ZANKO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES
Year:2016 | Volume:17 | Issue:52|Papers Count:9

Background and Aim: Prudent and rational use of antimicrobial is possible by forming local, national and global wide antibiogram. Aim of this study was to determination of antibiotic-resistant prevalence Klebsiella pneumonia isolated from patients in Besat Hospital, Sanandaj, Iran.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study to evaluate the prevalence of antibiotic resistance of Klebsiella pneumonia was performed during 2013 and 2014 in Besat Hospital. After the identification of Klebsiella pneumonia isolates by microbiological method, antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by disk diffusion according to CLSI standards. For data analysis software Excel 2013 and SPSS v22 was used.Results: Through the total of 1563 Specimens, in which 67 Klebsiella pneumonia (4.28%) was isolated. the highest percent of Klebsiella related to the ICU ward (28.36%) and women ward (26.86%) were isolated. Most strains of Klebsiella pneumonia isolated from urine samples (67.16%) and the lowest it from blood samples (4.47%), respectively. The highest sensitivity to imipenem (73.81%) and gentamicin (70.91%) and the highest resistance to Trimetoprim-sulfamethoxazole (53.73%) and ceftriaxone (49.25%) was seen.Conclusion: The results showed an increase in strains of Klebsiella pneumonia to antibiotics trimethoprim- sulfamethoxazole and ceftriaxone, which may cause irregular use of this antibiotics. It is recommended that the unnecessary use of antibiotics must be avoided.

Background and Aim: hospital-acquired infections have constantly been threatening for in patients. The hands with sufficient water and soap removes more than 90% of) surface contaminants (. Therefore, the aim of this study was to Microbial Pollution of liquid soap in Imam Khomeini Hospital in Divandarreh city.Materials and Methods: In this study, 30 samples were taken from different departments of Divandarreh city hospital. The samples were transferred to laboratory with the aid of sterile swabs in sterile broth media-contained tubes. In order to incubate the samples, B.A (blood agar), EMB and Chopman media were used. After 24 hours, Samples positive in microbial contamination were separated and differentiated according to standard methods. In this differentiation, five differential media were used. Excel software was Used for data analysis.Results: In this study, 13.3% of samples were reported positive for microbial contamination in which the largest contamination was related to Coagulase - negative staphylococci (10%). With respect to microbial contamination at different hospital departments, the delivery department showed the highest percentage of contamination.Conclusion: According to our results, we conclude following some guidelines concerning use of hand-washing liquid and washing the hands in special respective locations, as washed the soap container after each full discharge, play a significant role in lower contamination.

Background and Aim: Character as a whole person distinguishes it from and each has its unique features that affect different aspects of behavior. Body and mind are interdependent and for having health should be both enjoying good health. If one patient may be, have another disease. This study was conducted to assess the type of personality and emotional.Materials and Methods: The study was descriptive. The study population of 410 students (207 males and 203 females). Sampling students multi-stage stratified random was. Collecting instrument was an Eysenck personality type’s questionnaire. Spss18 data were analyzed by statistical software.Results: The results showed that 291 students suffer in the range of mild mental disorders (Neurosis) and severe (psychosis) and of whom 47 (%11.46) with severe mental disorders (psychosis) are. The highest number of people with mental disorders has an extroverted personality type and type is unstable.Conclusion: Due to the high statistics of mental disorders, it is necessary to be more dynamic in university and the diagnosis and treatment of patients in the early stages to help mental health of students.

Background and Aim: The prevalence of cancer in different parts has different patterns. Knowing frequency of malignancies in different age groups, the primary component of prevention programs at different levels is. Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in women. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of breast cancer in Kermanshah has been ten years.Materials and Methods: The study was a retrospective historical cohort. The data were extracted from health Center cancer registry of Kermanshah province during 2004 to 2013. Data analysis was performed using the software SPSS18.Results: The results of this study showed that during the ten -year statistics of 1976 people have been diagnosed with breast cancer, The most frequent breast cancer and 260 (%13.16) is in 1392. Among women aged 40-49 years, and among women aged 40-49 years have the highest risk of this cancer.Conclusion: Ten -year statistics shows the increase in the incidence of breast cancer in Kermanshah had cancer. According to the cancer registry system has better performance than in the past, but likelihood of increasingly frequent due to changing lifestyles and increased breast cancer risk factors also clearly be seen. With planning for primary prevention can be do effective measures to reduce or diagnose the disease at an early stage.

Background and Aim: Antibiotic resistance in Shigella spp., is considered in the past two decades has increased due to indiscriminate use of antimicrobial agents. The aim of this current study was the survey of tetracycline resistance genes in Shigella sonnei isolated from acute pediatric with bacterial diarrhea using Multiplex PCR method and their antibiotic resistance patterns.Materials and Methods: In a period of 10 months from April- January 2015, 60 Shigella spp. were isolated from non-duplicative diarrheal stool specimens. The isolates were analyzed for their antibiotic susceptibility using the CLSI guidelines M100-S14. MPCR was performed for amplification of the tetA, tetB, tetC and tetD genes.Results: Out of 300 tested stool samples, 60 (20%) S. sonnei were isolated. All strains (100%) were resistance to Streptomycin and Nalidixic acid. The results of antimicrobial susceptibility test showed that the percentage of resistance to tetracycline, chloramphenicol and ampicillin were 86.7%, 91.8% and 50% respectively. Eighty-five percent and 86.6% of isolates were susceptible to gentamicin and ciprofloxacin. The MPCR results revealed that 5% (3.60), 91.6% (55.60) of Shigella isolates carried tetC and tetA genes. No tetB and tetD genes were detected.Conclusion: The tetA gene may play a role in the tetracycline resistance strain. Overall, Continuous monitoring is necessary to prevention of the spread of antibiotic resistance elements.

Background and Aim: Development Goals and reducing regional disparities in developing countries depends on regional planning that is necessary to identify development areas relative to each other. The aim of this study was to assess the benefit of the city of Fars province in terms of health, education, cultural and municipal services is based on 2010 statistics.Material and Methods: The evaluation according to the dominant approach of this research is descriptive and quantitative analysis and the cities ranking and analyzed with scalogram method that ultimately classified to three levels include: less Developed, Developed and more Developed and the position of each cities was found in terms of development. The study population included 25 Fars cities that are rankings based on 20 indicators. Data analysis was performed based on the Scalogram method.Result: The results showed that and Mamasani and Bavanat cities were in the first level and Zarin dasht and shiraz were in last level in terms of training index. Bavanat, Lamerd and mohr were in first level and Farashband, Firozabad, Kazeron and Zarindasht were in last level in terms of Health Index. In terms of cultural index, Lamerd were in first and Marvdasht, Fasa and Mamasani in last level.Conclusion: The result showed that there is a gap between Fars province cities in terms of benefited indicator monitored and Shiraz city, despite the political and economic center due to the high population, were in less developed level based on scalogram method.

Background and Objectives: The goal of the present research is to study the relationship between the demographic variables (educational level, employment of mothers and child gender) and the level of anxiety among children 5 to 6 years old.Methods: This cross-sectional study in 1394, over 1, 000 employment parents of preschool children in Qazvin that children aged 5-6 years old were selected by cluster sampling was performed. Spence Preschool Anxiety Scale for data collection was used. Data were analyzed with Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficient.Results: The results showed that the employment of mothers had significant relationship and social phobia, but there was no significant relationship with other anxiety disorders (0.01>P, 0.05>P), there was a significant relationship between sex and a score of specific phobias, between mother's education level and score generalized anxiety, social phobia, obsessivecompulsive, specific phobias, separation anxiety and post-traumatic stress there is no significant relationship was observed.Conclusion: In general, the results showed that the employment of mothers has a significant role in the level of anxiety among children.

Background and Objective: In addition to benefits of the Internet, it's no doubt; that can created new problems or aggravating old problems. the aim of this research is to predicted Internet addiction that based on five big personality factors (NEO) which was among the students.Methods: This study design correlational - descriptive. The study populations consisted of all paramedical students of Sanandaj in 2015, among a sample of 184 students were selected as sample available NEO personality traits and completed the Young's Internet Addiction questionnaire. For analyze the data use the Software Spss16 and regression analysis statistical test was performed.Results: Results showed that personality traits of neuroticism and introversion with Internet addiction has a significant positive relationship (P<0.01), (R=0.035). Since the Introverts in comparison with extroverts had little interest to social relations and prefer loneliness, therefore they have more potential to internet addiction.