Jundishapur Scientific Medical Journal
Year:2000 | Volume:- | Issue:28|Papers Count:14

The main objective of this study is assessment of knowledge, attitude, and practice(KAP) of nursing mothers at work places about breast feeding and weaning foods. 213 subjects were selected from child-care centers, educational organizations, hospitals and private sectors and questionnaires were completed by trained students. Data were analyzed by EPI-INFO#6 software. Results indicate that 86.3 per cent of mothers had begun the breast feeding during 2 hours postpartum. Half of mothers had one child. Mean marriage age was 24.3±3.7 years and mean lactation period was 14months. 71.4% of mothers had started the breakfast with cereals. 93.4% of subjects would like to feed their infants with their own milk but only 68.2% of them desired to breast feed at work place. There was a statistically significant relationship between time of starting the complimentary foods and mother"s problems at work places (P<0.02). Moreover, it was observed that higher education levels were associated with more knowledge about benefits of human milk. We conclude that there is a distinct gap between knowledge to practice of mothers and it seems that more education and inter-sectoral co-operations are needed for obtaining better results.

In order to determine the prevalence of hypertension in Ahwaz city population which have been living in this city during the eight year imposed war, a sample of over thirty years old population was taken using the cluster sampling approach. The sample size 2900 included 1534 women and 1366 men. It was shown that the prevalence of hypertension is 26.29 , 6.26,4.96, and 1.86% for mild, moderate, Severe and isolated, respectively. The prevalence in women and men is statistically significant (P=0.008). There is no significance difference between the various racial minority in Ahwaz (Arab, Lor and others). The prevalence of hypertension in Ahwaz city is siginficantely higher compared to yazd city for moderate, severe and isolated hypertension (P<0.003). It seems that the imposed war in Ahwaz city can be considered as a factor enhancing the blood pressure. Based on 160/95 figure, the prevalence of hypertension in Ahwaz city is equal to 27% (28.3% women and 25.5% men) which is higher compared to Yazd city (17%).

Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy or esophagogastrduodenoscopy (EGD) is a safe procedure which has many diagnostic advantages in upper gastrointestinallesions. The aim of this study was to report the leading causes of performing EGD in infants and children. In addition, the frequency of detection of Helicobacter pylori in 120 patients (52.5% male, 2mo-13 years & 47.5% female, 5months-12years) was investgated from biopsy speciments and the results were compared with similar studies. The EGDs were performed during the period of January to August 1999 in 39, 36, 15, 12, 4, 3 and 2 patients because of chronic abdominal pain, hematemesis, failure to thrive (FTT), chronic vomiting, melena, recurrent pneumonia and liver cirrhosis, respectively. There were 9 other miscellaneous causes for performing this procedure. The patients with hematemesis were admitted in the ward and the others had the producer as out patients. General anesthesia was not used, however, intravenous midazolam was used in 11(9.2%) patients. Single, double or triple biopsies from the esophaus, antrum or duodenum were obtained from 98(81.6%) cases. The commonest findings which later were confirmed by the histologic reports were gastritis in 21139 (53.8%), 12/31 (38.7%) and 4/28 (14%) followed by gastroduodenitis in 16/39 (41%),8/31 (25.8%) and 4/28 (14%) of the obtained biopsies from the patients with chronic abdominal pain, hematemesis and other causes requiring EGD, respectively. Gastritis, as a single confirmed finding with or without esophagitis or duodenitis was reported in 71(72.4%) of the obtained biopsies. Helicobacter pylori was detected in 52 (73.2%) of these cases and a totaly of 55% of all cases studied. The other significant findings in this study which later confirmed by biopsies were: gastroesophageal reflux (14.2%), avillous duodenal mucosa (8.2%) and celiac disease (7.2%). There were only 3 gastric and 1 duodenal ulcer cases in this study. No complication during or after the procedure was seen. BGD is a safe and tolerable procedure for the evaluation of gastrointestinal diseases in pediatric patients and the high prevalence of Helicobacter pylori demonstrated in this study suggests careful evaluation by treating physicians attending such patients in this area.

Noise stress can affect behavior activities of the living organisms such as learning, memory appetite and even social communications. In this study the effects of acute and chronic noise stresses (intermittent 90-120 dB, 300-350 Hz during night) on acute pain threshold of the female rats have been investigated. Animals kepi on standard conditions, 12 hrs dark and light cycle with free access for food and water. The tail immersign method was used to assess the acute pain threshold. The results showed that the pain thresholds of the animals under acute and chronic noise stresses(5.24±0.34, 8.94±0.12 S) were significantly (P<0.01, P<0.002) higher compared to thresholds obtained from the same animals before the stresses (4.1±0.22,4.020.22 S Nopectively). The resuls of this study suggest that both acute and chronic noise stresses can decrease pain sensation, and this must be considered on the evaluation of the responses of the subjects under various typesly stressors.

The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of skin diseases in slaughterhouse workers and personnel of two Ahwaz hospitals. The project design was based on completion of questionaires and examination of a total of 375 slaughterhouse workers as well as 92 personnel of two hospitals who were in contact with human contaminated sources in the comparison with 205 employees of two hospitals as a control group, during 8 months from 1996 to 1997. Out of 375 slaughterhouse workers, 190 workers (50.66%) were affected by various skin diseases. The detected skin diseases were callosity (19%), tinea versicolor (6%), contact dermatitis, tinea versicolor and callosity (each 3%), contact dermatitis and callosity, hand warts (each 2%), erythrasma, folliculitis, candidia paronychia and tinea pedis (each 1 %). Our survey showed no significant difference among the prevalence of skin diseases of slaughterhouse workers (50.66%) and hospital employees (40.21 %). Meanwhile there was no difference in the prevalence of skin diseases in slaughterhouse workers with control group (50.24%), Finally there was no significant difference in the prevalence of skin disases in the hospital personnel with control group. In other words, the prevalence of skin diseases among slaughterhouse workers were similar with that of hospital workers who were in contact with human contaminated sources and among other hospital employees.

It is well known that the acetaminophen is an excellent antipyretic and analgesic drug. Due to the ease of access of the public to acetaminophen, poisoning with this drug is common. One of the most important adverse effects of acetaminophen poisoning is centrilobullar necrosis in hepatic cells, and dependent on activity of microsomal cytochrome P-450 (CYP) enzymes. The aim of this investigation was to find out the curative effect of propylene glycol, as an inhibitor of CYP2El isozme. Mice were fasted over night, then they were intoxicated by acetaminophen (500mg/kg). After one hour, propyleneglycol (0.5, 1, 2ml/kg) were administered intraperitoneally. The negative control groups were administered propylenglycol (0.5, 1, 2ml/kg) intraperitoneally one hour after administration of acetaminophen vehicle. The positive control groups were administered acetaminophen (500 mg/kg) only. Enzyme activity (ALT, AST), histopathological examination were compared with the control groups. The results revealed that the best therapeutic dose of propyleneglycol was 2ml/kg. Results of enzyme activity as compared with normal control groups showed no significant differences. It seems that propyleneglycol to have curative effects against acetaminophen induced hepatotoxicity in mice.

1803 specimens from male (898) and female(905) students (age groups of 5-10 and 11-15 years) were collected in three - stages from five cities of Khozestan provience Throat swabs were taken from healthy subjects Placed in transport media and transferred to clinical laboratory. After culturing on sheep blood agar media, 13 hemolytic streptococci was identified based on susceptibility to 0.04U Bacitracin discs. Culture results showed that 2.22% (40) of the cases were carriers of this organism. The rate for girls was 2% and for boys was 2.43% and the difference was not statistically significant. Also, the difference between the two age groups was not statistically significant. The prevalence in Ahwaz was 1.89%, Abadan 2.11%, Shoush 3% , Shadegan 3% and in Masjid-soleyman 1.94% while was also not significantly different. Pased on the results of this study, we did not fined out any relationship between the the carrier state of the test group and age, sex and different geographical districts of the Khouzestan provience.

Human hands act in two axis, where the point of crossing is in the central rotation in the head of capitate bone. The carpal index of human hand have a valuable rule in orthopedics and physical1hreapy. In this study we want to investigate the relationship between sex and age with these indexes of carpal kinematic of normal individual in Ahwaz city. By using X-ray radiography at AP. position in the department of radiology of Ahwaz University of Medical Sciences, 230 right and left wrist samples randomly selected. 46.5% males and 53.5% were females with aged between 20-59 years old. In each sample carpal ulnar distance (L3), length of the third metacarpal (L1) and carpal height (L2) were measured. The ratios of L2/ L1 and L3/ L1 were 0.54±0.04 and 0.31±0.04 respectively. There was no relation between age, sex, right and left hand and the data were almost standard. Carpal kinematic hand index is essential for studying the wrist disorder and these indexes would change in pathological cases, regional ligaments shock and dislocation of wrist bones and kienbock"s desease. In doubtful cases of acute dislocation of wrist bone like I unate dislocation or trans-scaphoperilunate dislocation and in pathological cases like kienbock"s diseases, these data can be used as a guide. One of the two wrist hand arthritis method could done by compelete removal of proximal row of wrist according to the personal occupation and hand needs activity.

In recent study 670 student were randomly chosen. The goiter prevalence was 46.3% and 55.7% among the students of Ham and Arkavas respectively. Goiter prevalence rate among females is more than males. Goiter prevalence of two cities were significantly different. The differences between females and males in Arkavas and among females in the two cities were also significant (P<0.05). In comparison, the females have more body growth than male. Although there was no significant corrlation between the weight, height and socioeconomic state and the size of thyroid, but body growth and socioeconomic indicators in Arkavaz are less correlated than the Ham. There was no significent relationship between the thyroid size and urinary iodine excretion. The amount of iodine in the drinking water is 3.2 and 0.65 µg/l respectively. Low level of iodine in the drinking water and protein energy malnutrition are important factors for prevalence of gaiter in the two cities. The results indicate that although the value of urinary iodine was normal, high goiter prevalence might be due to iodine diffeciency in early years of age.

It is proposed that elevation of lipoprotein (a) [LP (a)] serum concentration more than 30mg/dl could be considered as independent risk factor in premature heart diseases. Also it is suggested that oxidative condition speed up the synthesis rate of this particle. Chronic renal failure (CRF) and dialysis are both associated with oxidative stress, and therefore this pathological entity is chosen as suitable medium for investigating the probable effect of oxidative condition on the distribution of LP (a) serum concentration. In this work, for the first time in Iran, a group of patient with CRF under dialysis(n=87) referred to Ahwaz University of Medical Sciences Hospitals and 100 healthy subjects as control group were analysed using Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA). The obtained mean for LP (a) serum concentration in the patients group (24.8 mg/dl) is significantly (P<0.05) higher compared la the control group (14.4mg/dl). This elevation could show the effect of the oxidative stress expected in CRF.