QOM UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES JOURNAL
Year:2019 | Volume:13 | Issue:2 |Papers Count:12

Background and Objectives: Transition metal complexes possess a variety of biological and pharmacological activities, such as antitumor, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and free radical scavenging. Many studies have been carried out on platinum-based chemotherapy agents, however, most attention has been paid to nonplatinum metal-based agents in order to find different metal complexes with less side effects and similar cytotoxicity. This study was conducted with the objective of investigating the anticancer effect of various five-and six-membered palladium (II) complexes on colon cancer cell line. Methods: In this study, in order to investigate the anticancer effect of 8 five-and six-membered palladium (II) complexes containing bidentate phosphorus ligands, the colon cancer cell line was treated for 24 h. Cell viability was studied using MTT assay. Also, in order to further study on the mechanism of action of these compounds, lipid peroxidation index was evaluated by TBA (thiobarbituric acid) test. Results: In this study, the results were indicative of anticancer properties of five-and six-membered ring palladium complexes compared to the control group. Maximum cytotoxicity was shown in treatment of cells with C6 complex and the minimum cytotoxicity was found in treatment of the cells with C5 complex. Also, the results of TBA test indicated the anticancer property of five-and six-membered ring palladium complexes in comparison with the control group. Conclusion: The comparison of inhibitory effect between fivemembered palladium complexes (C1 C4) showed that the chlorine substituted complex (C1) had the highest effect on cell growth, while between six-membered palladium complexes (C5 C8), the bromine substituted complex (C6) had the highest effect on cell growth.

Background and Objectives: Ghrelin is a peptide hormone that was initially derived from stomach and introduced as an endogenous ligand for the growth hormone secretagogue receptor. Ghrelin is fundamentally involved in regulation of nutrition and energy homeostasis in the body. It has been shown that ghrelin has an important role in fertility in women. The purpose of the present study was to assess the effect of ghrelin on viability, growth, and apoptosis of human granulosa cells culture in vitro. Methods: In this experimental-laboratory study, granulosa cell samples were collected from patients with tubal or male infertility factors, who were treated with IVF or ICSI for the first time. The cells were cultured in a medium containing DMEM-F12 with FBS 10% and penicillin 1% and streptomycin, then, ghrelin was tested in cells at concentrations of 100, 250, 500, 1000, and 10000 pm for 24 hours. The MTT method was used to detect the viability and growth of the cells and hoechst staining was used for detection of apoptosis. Results: Treatment of granulosa cells with ghrelin dose-dependently increased the viability and growth of the cells. Significant growth was observed with 500 and 1000 pm at the significance level of p<0. 05 and with 10000 pm at the significance level of p<0. 001. No significant effect was observed at the concentrations of 100 and 250 pm. Also, ghrelin treatment at the concentrations of 100, 500, 1000 pm decreased apoptosis in these cells. Conclusion: The results of the current study revealed that ghrelin administration can increase growth and viability in granulosa cells, and in contrast, decrease apoptosis in these cells.

Background and Objectives: Epilepsy is a neurodevelopmental disorder, which based on the evidences of prenatal factors, has a significant influence on the development of nervous system in offspring. The present study was performed to investigate the effect of seizure in pregnancy on pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced seizure behavior in offspring. Methods: In this experimental study, after pregnancy stabilization in mice, one group was classified as the negative control group and the rest of the kindled pregnant mice were assigned to three groups, including: 1) seizure induction group between the fourteenth and nineteenth days of pregnancy (once in 48 hours), 2) sham group received normal saline intraperitoneally on the fourteenth to nineteenth days of pregnancy (once in 48 hours), and 3) control group consisting of pregnant mice kindled without injection during pregnancy. On the day 15 (weanling period) and 24 (post-weanling period), seizure susceptibility to PTZ in offspring of the studied groups, was evaluated. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis statistical test. Results: In this study, the seizure susceptibility of the offspring in PTZ-treated group in post-weanling period significantly was higher compared to the offspring in other groups (p<0. 05). However, there was no difference in the seizure susceptibility between offspring in weanling period (p>0. 05). Conclusion: The present study findings showed that with increasing age, the seizure potential of offspring of the mice treated with PTZ increases compared to the offspring of the control group.

Background and Objectives: Dexamethasone is a synthetic glucocorticoid, which causes oxidative stress in the testicular tissue. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of quercetin as a powerful antioxidant on sperm parameters and serum biochemical factors in mature adult mice following the treatment with dexamethasone. Methods: In this experimental study, 24 mature adult male NMRI mice, were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=6), including control group, group received dexamethasone (dose, 7mg/kg/day), group received quercetin (dose, 50mg/kg/day) and group received Dexamethasone+quercetin. Seven days after the treatment and intraperitoneal injection, the serum samples were collected to measure the testosterone level, total antioxidant capacity, and malondialdehyde level. The left testis was used to measure daily sperm production (DSP) and left caudal epididymis was cut in the Ham’ s F10 medium, then the released spermatozoa were used to analyze the sperm parameters and chromatin quality. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’ s test at a significance level of p<0. 05. Results: In this experimental study, a significant decrease was observed in the mean sperm count, viability, normal morphology, motility, and daily sperm production, serum testosterone level and total antioxidant capacity and a significant increase was seen in the malondialdehyde (MDA) level in the dexamethasone group compared to the control group. In the dexamethasone+quercetin group, the mentioned parameters were compensated to the extent of the control level. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that quercetin, as a strong antioxidant, could ameliorate the adverse effects of dexamethasone on sperm parameters and serum biochemical factors in mice.

Background and Objectives: Adiponectin is an adipokine, which is abundantly expressed in adipose tissue and has a potent roles in insulin sensitivity. This study aimed to test the association of single nucleotide polymorphism of rs1501299 of the adiponectin gene with adiponectin levels and type 2 diabetes. Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 80 diabetic patients with fasting blood glucose (FBG) more than 100mg/dl and 80 individuals with FBG of 70-100mg/dl as control group. The genotyping determination was performed by PCR-RFLP method. Biochemical and anthropometric variables were measured by standard methods, and the levels of adiponectin and insulin, were measured using a human ELISA kit. Data were analyzed using independent t-, Mann-Whitney, Chi-square, and Kolmogorov Smirnov tests and logistic regression model. Results: In this study, there was no significant difference between TT and GT carriers in any of the clinical and anthropometric variables in both groups. Also, the adiponectin rs15012993 gene polymorphism had no relation to adiponectin level (p<0. 05). The genotypes of rs15012993 had association with T2DM. The T allele showed protective effects against type 2 diabetes (OR: 0. 47, 95% CI: 0. 25-0. 88, p=0. 018). The Frequency of GG genotype was higher in diabetic patients compared to the control group (OR=2. 14, 95% CI=1. 15-4. 03, p=0. 018). Conclusion: The present study results revealed that there is an association between adiponectin rs1501299 gene polymorphism and type 2 diabetes. This polymorphism in the adiponectin gene has no relation to adiponectin levels.

Background and Objectives: Hemophilia is a hereditary bleeding disorder, which CFC (clotting factor concentration) method is used for prevention and treatment of about 70% of these patients. This method can play an important role in the transmission of blood-borne viruses, such as hepatitis B and C. According to studies, more than 40% of patients with hemophilia have one of the hepatitis C, B, and D, or HIV. The objective of this study was to determine prevalence of hepatitis B and C in the hemophilia population of Qom province. Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study, was carried out on 90 patients with hemophilia Qom province, in 2017. Primary diagnosis and screening of hepatitis, were performed using serology for HBV and HCV; then, the samples were analyzed by PCR method. The data were statistically analyzed by Chi-square test. Results: In this study, 70 subjects of the statistical population were male and 20 subjects were female, and their mean age was 27 years. In the serological survey, anti HCV, HBsAg, and HBcAb, were positive in 27. 8%, 0%, and 11. 1%, respectively. Moreover, the results of the PCR test for HBV was negative and for HCV was positive in 9 out of 25 individuals, who were anti-HCV positive. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that among the bloodborne viral hepatitis in the hemophilia population, the incidence of hepatitis C is higher. Also, in recent years, monitoring the donated blood reduced the risk of the incidence of viral hepatitis in the blood recipient hemophilic populations. Accordingly, continuous testing and paying attention to the vaccination schedule seems to be necessary in this group of patients.

Background and Objectives: Green cardamom with scientific name of Elettaria cardamomum belongs to Zingiberaceae family. The purpose of this study was to determine the chemical composition and antioxidant activity and antibacterial effects of Elettaria cardamomum essential oil on some pathogenic microorganisms in vitro. Methods: In this experimental study, first, Elettaria cardamomum essential oil was extracted using hydrodistillation method by clevenger. Then, its chemical composition, were identified by gas chromatography and gas chromatography– mass spectrometry. Antioxidant activity of the essential oil, was evaluated based on the percentage of free radical inhibitory activity. The antimicrobial activity of Elettaria cardamomum essential oil was tested by disc diffusion, well diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) methods. Data analysis was carried out using analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. Results: In this research, 23 compounds, were identified in Elettaria cardamomum essential oil. The major compound of the essential oil was Eucalyptol (31. 51%) and the Antioxidant activity of Elettaria cardamomum essential oil, was obtained to be 43%± 0. 67. The MIC of Elettaria cardamomum essential oil ranged from 4 to 32mg/ml, depending on the type of bacteria (Gram positive or Gram negative). The results of the disc diffusion and well diffusion tests showed that the maximum inhibition zone diameter (IZD) of Elettaria cardamomum essential oil was for the Streptococcus pyogenes and the minimum IZD was for Enterobacter aerogenes. Conclusion: Based on the results of this research, the essential oil of Elettaria cardamomum has antioxidant activity and antimicrobial activity against several pathogenic strains. Therefore, further researches are required for clinical application of Elettaria cardamomum essential oil.

Background and Objectives: Considering the increasing use of implant, many dentists are willing to use implants with the highest quality and ease of work. Therefore, the present study was performed to investigate the frequency of use and satisfaction of the dentists from different dental implant systems in Qom city. Methods: In this descriptive and cross-sectional study, a questionnaire was prepared and distributed among the dentists who was performing dental implant treatment in order to assess the components of frequency of use of implant systems and dentists’ satisfaction. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics. Results: This study was carried out on 80 dentists, and 92. 6% of the dentists considered better services and 85% of whom considered ease of implant placement as an important priority for choosing an optimal implant system. Three most satisfying systems included Implantium system (40%), SIC system (38. 8%), and Dio system (33. 8%), and in terms of the frequency of use of the implant systems, 45. 1% of the dentists were highly using Implantium, 38. 8% SIC system, and 33. 8% Dio system. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, better services and convenience of work stages are the most important priority for dentists in choosing an optimal implant system, and the most used implant systems are Implantium systems, SIC, and Dio. Moreover, the dentists’ highest level of satisfaction in Qom city was from Implantium, SIC, and Dio systems.

Background and Objectives: Assessment, identification, and presentation of management challenges of running programs can help policymakers and administrators to overcome these deficiencies and achieve the objectives of the plan. This study was conducted with the aim of explanation of the management challenges and solutions for its elimination in the health sector of health system reform plan Qom city. Methods: In this qualitative study, participants were the experts and the executives of Qom health center, health services providers in the health centers affiliated to the deputy of health of Qom University of Medical Sciences and health services recipients referring to health centers in Qom city, selected by convenience sampling. The data were collected through individual interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire and analyzed by qualitative content analysis and an inductive approach. Challenges for health system reform in the field of health, were extracted by qualitative method. Results: The data of this study were categorized in 21 categories and 7 themes. From the perspective of the participants, the management challenges of health system reform in the health sector included waste of resource, the unexceptionable system, hasty implementation of the program, emphasis on quantity and directional reporting, ineffective monitoring, shortcomings in implementation of the program, and reduced quality of health services. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, it is necessary to design effective strategies for management of resources, establishment of a system for collecting criticisms and suggestions and their application, judgment based on the quality of services, modification of the existing monitoring system, eliminating executive failures, and paying attention to the improvement of the quality of services.