Jundishapur Scientific Medical Journal
Year:2015 | Volume:14 | Issue:6|Papers Count:12

Background and Objectives: Morphological and physiological differences recognized in the cardiovascular system of women compared to men, adaptive responses to exercise are likely to be different. Research about pathological processes in these areas can help in distinguishing the relation of gender and physiological processes of left ventricular hypertrophy and dilation due to exercise.Subjects and Methods: 49 professional male athletes and 40 professional female athletes in running, cycling, basketball and futsal were compared with each other and then each group was compared to 30 non-athletes as a control group and echocardiographic and parameters were studied.Results: Mean ages of male and female were 22 and 23 year old. Minimum duration of exercise was 5 year for 4 hours 5 days in week. Mean left atrial dimension did not statistically differ between male and female athletes (1.9±0.2 cm/m2 vs. 2±0.2cm/m2) and with control groups .The mean left ventricular dimension was 4.8±0.5 cm and 3±0.3 cm/m2 in female athletes and 5.6±0.5 cm and 3±0.3 cm/m2 in male athletes.Conclusion: Left atrial dimension did not statistically differ between both athletes group and non-athletes. Increased left ventricular wall thickness and left ventricular mass after intensive exercise was more evident in men than women, but the rate of increase in left ventricular internal diameter is same in both gender.

Background and Objectives: According to traditional medicine as hypoglycemic Cyperus Rotundus rhizome, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Cyperus Rotundus rhizome on insulin secretion from the islets of Langerhans isolated male mouse.Subjects and Methods: This experimental study was carried out on 90 adult Nmari male mice (20-25 gr). Pancreatic islets of Langerhans from intact mice were isolated by collagenase digestion method. Then aqueous and 80% methanol extract of Cyperus Rotundus rhizome at 0.1, 0.5 and 1% concentrations and also glyburide at 1 and 10μM applied on isolated islets in culture medium containing three different glucose concentrations (2.8, 5.6 and 16.7 mM). Insulin secretion from islets was evaluated in incubation system and insulin was measured using an ELISA kit. Data analyzed using spss14 and ANOVA test.Result: Insulin secretion significantly increased at 16.7 mM glucose concentration compared with 2.8 mM concentration (p<0.05). In 2.8 and 5.6 mM glucose, glyburide 10μM could increase insulin secretion significantly (p<0.001). Aqueous extract (0.05 and 0.1 percent) in the presence of glucose 2.8 (p<0.001) and 5.6mM (p<0.05) caused the significant increase in insulin secretion, but in the presence of glucose, 16.7mM a significant reduction in insulin production was seen. The results showed that the methanolic extract couldn’t increase the amount of insulin secretion, significantly.Conclusion: The results of this study showed beneficial effects of lower doses (0.05 and 0.1 percent) aqueous extract of Cyperus Rotundus rhizome are the increased secretion of insulin. Probably this plant through effects on insulin secretion islets and, of course, at low doses, can be effective in the treatment of diabetes.

Background and Objectives: Clinical observations have indicated that lateral working side contacts can produce a posterior shift of working side condyle, resulting in pain and disk displacement in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). The contact of distal incline of maxillary canine and mesial incline of the buccal cusp of the mandibular first premolar has been postulated as a possible cause of TMJ clicking. The aim of this study was to examine influence of lateral tooth guidance on TMJ clicking and its etiologic factor. .Subjects and Methods: One hundred subjects from students and nurses at dental school of Ahvaz university were voluntarily recruited and divided into 50 symptom-free subjects (control group) and 50 patients with TMJ clicking. The data of examination and interview were recorded in a questionnaire and analyzed with SPSS and Square-Chi.Results: 34% of patients had clicking in the right side and lateral retrusive guidance in the right side (P=0.009); and 66% of patients with TMJ had clicking in the left side and lateral retrusive guidance in the left side (P=0.000). In the control group (12%) had lateral retrusive guidance in the right side and 10 % had LR guidance in the left side The most important etiologic factors of TMJ were interferences followed by micro trauma and wear facet.Conclusion: According to the results of the study there is a significant relationship between lateral retrusive guidance and clicking in the TMJ.

Background and Objective: In radiotherapy, measurement of the output factor in the air is one of the input parameters for Implementation of treatment planning systems and beam modeling. The aim of this study is to design a mini-phantom and select the appropriate detector for measuring the output factor.Subjects and Methods: In-air output factor was measured for Siemens linear accelerator 6 MV energy and field sizes of 4, 6, 8, 10, 15, 2 cm irradiated by 200MU. Measurements were performed using a Gafchromic film EBT2 and 0.6 cc Farmer ion chamber and then the results were compared with Report of AAPM Therapy Physics Committee Task Group 74. For lateral electron equilibrium and electron contamination removal, two top of the water and Cerrobend were designed for film dosimetry and plexiglass buildup cap for Farmer chamber was applied.Results: The output factor increases with field size, and this increase in Cerrobend top is less than water top and Farmer dosimeter. In comparison between the results reported by TG74 and this study shows that film dosimetry with water top and Farmer chamber have 0.35 and 0.68 mean percentage differences with TG74 respectively and meanwhile the film dosimetry with Cerrobend top presents 1.48 mean percentage differences.Conclusion: EBT2 film with mini phantom made of water as a good alternative to ion chamber dosimeters known as a standard dosimeter especially the film can be used for a wider range of field sizes

Background and Objective: Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease that is associated with Reversible airway obstruction. The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical findings associated with asthma severity and determine the concentration of total IgEin patients with Arab ethnicity and Bakhtiari.Subjects and Methods: In this survey, 200 patients with asthma patients with Bakhtiari and Arabs ethnicities living in Khuzestan province which were referred to the pulmonary clinic in 2014 in Ahvaz city were studied. Patient data were collected through questionnaires and spirometry was performed and the total IgElevel in patients' serum were tested by ELISA. All data were analyzed with SPSS.Results: In this descriptive study, In Arab ethnicity, 16% had severe asthma, 13%, 15.5% mild asthma and 10.5% had controlled asthma. In Bakhtiaries, 5.9% had severe asthma, 7% moderate asthma, 14% mild asthma and 14.5% had controlled asthma. In total, 33% of the patients were passive smokers by their family members and 69.5% had a BMI greater than 25. Based on the measurement of the total serum IgE 60.1% were atopic asthma and 39.9% non-atopic. Totally, 39.5% of the patients had a family history of asthma.Conclusions: In our study in Khuzestan province, asthma severity was significantly associated with ethnicity and BMI levels (P=0.012 and 0.009, respectively), but no significant relationship were observed for the IgE, age and sex of patients and tobacco with asthma severity (P=0.58, 0.15, 0.27 and 0.17, respectively.

Background and Objectives: Evaluation of the thickness of the alveolar bone is important for the selection of an appropriate treatment approach in patients undergoing postextraction implant placement. The purpose of this study was to analyze the thickness of the facial bone wall at teeth in the anterior maxilla based on CBCT images.Subjects and Methods: In this descriptive-analytic study, tomographic data from 29 patients (12 males, 17 females) which were acquired by the New Tom VGi, randomly selected and evaluated by two independent observers. The thickness of the facial bone wall was measured at 5 locations: distance between the CEJ and the facial bone crest (D), at the crest level (T1), at the 2 mm apical to the crest (T2), at the middle of the root (T3), at the 1 mm above the root apex (T4). Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation and t-test.Result: The majority of the examined teeth exhibited a thin facial bone wall (<1mm). Sex was a statically significant (P<0.05) parameter at the distance between the CEJ and the facial bone crest (which mostly was lower in women than men).Conclusions: Bone resorption occurs at a thin facial bone wall following tooth extraction. Both a missing and thin facial wall require contoure augmentation at implant placement. Consequently, radiographic analysis of the facial bone wall using CBCT prior to extraction is recommended for selection of the appropriate treatment approach.

Background and Objective: The management of orbital fractures is one of the most challenging area in facial trauma. No consensus exists on the choice of implants to be used for orbital floor reconstruction. Here we present the short term results of the outcome of autogenous ramus graft versus alloplastic materials in a randomized prospective clinical trial.Subjects and Methods: A total of 22 patients with orbital floor fracture were entered in our study in two groups randomly. Patients of first group were treated by autograft of lateral cortex from mandibular ramus, and the patients of second group by titanium mesh as an alloplastic material. All patients were followed for 6 months and enophthalmos, diplopia, cheek paresthesia and infection rate were assessed.Results: There were no significant differences between two groups in respect to enophthalmos(p>0.8), diplopia, vertical dystopia (p>0.5) cheek paresthesia and infection rate. Both mandibular ramus and alloplastic titanium mesh can be used in orbital floor reconstruction regardless of size of defect.Conclusion: Both mandibular ramus autograft and alloplastic titanium mesh are reliable and successful techniques to address the orbital floor fracture. Ramus region provides an appropriate volume of bone with vascularization, low extrusion rate and so inert, but donor site morbidity and more time-consuming are disadvantages. Highly biocompatibility, minimal resorption potential, well-recognized osseointegration and contouring, no donor site morbidity and less time consuming are advantages of titanium mesh; but the risk of graft extrusion or anticipated difficulty while insertion and removing the material if needed because of fibrous ingrowth and also additional cost required, are its drawbacks.

Background and Objectives: Eating disorder is the third most common psychiatric disorder among young people. One of the factors that are involved in the development of eating disorders can be named as experimental avoidance. So this study was to investigate the relationship between experimental avoidance and eating disorders among students of Ahvaz Jundishapour University of Medical Science.Subjects and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 400 students were selected by using cluster random sampling during the academic year 2014-2015 of whom 272 were girls and 128 were boys. Eating disorders (EAT-26), acceptance and action (AAQII) questionnaires were completed by male and female students to investigate the relationship between experimental avoidance and eating disorders. Finally, data were analyzed using SPSS software.Results: This study showed a positive significant relationship between experimental avoidance and eating disorders (P=0.0001, r=0.17). But, individually positive correlation between experimental avoidance and eating disorders was achieved in male and female students (P=0.044, r=0.18 and, P=0.0001, r=0.17 respectively).Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that experimental avoidance of students increased in correlation with increase in eating disorder symptoms. This correlation is more clearly reflected among female students.

Background and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare two intensities of acute aerobic exercise on lipid profiles in overweight elderly men.Subjects and Methods: fifteen overweight elderly men (mean±SD; age 66.2±3.6 years, height 176.3±5.7 cm, Weight 90.58±4.7 kg) participated in the study. In the first session, anthropometric measurements, body composition, and maximum oxygen uptake (VO2peak) was measured in all subjects. In the next sessions, subjects completed two acute aerobic exercises on separate days in a crossover design. The two exercise trials performed at intensity of 45% and 65% VO2peak after fasting for at least 10 hours and For 30 minutes per session treadmill. Blood samples before and after exercise were collected for measuring Total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-C and LDL-C.Results: The results showed that triglycerides, LDL-C and total cholesterol levels were significantly decreased after moderate intensity of acute aerobic exercise (p<0.05). Also HDL-C levels was significantly increased after moderate intensity of acute aerobic exercise (p<0.05). No Significant changes were observed in triglycerides, HDL-C, LDL-C and total cholesterol levels after low intensity of acute aerobic exercise (p>0.05).Conclusion: According to the present results, we can conclude that acute aerobic exercise at moderate intensity compared with low intensity improves the lipid profile in overweight elderly men.

Background and Objective: One of the antioxidant enzymes in Organisms is (SOD), which is involvedin the production ofH202. HeatShock Protein70 (HSP70) created in stress conditions and It has anti-inflammatory effects andtoprotectcellsagainst oxidative damageto nucleus and lipid cell membrane. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of six weeks of endurance training and Silymarin supplementation on SOD and HSP inof unathletes men students.Subjects and Methods: in this study students of all Islamic Azad University of chalous branch were investigated. The subjects in this study was concluded of 32 unathletes male with age of 20±2 years was selected from randomly. Subject selection of samples in four groups of 8 individuals included: endurance (E), endurance and Silymarin consumption (ES), Silymarin consumption (S) and control (C). Results by The t-test and one-way analysis of variance were used. To determine the difference between the groups, Tukey test was used to show the significant changes in each of the groups.Results: The study of SOD and HSP70 in subject groups before and after training show that these values were in order significant increase and decrease in ES and S groups (p≤0.05).Studies of Dependent variables show that levels of SOD between any of the groups of subjects no significant difference but amounts of HSP70 between subject groups were significant. Tukey's test showed that the values Between E-S and ES-S was significant.Conclusion: The results of this study showed that six weeks of selected endurance training and Silymarin supplement consumption Cause of Increase the antioxidant capacity of the body.

Background and Objectives: The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is an important structure for maintaining the normal biomechanics of the knee and is the most commonly injured knee ligament. MRI has proved sensitivity and specificity in detecting intraarticular knee pathologies. The aim of this study was to compare the result of direct vision and MRI in detecting intraarticular pathologies in patient with ACL tearing.Subjects and Methods: Seventy patients with clinical examination and MRI of ACL tearing entered in the study. The age range was between 22 and 45 years (57 men and 13 women). The patients were scheduled for ACL reconstruction via mini- arthrotomy approach. After miniarthrotomy, the knee was examined directly for intraarticular pathology and if ACL was torn, ACL reconstruction was performed. The result of direct vision was recorded and compare with MRI of the patients after surgery. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values and kappa agreement measures were calculated.Results: MRI had 98.5% sensitivity for ACL injuries. While for medial meniscus injuries, 73% sensitivity, and 93% specificity, for lateral meniscus 87.5% sensitivity and 95% specificit and for osteochondral lesions 40% sensitivity and 96% specificity.Conclusion: Injuries to menisci and cruciate ligaments can be diagnosed on MRI with a high degree of sensitivity and specificity. We recommend MRI as the primary diagnostic tool for internal knee derangements; however, in cases of ACL reconstruction it is advisable to use direct vision viewing of the knee before beginning the reconstruction.

Background and Objective: Children with profound sensory neural hearing loss are at risk for delay in speech and language development. In addition, hearing loss reduces the auditory perception in children, resulting in poor child’s social interaction. Nowadays cochlear implant is firmly established as effective option in speech and language development of deaf children. The main focus of some of the studies was on child's age and its negative correlation with speech and language learning after cochlear implant. However, other studies indicate that, participating in rehabilitation classes after cochlear implantation, parents' level of education and not having additional disabilities are important in developing speech and language after cochlear implant. So, the main aim of this review was to find the most important factors that affect child's auditory perception and speech and language progress after cochlear implant surgery.Subjects and Methods: For this purpose, the Med Line, Google Scholar, Scopus, ISI web of knowledge, and Iranmedex were searched by the key words and more than 70 articles were reviewed. However, some of the articles specially the articles that were gathered from ISI web of knowledge and Scopus data base were omitted because of no access to their full text was available. In addition, non-relevant articles were excluded. In this review, researches, with at least a sample size of 30 children, which compared cochlear implanted children based on their age, parent’s educational level, participating in rehabilitation classes and having additional disabilities were selected. Furthermore, the selected articles were either in Farsi or English with case-control or experimental type studies.Results: After gathering relative articles, the evaluation of factors affecting the development of audition, language and speech which were include of child’s age, parent’s educational level, participating in rehabilitation classes and having additional disabilities was done.Conclusion: Child’s age of implantation, participating in rehabilitation program and no additional disabilities have direct impact on cochlear implanted children auditory perception and speech and language progress, while parent’s level of education has an indirect effect.