Iranian Journal of Geology
Year:2016 | Volume:10 | Issue:39 |Papers Count:8

Sistank copper deposit is geographically located in East and South-East city of Qain.In general, copper range in Sistanak is in East Central Zone, part of which is located in the Filishy zone and another part in the Lut Block. The stratigraphy in the study area have shown that old rocks than the Jurassic age in the study area. According to petrographic studies, the volcanic rocks are divided into two groups of lavas (andesite and andesite -basalt) and pyroclastics (tuff and agglomerate). These rocks are placed in a class of high potassium calc-alkaline and calc-alkaline. According to chemical composition, volcanic rocks occur in andesite and andesite-basalts range.Copper is the main mineral in andesitic lavas, including native copper, chalcocite and malachite. In addition, in some samples the iron oxide minerals such as hematite and, gotite are presant. Mineralized zone is placed at the highest level of volcanic lava and the mineral is stratabound. Such characteristics, are indicative of epigenetic in origin. According to geological characteristics and based on geological and mineralogical charactristis, copper deposits in Sistanak is probably similar to Michigan type deposits.

Jebale-Barez plutonic complex is composed of granitoid intrusive bodies and is located in the East and southeastern of Jiroft province of Kerman. The plutonic complex is composed of granodiorite, quartzdiorite, granite and alkaligranite. Plutonic rocks are mainly composed of plagioclase, alkali-feldspar, biotite, amphibole and quartz. Based on microprobe analysis, plagioclases vary from andesine to labradorite and alkali feldspars occur as orthoclase. All amphiboles are magmatic and placed in three groups: calcic amphiboles, iron-rich amphiboles, amphiboles consist of Fe, Mg, Mn. The study of oxidation and reduction state of their source magma by amphibole chemistry, in dicated high oxygen fugacity. Therefore, granitoids of Jebale-Barez plutonic complex are I-type or related to magnetite series and the estimated oxygen fugacity imply oxidation magma and its formation in convergent plate boundary. On the basis of geo-thermo-barometric calculations, using Hamarstrom - Zen, Schmidt, Johnson - Rutherford, Smith - Anderson and Uchida methods, amphiboles have crystallized about 1.54 to 7.87 kbar at the depth about 18 to 23 km. As emplacement or crystallization temperature of Jebale-Barez plutonic complex based on the two feldspar thermometer using Anderson method has been ranges between 550 to 750oC and using Putirka method has been achieved between 710 to 830oC and based on Ti-in- amphibole thermometer has been ranges between 670 to 735oC. In addition, hornblende -plagioclase thermometer shows 653 to 732oC for equilibrium of these two minerals.

Dozdozan plain is located in 80 kilometers south-east of Tabriz and is one of the most fertile plains of East Azerbaijan. The main economy of its residents is based on agriculture and as a result of the scarcity of surface water resources; agricultural sector is the major consumer of ground water. In this study, the application of Fuzzy Set theory for evaluation of ground water quality for agricultural purposes is used. In this research, seven ground water parameters from 50 wells were measured from 2012 to 2013 in Dozdozan plain. Based on Fuzzy Water Quality Model, the ground-water quality is classified in three categories; desirable, acceptable and unacceptable. Results showed only 17 samples from 50 wells come in desirable class with certainty level of 63.6 to 84 percent. About 28 samples classified in the acceptable category whose certainty level ranged from 48 to 64.5 percent and the remaining five samples were in not acceptable category with the maximum certainty level of 13.7 percent.

Halab-Mianaj metamorphic area is part of Takab Precambrian metamorphic complex that exposed in north-west of Iran. Halab-Mianaj cross section included a group of metamorphic rocks that have been metamorphosed in the greenschist and amphibolite facies. Garnet porphyroblasts chemical composition in garnet schist rocks is in almandine range. Amphibole composition in Amphibole schist and meta-diorite rocks are calcic and are changed from actinolite to magnesio hornblende.Chemical compositions of the Plagioclase crystals are between albite to oligoclase range. The maximum temperature for garnet schist rocks based on Grt-Bt thermometer determined 552oC that indicates epidote-amphibolite facies. Temperature and pressure metamorphic in the amphibole schist and meta-diorite based on amph-plag thermobarometer determined about 420 - 487oC and 3.9 - 6.7 K-bar that shows the beginning amphibolite facies. Therefore, the geothermal gradient bases on Halab-Mianaj metamorphic rocks with different protolith approximately are 30±1oC/km.

The capital city of Tehran is located to the south of central Alborz. The North Tehran fault, as the main structure of this region, perched on the northern part of the city and separate alluvial fans from volcanic rocks of the Alborz. There are several other faults within the city which seem to be structurally related to the North Tehran fault.Geomorphic study of fans and river deposits suggest that most of these faults are active and taking up both left-lateral and shortening in a wider zone to the south of North Tehran fault. In addition to faults there is distinct folding within the Tehran plain. Field observation along road cuts which cross these structures suggest that young folding in Tehran plain are active and escalate due to the activities of the underlying faults. There is little evidence of rupture in front of these structures and thus most of them are considered as blind faulting. The trend of these structures is oblique to the North Tehran fault which is probably due to distribution of left lateral deformation in wider zone within the Tehran plain. The distance between active folds and the North Tehran fault increase from west to east. Analog modelings were carried out to study the effect of thickness and slop of deposits on position and trend of structures within the Tehran plain. Results from these experiences show that geometry, orientation and distance between structures is probably controlled by oblique shortening of the zone, as well as increase in thickness and slope of the sedimentary deposits.

This paper represents the sequence stratigraphic analysis of the Oligo-Miocene shallow water carbonate succession of the Qom Formation, east of Kuh Siah outcrop (South of Garmmsar). The study is based on the lithosratigraphy, biostratigraphic framework (in the context of European standard biozonation), microfacies, paleoenvironmental interpretation and sequence srtatgraphic concepts.In this section, only f to c1 members of the Qom Formation can be differentiated. The biostrtigraphic results revealed that the benthic foraminiferal composition of the studied section has close affinities with coeval assemblages in Western Tethys and the Middle East. The larger foraminifera associations in the Qom Formation mark the SBZ 23 to 25 zones, referring to a time span from the late Chattian to Burdigalian. Based on the micropaleontological studies, the age of late Chattian (SBZ 23) is ascribed to c1 member which previously considered as Aquitanian, in East of Siah Kuh surface section.Sedimentary environment of the Qom Formation is related to a carbonate ramp platform. Based on sedimentary texture and percentage of skeletal and non-skeletal allochems, 1 lithofacies and 13 microfacies from inner to outer ramp were determined.The sequence stratigraphic studies led to the determination of four 3rd order sequences. The first sequence with the Chattian age includes c1 and c2 members. The second sequence with the Aquitanian age includes c3, c4 and d members. The e and f members belong to third and fourth sequences with the age of Burdigalian.

The Shirinabad clay-bauxite deposit with more than 1 km long and about 8 m in thickness is located in 60 km south-east of Gorgan. The Shirinabad deposit has been developed as a stratiform horizon along the contact zone of Triassic dolomitic limestones and Jurassic shales and sandstones. The basal contact zone of the horizon is mainly undulatory, whereas the upper contact zone is concordant with the hanging-wall shales and sandstones. The rocks within the horizon show pelitomorphic, microgranular, oolitic and pisolitic textures. Textural analysis indicates both allochthonous and autochtonous origins for the Shirinabad deposit. Based on textural and mineralogical evidences the deposit can be divided into four distinct units .Kaolinite, anatase, routile, bohemite, hematite, goethite and berthierine are the principal constituents. From geochemical data, it is concluded that the Shirinabad deposit probably originated from basaltic volcanic rocks. Combination of mineralogical and geochemical data shows that the Shirinabad deposit formed in two stages. First, bauxite materials and clay minerals were developed as authigenic bauxitization processes of alkaline basaltic parent rock. Then, these materials were transported to karst depressions and formed the Shirinabad clay-bauxite deposit.