Iranian Journal of Information Processing & Management
Year:2019 | Volume:34 | Issue:3 |Papers Count:20

Achieving significant advances in the field of technologies, like information and communication technology, is one of the issues that has been emphasized on in strategic documents, especially the documents of the vision of the Islamic Republic of Iran in 1404. Comprehensive categorizing of the strategic issues of information technology in the national and international scale is a procedure that can provide decisionmakers and policy-makers a suitable view. On the one hand, this kind of information representation causes a better definition and understanding in this area, and on the other hand, gives the policy-makers a general picture on the subject being studied. The purpose of this research is to achieve conceptual framework of the strategic issues according to strategic documentation published by countries. For this, 11 4 strategic documents of information technology have been organized and analyzed by employing analyzing qualitative content method and inductive approach. The findings of this research encompasses more than 900 IT strategic issues that are in 16 main categories: e-commerce, e-organization, e-government, e-health, e-learning, other practical areas, cyberspace, information and digital content, human resources, ICT industry, information and knowledge society, infrastructure, laws, rules, procedures, information and communication technology reform, research and development and telecommunications. This article results in a comprehensive and overall look in the field of IT strategies.

The current research aimed to develop a localized and literature-dependent model related to credibility evaluation of web information as identified by students in top universities of Iran. In terms of its usability, the model then will be evaluated in a sample of student users in top universities of Iran. Finally, the research population for testing the model is students enrolled in top universities of Iran in curriculum year of 2016-2017. Data analysis conducted by software like LISREL 8. 7 and SPSS20 which are developed for Structural Equation Modelling. Such statistic tests like confirmatory factor analysis, Pearson correlation ratio, Friedman Test, multivariate analysis of variance were used for data analysis according to each research question. The Web Information Credibility Scale-Persian (WICS-P) was validated according to the structural and overall goodness of fit showing a high quality on measuring the variable in the context studied. There exists, however, differences among the dimensions. As the first research exploring the concept in Iran, the current research is a response to the lack of such a tool in related literature.

Commercialization is the process of conversion of technology into successful economic products that transforms knowledge produced into marketable products and is a priority for the activities of universities and research institutes in the world. Today, the survival of universities and research centers depends on providing their knowledge in the form of knowledge products to society and the market. The main objective of this research is to determine the factors and requirements that affect the growth and success of knowledge commercialization from the viewpoint of the students of Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University in Tehran. The research method used is survey because it is one of the best methods for studying problems in real conditions and testing different variables. The statistical population consists of all graduate students of Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University of Tehran. A randomized stratified sampling method and a data gathering tool was a semiresearcher-made questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by the opinion of the professors and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach’ s alpha of 0. 956. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software and Friedman statistical test. The findings of the study showed that from the viewpoint of university graduate students, the most economic factors (4. 14) and educational and research mechanisms have the least (3. 64) effect on the growth and success of knowledge commercialization. Based on research findings, applied proposals were presented to improve the knowledge commercialization process at universities. Managers and policymakers of the university should act to facilitate the creation of companies and the commercialization of knowledge, the commercialization of knowledge and policies for distribution of income arising from the commercialization of knowledge, and in this regard, widespread networking of communication developing the role of stakeholders in knowledgetrading business process.

The formation of intellectual currents, methods of analysis in science and methodology are the most interesting topics of science and philosophy of science. Theories of science are made up of facts that have been gathered together, arranged and discussed. This study aims to analyze the articles regarding information theories based on the concepts of co-occurrence network analysis and centrality indicators published in Web of Science during 1983-2017. This is a descriptive study, using scientometric techniques. Its statistical population contains all clinical trials related to information theories in Web of Science during 1983-2017. The scientific research on theories of information existed from 2009 to 2014. Based on the scientific map of countries, theories of information have been active in some countries including USA, Germany, United Kingdom, Spain and Canada and Brazil and China have also been active in research on this filed in these years. The top authors in theories of information field in Web of Science during 1989-2017 are Kimball, Bruner, Hersink, Lochs, and Nendersen. The mentioned authors are considered the most scientific co-authorship. Likewise, Hjø rland, Hartle, White, Bushman, and Bruner have the most abundant published articles. Also, the co-authorship ratio of these authors is 0. 3, which indicates a relatively high level of corporate. The analysis of information theories also showed that based on co-word analysis there are 9 clusters. Among them cluster 1 is the largest and is related to algorithms and models in theories. Other clusters are information theories-related entropy theory and its application, information theorems derived from other sciences, thermodynamics theory and physics in information science, the theory of communication and communication models, the use of interdisciplinary information theories, the effectiveness of theories, the evaluation of theories, the role of information and the role of host and importer of theories in information science and science.

data is the raw material for many activities such as automation, intelligent systems, artificial intelligence and for the fourth industrial revolution. The purpose of this study is to systematically analyze all smart data related studies published from 1980 to the end of September 2017. Also, the study of probabilistic patterns is another purpose of this research. Regarding the search model of Winer, Amike and Lee in 2008, the articles of this study were extracted using a systematic search in the Web of Science database and 220 articles were selected as the final population. They were considered to identify authors, objective, population, countries and universities, funders, years, publication terms, citation status, keywords, subject, format, language, and authorship. The main findings show that Sen Soumya has the highest number of articles (63. 3%) in this field, while the United States with 33. 63 percent, Princeton University with 18. 3 percent, and the National Science Foundation of China with 2. 72 percent have the largest share in countries, universities, and institutions. The objectives of 72. 77% of articles were smart data applications and 84. 54 percent of the articles have been made on nonhuman societies. Most research in this area (20. 9%) was conducted in 2016. The IEEE Conference on Computer Communications Workshops has published most articles in this field (18. 3%). Average citations received is 4. 4. The keyword «system” (18. 3%) is the most common. 39. 44 percent of the published articles relate to computer science. 52/64 percent of the articles were published in the form of a conference. 18. 88 percent of articles are written in English. 90. 5 percent of the articles are written by single authors and 94 percent of them are written by several writers. The results of the current study indicate the variety and extent of the components studied.

The present study has been conducted to evaluate the amount of attention to validity assessment process of research tools, by reviewing the articles published in knowledge & information science journals in Iran over past 10 years. In this research, articles of 8 Persian scientific and research journals in the field of knowledge & information science in Iran, published between 2006 to 2015, were analyzed in a content analysis method. In total, 1763 research articles related to 211 issues of journals were analyzed and research tools and methods for determining the validity of research tools investigated. According to research findings, there was no reference to validity of research tools in 36. 87% of reviewed articles. In 23. 22% of articles, only validity of research tools was confirmed but the method and procedure for determining validity were not mentioned. In 4. 31% of articles, researchers stated that validity of research tools was confirmed in previous studies and therefore they did not consider the validity. In 375 articles (32. 38%), the method of determining validity of tools was mentioned. In terms of the methods used to measure validity of tools, results indicated that 16. 66% of articles evaluated their tool validity by face validity and 20. 30% by content validity method. Of other types of validity, the criterion validity was lowest, and only 2 articles (0. 17%) used this method to assess validity of their tools. 5. 26% of articles also used construct validity, which has highest level of validity. Also, results showed that a very small number of journals in the research population have published articles related to psychometrics of research tools. Therefore, the knowledge & information science journals are required to pay more attention to publish articles related to validity assessment of research tools for more familiarity with this process and its importance in designing tools by researchers. Also, journals in this area should be more sensitive on report of validity assessment process of research tools in the methodology section of articles in the process of reviewing articles.

The purpose of this study was to identify the structural factors necessary for the realization of knowledge governance. To achieve this goal, a two-step strategy was used. In the first step, the method of metasynthesize was carried out. By searching the databases, 319 articles were found and in the evaluation process 25 papers were finally approved. By studying these articles 25 codes and 8 concepts (including the structure for knowledge management, incentive system, communication system, formalism, centralization, management support structure, culture and work procedures) were extracted for the research question. After verifying the validity and reliability of the results, Delphi method was used in the second phase to get expert opinion. For this purpose, the output of the content required to design the Delphi questionnaire was completed and Delphi process went on to the extent that the opinions of the experts reached a consensus on the answers to the questions. Ten experts were selected based on the purposeful sampling method and Delphi method was performed to three stages. Finally, in order to answer the question of structural arrangements for the realization of knowledge governance in the organization, 14 guiding principles were presented in the form of structural and system principles. The average of Delphi experts’ opinions showed that in order to realize knowledge governance, it was necessary to define the roles and responsibilities of KM, create a construct for creativity and agility, create effective communication systems for the KM, interact with creative stakeholders, create an independent knowledge management office, create a teamcentered structure and encourage collaboration, define and identify the role of senior manager of knowledge in the organization’ s hierarchy, empower knowledge management, provide a managerial structure for knowledge management support (such as the Knowledge Management Committee or the Knowledge Management Council) create, formalize the structure of the KM, formalize systems and processes, create incentive and reward systems for knowledge governance, define and create relationships with other business units, create an organizational culture to create and share knowledge. According to a research, no article was found that could identify structural arrangements for knowledge management by using this method and Delphi; therefore, the present research is innovative in the subject and method used.

Increasing massive amount of data and using them to improve the quality of management decisions are the problems of libraries and information centers. In the meantime, a powerful data mining tool can analyze data to predict and analyze user transactions and stop wasting time to use useful data from among massive data, identify valid patterns and unknown relationships, and help libraries in strategic decision-making and effective management assistance. This study using association rules technique, which is one of the data mining methods, seeks to analyze the transactions of user lending and discover their access pattern. In this cross-sectional descriptive study required data were collected from transactions of users of the libraries and information centers of Hamedan University of Medical Sciences and after preprocessing these data, the total number of 6636 user transactions was 132833 using a census method during a three-year period examined. The results of this study showed that most transactions and referrals with the score of 20. 7± 24. 4 were related to the students and the highest delay and duration of loan respectively with the score of 884. 3± 1396. 9 and 885. 7± 1765. 3 related to the faculty members. Also, the rules derived from the Apriori algorithm showed by providing a users access pattern based on demographic information and determining subject dependence of information resources could be used as an appropriate pattern for analyzing and predicting user transactions. Using association rules technique and implementing the Apriori algorithm, the best rules governing the data set were extracted. Therefore, using association rules technique can be designed as a book advisory system in libraries and information centers. Managers and policy-makers can also use these patterns and rules to align their supply and information resources with the real needs of their members, and can benefit greatly from library procurement, collection, management and services.

The present study aimed to improve the management of the organizational metadata and the design of metadata registry for the library complex of ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences using analytical-asystematic approach. The statistical population of the study included the metadata records from the 23 libraries (central, college, and hospital libraries) affiliated to the ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect the data on the goals and local needs of the above-mentioned libraries to generate metadata records and their management. The questionnaire was completed by the managers of the libraries and librarians in the processing and organization department using the method of observation designed by the researcher on the metadata databases for the studied libraries. Accordingly, the goals, features, and local needs of the current libraries were extracted in the field of the creation and management of metadata, as well as their policies and expectations for the future. The research findings indicate that the coherence and consistency in the creation and management of metadata is not at a desirable level for the description and organization of the content objects, as well as the consistency of metadata in accordance with the goals and local needs of the studied libraries. It seems that this inconsistency is due to some factors including the lack of clarity of all features and local needs of libraries (in general, the organizational context) and the lack of codified policies for the metadata management, as well as the lack of precision in defining their native goals and functions from the perspective of metadata management. In order to optimize the management of metadata, “ the metadata registry schema of the libraries of ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences” was designed in accordance with their goals and the identified local needs based on thechecklist designed in accordance with the metadata standards, including the schema objectives (the native context and data entities), formal description components (schema definition and the implementation schema), and the schema components (the metadata schema and metadata application profiles).

The classification of research studies is important in order to identify and analyze the research supply and demand in various fields of science. In particular, the classification of environmental research is essential because of its importance in Iran and its interdisciplinary nature. This research proposes One-Class Classification (OCC) method to classify the research studies in this domain using Support Vector Machine (SVM) and consequently evaluates important parameters affecting the quality of this classification. The results show that the use of descriptive metadata has better performance than the content metadata in order to make a core data set to learn the model. Moreover, the use of the polynomial kernel and the binary weighing of words in the features vector matrix leads to better results than other states. In this paper a new weighing method has been proposed which is superior to the other methods especially in precision criterion. We call this weighing method as NG-TF, which can be used in term-document matrix to determine the indicator terms of scientific domains.

Facet analysis approach (FAA) has exhibited a continuous growth trend since the early 20th century. The present paper is aimed to systematically review the studies and documents of the faceted organization plans as well as thematic and temporal classification of these works. This review led to the identification of the growth and development trends of applying this approach in the information organization and retrieval tools, followed by providing some suggestions for researchers in future works. Accordingly, the steps to be taken in the present work were as follows: The first step included a comprehensive search in relevant references as well as a primary review of the documents, followed by classification and refinement of the documents in the second step. The third step addressed temporal and thematic classification of the documents, analysis of the literature, and identification of the existing gaps. In the final step, some suggestions were provided for covering these gaps. The outcomes of the previous works included the development of faceted rankings, faceted glossaries and headings, and faceted information retrieval systems, the extensive use of which continued until 1990s. Subsequently, with the development of computer systems and web, the facets took another role in the retrieval of the data available in the database. During this period, a set of models, faceted metadata, faceted user interfaces, and faceted ontologies was made, which was followed by the development of several software in this field. The facet analysis approach has been developing since the early 20th century to 1990 based on the logical system (a priori) of science classification. However, since then, due to the development of the computer capabilities and growth of the users’ needs, the logical perspective was replaced by the computational and user-oriented (a posteriori) perspective. Creating the structure of facets in semantic web environments and formulation of new standards, utilizing more effective methods to perceive user behaviors, and taking historical development and changes of sciences into account are the gaps that still require further studies. Covering these gaps promises sustainable effectiveness of the facet analysis process in future.

Systematic reviews, as a prime example of evidence-based research, have been able to play a critical role in promoting the scientific level and the growth of cloud market. So far, many systematic reviews have been published in the field of cloud computing, but the fundamental issue is whether these researches are based on a precise process, with a full focus on the issues and challenges of cloud computing, and also have consistent results, or not? Accordingly, in response to this challenge, this research intends to identify, evaluate and synthesize systematic reviews in the field of cloud computing from the methodological and contextual perspectives by conducting a tertiary study for the first time. A systematic review method covering two main steps was used to conduct the research. In the first step, after searching the popular digital libraries between 2011 and 2016, 94 articles were included based on specific criteria. Finally, after qualitative evaluation, 76 papers were qualified using a specific tool. In the second step, based on the thematic synthesis, two main research themes including technology and business in the field of cloud computing were identified and finally, mapping of the concepts and issues related to each area were drawn up and validated using a three-step Delphi method consisting of 12 experts. From the methodological point of view, results of this study showed that over recent years the number and quality of review articles have increased, as well as the use of guidance references and software tools can facilitate the research process. From the contextual perspective, the study also found that the review research has been focused more on technical aspects including cloud security challenges, providing scalable cloud infrastructure according to service levels agreements, and increasing interoperability between services to reduce dependency on cloud vendors. Finally, the study described the need for more review research focusing on business and governance issues of the cloud.

The purpose of this study was to find out the user experience in the most liked posts in educational pages on Instagram, using two theories of user engagement and flow. Analyzing user experience can help success in content creating and sharing on social networks. This was a qualitative and exploratory study, carried out through thematic analysis using competitive benchmarking approach and analyzed the characteristics of the image and the latent themes in the most liked posts by users in the educational content on Instagram and examined the relevance of their themes to the specific subject of content in these pages. The results of the study on 270 posts, which included 9 most-liked posts in 2017 from 30 pages surveyed, showed human image, artistic, scientific and literary outstanding personalities and nature, and were the most characteristics of the image and there were themes of the family, love, religion in them. Also, more than 80 percent of the most-liked posts were dedicated to the specific subject of these pages. It can be concluded that in successful content in engaging user and making an optimal experience in them, there are common image characteristics that should be considered when creating content. These characteristics are indicated in this study.

The purpose of this research is to determine the status of Iran’ s national newspaper websites based on the search engine optimization measures. This is an applied research and has been done by computer content analysis method. 110 Web sites of Iran’ s national newspapers was reviewed through the SEO analytics web site (SEO) in terms of general SEO, website speed, website security and total three measure. The findings of this study showed that the SEO average total score of Iran’ s national newspapers websites (54. 08) had a significant difference from the optimal SEO score for Web site (75%). Only five newspapers named Pirozi, Forsat, JameJam, Amin and PayameMa had a score above 75. Fifty seven websites scored between 51 and 75, and 48 websites scored between 0 and 50. Also, the results showed that there is a significant difference between 3 category of Seo measures (SEO general measures, loading speed and SEO security) of Iran’ s national newspapers website. The mean scores of the above-mentioned categories were significantly different and the general SEO measures are more important than speed loading and security measures.

Software development is a complex and intricate process due to the number of factors involved, such as human factors, the complexity of developing products, the diversity of development levels, and the management problems of large projects. In Software development cost estimation, we are faced with many variables that change over time, interact with each other and make prediction difficult. In order to solve this problem, using systems and software dynamic approach, a model for estimation software development costs has been designed and implemented in this research. In this research, the system dynamics approach and fuzzy logic are used to modeling. This research consists of two statistical populations. The first statistical population in this research includes IT managers and software development project managers. The second population in this research includes experts of Magfa Company. The tool used to collect data is a questionnaire. The data and information related to the project of development of BI-software (Business intelligence software) were at Magfa Company and has been gathered from the people involved in the project. After simulating and testing the model, three scenarios have been defined to reduce software development costs, which include: increasing personnel experience and increasing the experience of project managers, increasing the capabilities and competencies of manpower and changing the lifecycle of the system from cascading to agile methodology scenario. The findings indicate that the company will see a further reduction in software development costs by using the agile life cycle model.

The internet of things is the result of evolution in internet technology that made possible to connect things, and can greatly change the processes and ways of service in libraries. However internet of things has many applications in libraries but there are many barriers to its establishment. This research was conducted to assess barriers to the establishment of the internet of things in libraries in Iran. To this end, the barriers of internet of things establishment in libraries were extracted through reviewing related literature then by using expert’ s opinion it was classified into four categories: financial, security, human and infrastructure. Then using the DEMATEL technique, the relationship between the factors was determined and the barriers ranked by using the analytic network process. The results showed that to establish the internet of things in Iranian libraries, security was the most important factor, and the infrastructure, financial and human were ranked next.

Culture affects our concepts, management behavior and decision making. In information retrieval process, users recognize which records are related to their information needs. On the other hand, users from different countries have different culture and even there are users with different culture from one country. So it’ s necessary to know if there is significant relationship between user’ s cultural attitude and their information behavior? If this relationship is proved, information retrieval researches will enter to new phase. In this research, analytical-survey has been used and there are 2 questionnaires (Hofstede cultural attitude dimensions & relevance judgment) as the research tools. 50 master students of Knowledge and Information Science in Kharazmi University (1393-1395), are research society. For data description average and standard deviation, and for data analysis Pearson Correlation Coefficient and simultaneous-entry regression analysis have been used. Socio-cognitive attitude focuses on effect of users social environment on relevance judgment, but there isn’ t any researches to distinguish relationship between cultural attitude and relevance judgment. Findings show that users have important role in decision making and besides, not only user’ s personality characteristics play effective role, but also cultural situation of users who live in that society is important. Results show that students with low power distance, have high relevance judgment (r=0. 315). The maximum relevance judgment belongs to variables collectivism and relevance judgment (r=0. 508). There is the lowest significant relationship between femininity and relevance judgment (0. 212). Uncertainty avoidance is the only dimension that has inverse significant relationship with relevance judgment (r=-0. 249).

In this study, the structure of co-authorship networks was analyzed using the Macro-level and Micro-level Approach. The study also examined the relationship between centrality measures and citation performance. The research reported here favors a bibliometric approach aiming to visualize the co-authorship networks building on the network analysis method. The population of the research consisted of 24308 authors of the indexed papers in the WOS database. To collect the data pertaining to the citation performance of a given researcher, the articles the given researchers published in a period of three years were taken into account. The citation data (excluding the self-citation) of a given article were gathered considering a three-year lapse after its publication. The results suggested that the mean of co-authorship for each article was 2. 8 authors and the ratio of co-authored articles to single-authored was 89. 4%. Also, this said co-authorship network was a network of “ small world” and lacked “ scale” . The achieved findings illustrated that any increase in the rate of centrality and betweenness centrality of articles led to an increase in the amount of received citations. That said, no significant relationship was found between closeness centrality and the amount of received citations in this area. In this period, the variable of closeness centrality was able to predict the significance for the citation performance of the researchers with Beta coefficient of 0. 289 (p> 0. 000). Therefore, it is safe to say that researchers’ citations performance was affected by betweenness centrality measures and this measure played a pivotal role in the researchers’ citation performance at this period of time. Although in a coauthoring network occupying a central position by the researcher, it is of strategic importance in terms of its proximity but it does not necessarily improve his performance. A definitive commentary on the relation between interstitial centrality and citation performance, more research is needed.