SAFINEH
Year:2004 | Volume:1 | Issue:4 (SPECIAL ISSUE ON THE KNOWLEDGE OF ALI IBN ABI TALIB P.B.U.H.)|Papers Count:6

Summary The writer explains and compares the two different approaches, regarding the Islamic Knowledge and Jurisprudence.First the common view that considers " jurisprudence" as a mental ability to "conclude" the religious orders and instructions from the main Islamic texts. And then explains the viewpoint of H.E.Ayatollah Isfahani who had considered jurisprudence as the "recognition" of the Divine orders and instructions. Thereafter, he expresses the both procedures which, in every method would be taken in order to reach the truth.In the first approach of jurisprudence, several primary knowledge, such as literature, logics, Theology,... are needed, otherwise any recognition of the religious orders is impossible. While, in the second approach none of the above knowledges is necessary. By referring to the jurisprudent methods and principles, and to the holy Quran and the taditions of the infallible members of the house of the holy prophet (p.b.u.t), and to the teachings and doctrines of the competent religious scholars one may attain this important task.At the end of the essay it is discussed that without a fair understanding of the principal knowledge of the riligion, no one can be considered an a real jurisprudent, and no one is competent to issue religious orders and instructions.

For centuris the thoughts of many scholars have been engaged in sharh Nahj - ul - Balaghah. Some of them criticized its literal or intellectual points, and some others attended its religious characteristics.The consequences were contradictory, so the conflict increased to the level where the truth was lost. Some of these contradictory anthor are his belief and faith.In this article The writer tries to pont out pass a judgement in favor or against them farawau from all Kinds of fanaticism.

The writer has developed three principles for definition of "Oneness of God" in the Quranic verses.a. Unique and lack of similarity of the Almighty God with other creatures; b. Being free from any defect; c. Exclusivity of the Divine names and atributes; The first principle (lack of similarity) is another expression of the Oneness of the True and Absolute God; and this is different from the specialities of the kinds of creatures.According to the second principle, the divine characteristic of being free from any defect is an innate speciality to human beings, and everybody will find it in accordance to his (her) natural and innate beliefs. The third principle prevents the human beings to assign any name, attribute or characteristic to the God, according to his (her) own reason and knowledge.The writer cites parts of the speeches No.87 and 181 from Nahjul Balaghah of Amirul - Momenin Ali (p.b.u.h) an an example, and while explaining them, he cites some Quranic verses which confirms the contents of those speeches. In next parts of this essay - the writer comments some other monotheistic speeches from Nahjul Balaghah.

The statements of the Holy Prophet and the Immaculate Imams (Peace Be Upon Them) have a distinctive role in explanation and clarification of the verses of the Holy Qur’an. Islamic beliefs, and religious commandments. A study of hypocrisy and its roots from the viewpoint of the traditions of the infallible Imama (P.B.U.T) leads to the fact that hypocrisy has different aspects, and the most harms to the faithful societies have been through the hypocrites.Since, hypocrisy means to enter into the faith from one door and to leave the faith in secret form another door, a hypocrite with an agreeable appearance can damage and deceive the believers more than an outright enemy.Our study on this paper has shown that: One of the important charactristics of the hypocrite is the duality between his appearance and his inner side. In other words, a hyocrite utters words that please the faithful, but acts in a manner that offends them.In the early stage of the history Islam, the primary purpose of the hypocrities was to block, by any means, the rightful state and power of the Commander of the Believers Ali -Ibn- Abi- Talib (P.B.U.H) after the holy prophet (P.B.U.H and his Family). This opposition reached ets highest after Day of Ghadir - Khom and the clear announcement ot the Commander of the Believers (P.B.U.H) as the high authority of leadership and guardianship (after the Prophet).The most effective factor which protccts human beings from the disease of hypocrisy is deep thought in he word of God - the Holy Qra’n - the eternal miracle of the prophet (P.B.U.H and his Family).Since hypocrites call people to evil doing and prevent them from goodness, in order to protect he society from prevalence of evil, it is necessary to follow the Divine commandments on right an wrong.

AbolFath Abdulvahed bin Mohammad bin Addulvahed Tamimi Amedi, who is a well known Shia scholar of the 5th century A.H, had compiled some of the eloquent and elegant sentences and aphorisms of Imam Ali (p.b.u.h). He has put the above name to his book. Among the manuscripts, there in another book, which has a similar name to "Qorar...". The name of its author is unknown. By comparing the contents of the two books and the current witnesses, one comes to the conclusion that it is a different book from the popular book of Qorar ul - Hekam va Javame ul - Kalem. What is developed in this essay, is a study about this subjct

His Excellency Mr.A.A.Ghaffari (1924 - 2004) was a very active researcher in the field of investigation and correction of the Islamic (Shia) texts of traditions. He had studied Islamic courses from competent scholars such as the late Ayatollah Syed Kazem Golpayegani, Ayatollah Shaikh Mohammadd Hossein Zahed, Professor Syed J.Mohaddess Ormavi, and Mirza Abolhasan Sha’rani. He was about 30 years old, when he started to investigate and publish the texts of the Shia collections of traditions and literatures.During his lifetime he published about 60 topics in 150 volumes.this biography, has included four essays about the late scholar Ghaffari.1. An essay by Mr. Behrad jafary.2. An essay by Mr.Hossein Ostad Vali, a writer and editor, who had worked about 20 years with Mr.Ghaffari, and has remarked 10 points from the scientific characteristics and moralities of Mr.Ghaffari, such as 1.Memory 2.Talent 3.Stability 4.Interest at scientific studies, 5.Sincerity 6.Pleasant nature, 7.hard working and officiency 8.pay attention to scientific issues and training 9.Scientific courtesy10.Good relation and consultancy with the religious leaders and scholars, and religious encouragement.3.An essay written by Dr. Dashti, a university instructor, who has explained 14 points of scientific qualities of Mr.Ghaffari in the fields of history, traditions, and methodology.4. The fourth article headed as "viewpoints about Ostad Ghaffari", includes expressions and evaluations from some universites’ instructors and scholars, about the late Mr.Ghaffari. Some of these scholars are the late scholar Amini (The Author of the book Al - Ghadir), Dr. Ahmad Beheshti, and Dr. Mansour Pahlavan (university Professors), and some students of the late Mr. Ghaffari.