Pars Journal of Medical Sciences
Year:2009 | Volume:7 | Issue:2|Papers Count:8

Introduction: Candida speices are oppourtunistic fungi and can transform into pathogenic form in favorable conditions such as immuno compromised persons causing invasive fungal disease. The Crocus sativum is reported to have several therapeutic effects including antifungal activity. In this research the antifungal effects of alcoholic extract and safranol of Crocus sativum on Candida albicans and dubliniensis growth were assessed. Method and material: In this study alcoholic extract and safranol of Crocus sativum affected on Candida albicans (standard strain ATCC10321) and dubliniensis (standard strain CBS7987CD36) by microdilution broth method. Concentration (500,250,125,…) and (25,12.5,6.25, …) mg/ml of alcoholic extract and safranol of Crocus sativum were prepared for MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentreation) test respectively. MIC and MFC (Minimal Fungicide Concentration) were evaluated. Results: Our result show that MIC of alcoholic Crocus sativum extract for Candida albicans was 250 mg/ml and for Candida dubliniensis was 125 mg/ml. MIC of safranol for Candida albicans was 12.5 mg/ml and for Candida dubliniensis was 6.25 mg/ml for Candida dubliniensis. MFC of alcoholic extract for Candida albicans was 500mg/ ml and for Candida dubliniensis was 125 mg/ml .MFC of safranol for Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis were 25 mg/ml and 6.25 mg/ml. Discussion: The present study was done with the aim of evaluating antifungal effect of alcoholic extract and safranol of Crocus sativum against Candida albicans and dubliniensis by microdilution method in vitro. It is seems that alcoholic extract and safranol of Crocus sativum could inhibit Candida albicans and dubliniensis growth but according result safranol had more antifungal activity than alcoholic extract and Candida dubliniensis was more sensitive than candida albicans. Thus we suggest that Crocus sativum can be used as inhibitors of candida species growth in clinical trails, especially in treatment of patient with fungal infection as natural drug.

Introduction: the study of job stress and dissatisfaction among people could cause to identify the reason of problems in workplaces. The objective of this study was to measure the work stress and job dissatisfaction between employees of a industry and determine its relationship with accidents and individual factors. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that comprises 320 employees of an industry. 4 questionnaires including Demographic characteristics stress frequency stress reaction and job satisfaction were completed. Statistical analysis was performed by ONE WAY ANOVA and Chi square test. Results: The averages of scores obtained from frequency and reaction stressor in young people was higher than older workers but job satisfaction in all ages was the same. There was not any statistical relationship between job satisfaction and accident occurrences. Single people showed the stress more than married. Exercising had a beneficial effect on frequency and severity of stressors. Conclusion: job stress and satisfaction have a correlation together and dissatisfaction can increase the stress. Also dissatisfaction and stress have a significant relationship with accident and individual factors.

Introduction: Repetitive exercises of the type recommended by McKenzie for the lumbar spine such as flexion and extension exercises in standing (FIS and EIS) and lying positions (FIL and EIL) have been used in the management of low back pain for 20 years. The Cardiovascular responses of exercises that performed in a lying position are well known. Therefore the purpose of this study was to examine the cardiovascular effects of 4 exercises used in the Mckenzie system. Materials and Methods: For this control trial (before and after) study 72 subjects without cardiovascular or cardiopulmonary disease and who were representative of people susceptible to low back pain were studied. 36 men and 36 women divided three groups (low fat normal high fat) after determined BMI. Everyone performed 4 exercises in 4 days. Subjects performed sets of 10 15 and 20 repetitions of the assigned exercise with a 20 minute rest between sets. Heart Rate Blood Pressure and rate-pressure product (an index of myocardial work) were recorded before and after each set of repetitions. Results: After 10 repetitions flexion and extension in lying were more hemodynamically demanding than in standing. This trend persisted for 15 and 20 repetitions however at 20 repetitions the hemodynamic demands were different across exercise groups (ie FIL > EIL > FIS > EIS). Hemodynamically demanding were more in men due to women and also in high fat and due to normal and low fat (ie:high fat>normal>low fat) Discussion and conclusion . Repetitive exercises of the type suggested by McKenzie for the lumbar spine can have hemodynamic effects in people with no cardiovascular or cardiopulmonary.Conditions: These effects may be important with respect to cardiac work and patients for whom these exercises are indicated should have a cardiac and pulmonary risk factor assessment to determine whether heart rate and blood pressure should be monitored.

Introduction: One of the most important threats to health care staff is accidental sharp instruments injuries that may transmit blood born pathogen such as hepatitis BC and HIV virus to health care staff. The main objective of this study was to determine injuries caused by sharp instruments among Jahrom University of medical sciences hospitals health care worker. Material & methods: In this deh1ive study the total number of 298 health care staff working in Peymanieh and Motahari hospitals in Jahrom was included. A questionnaire was designed to collect data and then the data was analyzed using SPSS software. Results: The data indicated that 47.3 % of the staff had a positive history of sharp instruments injuries and the most common in juries were among the nurses (50.3%). The most causes of damage was Needle Stick injuries (44.4%) that occurred in operating room ward (27.7 %) . 56% of damages happened in the morning. Among staff 92.3% received hepatitis B vaccine. Conclusion: based on the findings providing preventing measures and continuous training course and educational conferences to decrease such injuries in health care staff is necessary.

Introduction: Hypertension is considered a major problem in industrialized countries due to its high prevalence and its relation to cardiac disease. Its prevalence varies in different countries and in various regions within a country. The aim of the present study was to determine the extent of this problem and its relation to age sex cardiovascular diseases taking medicine kidney disease and background of family hypertension in Jahrom city. Methods & materials: In this research 1374 people (757 men / 617 women) were investigated in an analytical cross-sectional study. The age of the studied people was between 30 to 59 years old and the samples were classified into two stages. One person above 30 was randomly selected from each family. The methods used for collecting data were interview and clinical examination and the instrument of collecting data was mercurial pressure gauge. Findings: 31.9 percent of the subjects had diastolic high blood pressure and 26.5 percent systolic high blood pressure. The c2test indicated that there was a significant relationship between hypertension and the above-mentioned factors. Conclusion: A high prevalence of elevated blood pressure was documented among the study population of Jahrom; cardiovascular diseases kidney diseases taking medicine and old age cause hypertension.

Introduction: Acinetobacter sp. is usually considered to be opportunistic pathogens. They are often multi-resistant to antibiotics meaning that therapy and infection control are complicated. The relative effectiveness of ciprofloxacin in treatment of Acinetobacter infections has been shown in several studies more ever detection of different susceptibilities to ciprofloxacin among Acinetobacter sp. is important for treatment of Acinetobacter infections. The aim of present study was to evaluate the sensitivity of 48 burn isolates of Acinetobacter to ciprofloxacin. Materials and Methods: In this Deh1ive Cross-sectional survey 48 bacterial isolates were collected from burn wards of hospitals in Tehran Iran. The isolates were further processed by the standard methods to identify as the Acinetobacter sp. The susceptibilities of isolates to different antibiotics were tested using agar disk diffusion method. Antibacterial activity of ciprofloxacin was measured by serial dilution of the antibiotic in broth media. Results: All the isolates were recognized as Acinetobacter baumannii. The average MBCs of ciprofloxacin against all strains of Acinetobacter sp. were 37.9 ± 33.1 mg mL-1. The rates of resistances were determined to antibiotics as follows: gentamicin 70.8% ticarcillin 93.7% ceftizoxime 75% co-trimoxazole 79.1% amikacin 52% carbenicillin 93.7% cefalotin 60.4% cefazolin 100% piperacillin 88.9% imipenem 14.6% kanamycin 95.8% and ofloxacin 95.8%. Discussion and Conclusion: All of the isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin. This data remind the worldwide emerging resistance against ciprofloxacin and this is a serious problem in therapeutic management of Acinetobacter infections and has a local and worldwide concern since many ciprofloxacin resistant Acinetobacter isolates were also multi drug resistant strains.

Back ground: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common infectious diseases in the world. We performed a study to determine the spectrum of bacterial etiology and antibiotic resistance pattern of the uropathogens that cause community acquired UTI. Materials and Methods: Urine samples taken from 32400 qualified for the study Were collected through three years. The samples were submitted to the necessary tests and after separation of the infection agents the sensitivity to antibiotics test was conducted in a standard method. Results: Out of 32400 eligible samples 5400 (16.6%) had positive culture. Ecoli (44.5%) and klebsiella pneumoniae (8.5%د) represented the bulk of separated organisms. Ecoli is the most sensitive to nitrofurantoin (76%) and the most resistant to penicillin (94%) and ampicillin (89%). In general the most sensitive was imipenem (99%) and the most resistant were penicillin (89%) and ampicillin (84%). Conclusion: Escherichia coli and klebsiella constitute the bulk of separated organisms in this study and the infective urinary agents are the most resistant to cotrimoxazole and fluoroquinolone and the most sensitive to nitrofurantoin and imipenem. In cases the urine culture is not available or it is not possible to wait for the culture response these antibiotics are the best choice to begin the treatment

Background and Objective: first intravenous catheter used in1945. The most important of which is phlebitis. We decided to compare the Sign of phlebitis in using handplast leucoplast and sterile gauze bandage. Materials and Methods: This clinical trial study was carried out on 205(26.1± 5.6) clients hospitalized in Deziani hospitalGorgan fell into handplast (N=95) and leucoplast (N=59) and sterile gauze bandage (N=51) group. First a check list was used to collect demographic data .After that the same one inserted the venous catheter for all subjects in a perfect sterile condition then placed the handplast leucoplast and sterile gauze bandage one catheter site. After 24 36 and 48 hours the place was studied about the sign of phlebitis. We were non –parametric test chi square. T test and odds ration to analyze the data. Results: The result shows that the rate of sign phlebitis in both groups was 13.2% (24h) 28.8% (36h) and 49.2% (48h). Chi-square shows that there is no significant difference between three groups in 24h36h and 48h . But odd ration of sign phlebitis is reported in leucoplast with sterile gauze bandage espy in 36h. [R.R=1.998; CI 95 %( 1.053 - 3.794)]. Conclusion: it seems there effect of both leucoplast and handplast with sterile gauze bandage on preventing from sign phlebitis is the same.