 2. 5 and was in good level. Parents' practice was significantly associated with the occupation of the parents. The relationship between knowledge and attitude, the relationship between knowledge and practice, and attitude with the performance were significant. Conclusion: Results of this study showed that the practice and attitude of students, parents of Karaj city regarding use of fissure sealant were relatively high, but awareness was medium.

Background: As a national policy all Iranian children under two-years-old should consume oral supplements such as iron, A+D vitamin, and multivitamin drops. Sugars and acids are widely used in pediatric medications including supplements, and long-term consumption of these drugs is associated with higher risk of dental decay and erosion. Consideraing the importance of nutritional supplementation for children, and the lack of research regarding sugar type, amount of acidity and viscosity of Iranian medications, the aim of the present study is to determine the sugar type, pH, and viscosity in common nutritional supplements in children. Materials and methods: In this experimental study, we extract the first fifty liquid pediatric medications (more than a million pack sales in one year), according to the Pharmaceutical Statistics of Food and Drug Administration of the Islamic Republic of Iran. By asking pediatricians from Childern’ s Medical Center and Phamacists from the selected pharmacies in Tehran, the most prescribed and sold pediatric liquid oral supplements were determined. Filnally we selected 24 supplements and two samples of each medicine were provided. In the next step we determined the sugar type based on labeling information, the pH using the pH meter pp-15 device, and the viscosity by Dial Reading Viscometer device. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistical methods. Results: From 24 supplements, only six medications offered information about the sugar component (sodium saccharin) and the others provide none information. In terms of the acidity of the drugs, all drugs placed in the critical pH (lower than 5. 5). The mean of pH in AD drops, iron drops, multivitamin drops, and other supplements were 4. 12, 1. 9, 3. 2, and 4, respectively. In addition, the mean of viscosity in all medications was low and desirable, which in millipascal-second (mPa-s). level. The mean of viscosity in AD drops, iron drops, multivitamin drops, and other supplements were 38. 1, 22. 4, 38. 6, and 27. 3 mPa-s, respectively. Conclusion: Due to the lack of appropriate information on the labeling of the supplements, the pharmaceutical companies should offer sufficient information about their products to increase the awareness of parents to choose supplements with less risk of dental caries. Considering the pH was lower than the critical level in all medications, providing necessary standards by the pharmaceutical companies enjoys a special importance. In addition, applying the preventive dental care after supplements consumption by parents should be adviced. Due to the favorable viscosity levels of the supplements, it seems that the pH of the drug is the most important factor regarding dental caries and erosion

Background: The purpose of this study is investigating the relationship between parents' health information literacy and the oral health status of elementary school students in Education District 2 Kerman in 1394-95. Materials and methods: The research method is descriptive correlational. Using Morgan's table, a sample size of 370 people was estimated, of which 332 responded to the questionnaire in full. Cluster sampling method is used. The results were evaluated using Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis using SPSS 21 software. Results: The results showed that there is a positive relationship between parents' health information literacy and oral health status among elementary students. In the multi-variable relationship, decision making and behavior, assessment, understanding and comprehension, access, and reading, respectively, had the most relationship with the oral health variable. Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that increasing parental health literacy leads to proper parenting behavior and improves behaviors to improve oral and dental health.

Background: The children's cooperation level affects choosing the appropriate treatment plan and the outcome. Undoubtedly, they have the most communication with parents, whose attention towards the children's oral health is increasingly growing. This study evaluated the relationship between the children's dental fear and cooperation with their parents' general health. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was done on 193 children in two age groups of 4-6 and 6-12-year-old. The Children's Fear Survey Schedule Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS) and Frankle's behavior rating scale were used to respectively assess the children’ s dental fear and degree of cooperation with dental examinations and practices. Moreover, the parents' personality traits and general health was assessed by using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). Statistical analyses were done by using SPSS software through T-test and ANOVA. Results: The parents' general health rate was 68. 2% in the group with dental fear and 65. 9% in the group who had no dental fear, with no significant difference. Nor was it correlated with the child's cooperation level (P=0. 830). Dental fear was not correlated with sex, as it was reported by 14. 2% of boys and 8. 1% of girls (P=0. 193). However, Frankle's rate revealed a significant correlation between the children's age and cooperation; the older group being far more cooperative than the youngers (P=0. 02). Conclusion: The current findings revealed that there is no significant relationship between the parents' general health and the children’ s cooperation. Yet, the children's age is directly correlated with their level of cooperation.

Background: Due to the increasing desire to the application of chemical therapy for periodontal disease among dentists, the percentage of inappropriate drug prescription is also on the rise. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of inappropriate antibiotic and mouthwashes prescription among general dentists participating in the pediatric dentistry congress. Materials and methods: This descriptive analytical study was done with the aid of two questionnaires distributed among 60 randomly chosen general dentists participating in pediatric dentistry congress. Results: The highest percentage of antibiotic prescription was related to periodontal abscess (81%) while no one prescribed antibiotic for refractory periodontitis. About 60% of general dentists prescribed antibiotics before or during treatment. Only 15% of dentists, had done surgical treatment and mechanic a l debridement on patients with pocket depth more than 4 mm before mouthwash prescription. About 15% of dentists were not confirmed mouthwash prescription alone for periodontitis. Conclusion: Around 75% of dentists’ antibiotic prescription was inappropriate. Moreover 66. 6% of them were also considered the wrong duration for antibiotic therapy.

Background: dental anxiety in children is indicated as a problem in controlling the patients. The effect of this fear continues till adolescence and leads to prevention from dentist tasks which outcome is loss of mouth health. Therefore, the present study was carried out by the purpose of examining the effectiveness of neuro feedback on children dental anxiety. Materials and methods: the methodology of this study is semi-experimental. The statistical population of the research includes all the children in 9 to 12 years old referring to dentistry centers of Tabriz in 2017. They are selected through on random sampling as 26 people using the questionnaire of dentist anxiety and randomly assigned into two experimental (8 individuals) and control groups (8 individuals). The experimental group was under neuro feedback therapy for 5 weeks, in 3-30 min sessions a week and control group did not receive the same training as the intervention group. Data was analyzed by SPSS software and MANOVA. Results: Based on the research findings there is significant relationship between pretest scores and post-test's in two groups. The pre-test anxiety scores in both groups were close to 16 and after the treatment of neuro feedback, the mean anxiety of the experimental group was reduced to 9, but the mean anxiety level of the control group was 16, thus, the neuro feedback treatment reduced the dental anxiety of the children in the experimental group. Conclusion: These results indicates that this method, like other treatment and replacing techniques could be used to decrease children dental anxiety.

Introduction: Avulsion of permanent teeth is one of the most serious dental injuries, and a prompt and correct emergency management is very important for the prognosis. Case presentation: An eight-years-old female patient’ s maxillary left central incisor avulsed and the avulsed tooth kept in glass contained milk and ice and replanted in 75 minutes. After 18 months there weren’ t any sign and symptom of abnormality and the root continued its formation. Conclusion: Healing is further complicated by the conditions of the avulsion accident, replantation management, and patient-specific factors. An understanding of the relative contribution of each of these variables to healing is imperative for the development of guidelines and clinical standards for the management of avulsed teeth.