QOM UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES JOURNAL
Year:2019 | Volume:13 | Issue:9 |Papers Count:10

Background and Objectives: Contact with acrolein rapidly reduces intracellular glutathione and its antioxidant capacity and causes mitochondrial dysfunction. The use of some polymeric nanocurcumin increases the stability of curcumin. In this study, the effect of these two, was investigated on acrolein-induced toxicity in mitochondria isolated from rat liver cells. Methods: In this experimental study, male Wistar rats (weight, 180-200g), were used. Mitochondria obtained from rat liver, were exposed to different concentrations of curcumin and nanocurcumin, Then, they were exposed to toxic concentrations of acrolein and the mitochondrial viability, was evaluated in comparison with the non-protected group. Data were analyzed using one way ANOVA test. Results: In this study, curcumin and nanocurcumin did not show any significant difference in the mitochondria viability at all the concentrations, which is indicative of their non-toxic effect on mitochondria. However, curcumin and nanocurcumin at all concentrations have not been able to exert their protective effect on mitochondria in the presence of acrolein. Moreover, mitochondria can be considered as target organelles against the acute toxicity of acrolein. The mechanism of acrolein toxicity was such that curcumin and nanocurcumin could not exert their protective effects against mitochondrial toxicity of acrolein. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that since the mechanisms of different toxins are different, they have different effects on various toxicities of protective agents and not every protective agent can exert its effects against all toxins.

Background and Objectives: Serum level of C peptide is considered as one of the indicators of diabetes treatment process. In this study, simultaneous effect of aerobic exercise and Matricaria chamomilla L. flower (MFE) extract, was investigated on the serum level of C peptide in male diabetic rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 24 male Wistar rats (weight range, 200± 20g), were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=6): control group (diabetic without treatment and training), MFE (diabetic treated with the extract), aerobic training (diabetic and training), and MFE+aerobic training (diabetic treated with extract+aerobic training). The aerobic training was performed as running on treadmill for 12 weeks (5 days per week, 60min/day, 26meter/min). The rats were diabetized with a single dose of streptozotocin (65mg/kg bw, ip). The MFE groups that daily received 200mg/kg orally (gavaged) along with exercise, were tested for 12 weeks. Data were analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk test, one way ANOVA, and Tukey post hoc test at the significant level of p<0. 05. Results: In this study, the serum level of C peptide significantly increased in MFE group, exercise group, and the chamomile extract along with exercise group compared to the control group (p<0. 01). Conclusion: The findings of this research indicated that aerobic exercise and use of MFE caused an increase in the serum level of C peptide in diabetic rats.

Background and Objectives: Cancer is one of the most deadly diseases in the present age and its conventional therapies have had low success. Toxin therapy of cancer is a new therapeutic approach, which has attracted the attention of pharmaceutical specialists. Diphtheria toxin consists of three functional, transducing, and binding domains, that the functional part inhibits protein synthesis and causes cell death. The purpose of this study was to produce the functional domain of the diphtheria toxin fused with a TAT penetrating peptide and to investigate its degree of lethality on cell line. Methods: In this study, primer was designed for tat-diph gene and the gene construct containing the sequence of the functional chain of diphtheria toxin and the TAT peptide sequence, were amplified and cloned into prokaryotic expression vector pET-28a containing a sequence of histidine. After transferring into bacterial host (E. coli BL21 DE3), induction of expression was performed using IPTG, then, the resulting protein was purified and the protein expression was confirmed by anti-histidine antibody attached to horseradish peroxidase (HRP) using western blotting technique. In the next step, the lethality of the produced chimeric protein, was evaluated on MCF7 cell line by MTT assay. Data were analyzed by uni pirate and oligo 6 software. Results: The results of MTT assay indicated that the TAT-Diph recombinant protein adjacent to the MCF7 cell line increased the rate of mortality of the cells. Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that the recombinant protein with functional domain of diphtheria toxin and AT peptide could have lethal effect on MCF7 cell line.

Background and Objectives: With increasing prevalence of heart diseases, a large number of patients refer to hospitals for treatment of heart diseases. These patients are prone to disturbances, such as cardiac arrest that is life threatening. Nurses have taught cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) during their academic education, but the process of CPR changes and is updated every few years, which makes the education important and necessary in this area. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of knowledge, skills, and satisfaction of nurses from participating in traditional and electronic CPR courses and to compare between them. Methods: This study was carried out as an intervention study on two groups (pre-test and post-test) on nurses working in Kashan Shahid Beheshti Hospital. Sampling was performed using Systematic Random Sampling, and the samples were divided alternatively into two groups of traditional and electronic trainings. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics tests of paired t-and one way ANOVA tests. Results: the scores of knowledge, skill, and satisfaction of the nurses in both groups of e-learning and traditional education significantly increased, but the level of awareness was significantly higher in the nurses in the e-learning group as compared to the nurses who participated in the traditional training group. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that both traditional and electronic methods have a positive effect on the promotion of nurses' awareness of CPR. Moreover, knowledge, skills, and satisfaction from CPR e-learning course, were higher than those in nurses participating in the traditional training method.

Background and Objectives: Fear of childbirth is a common problem in pregnant women. One of the reasons of fear of childbirth is personality type. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship between fear of childbirth and personality type in pregnant women. Methods: This descriptive analytical cross-sectional study, was performed on 355 pregnant women in the second and third trimesters in Qom in 2018. Sampling method was classification. Data were collected using Fear of childbirth questionnaire and Friedman personality type questionnaire. Data were analyzed by independent t-test, chi-square, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: The mean age of mothers was 26± 6. 04 years with age range of 15-41 years. There was a significant relationship between childbirth fear and personality type, so that the mean score of fear of childbirth was higher in subjects with type B personality type compared to the ones with type A personality type. Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that fear of delivery was higher in the pregnant women with type B personality type that this fear can have negative effects on the type of delivery and the embryo. Therefore, it is suggested that using regular exercises and relaxing body during the pregnancy reduce pain and stress during the childbirth.

Background and Objectives: Safety and health of employees is one of the top priorities of human resource managers in every organization. In the meantime, hospital staffs are exposed to various occupational hazards, including different types of infections, stressors, allergen materials, and so on. Therefore, the need for a health care and monitoring plan is one of the most important management programs. The present study was performed with the purpose of designing a staff health management process in hospitals. Methods: This qualitative study was carried out as a grounded theory study by purposeful sampling among the experts of healthcare management, occupational health, and HSE group in Tohid Hospital in Bushehr province. Data were collercted using in-depth interview questions. The number of participants with theoretical saturation of interview data was considered 15 subjects, but for sure, 20 interviews were performed. The duration of each interview was 40 to 50 minutes. The validation was performed using reliability, portability, reliability, and verifiability methods. The data were analyzed using Straus Corbin method. Results: In this study, 135 primary codes and 6 main categories, including interfering factors, causal factors, pivotal phenomenon, performance strategies, contextual requirements, and functional outcomes, were extracted. The components of employee health consisted of rules and requirements management, management of environmental hazards identification, accident management, employees’ safety management, and preventive measures. Conclusion: The proposed model can be used as a tool for the hospital staff health management. Management of the hospital staff health requires a coherent and efficient plan, which must be continuously and consistently implemented, controlled, and monitored to lead to improvement and effectiveness of the quality of staff health.

Background and Objectives: Since one of the methods of educational needs assessment is self-assessment, thus, it can be useful to determine the training required by professors based on their job descriptions. The purpose of this study was educational needs assessment of the faculty members of Qom University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This analytical descriptive cross-sectional study was carried on all faculty members of Qom University of Medical Sciences. Sampling method was census and 142 participants were included in the study. Data collection tools included demographic questionnaire and faculty members' educational needs assessment questionnaire with 6 domains that was completed by the faculty members. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient, Independent t-test, and one way ANOVA. Results: In this study, the most needs in the field of education (how to develop creativity in the students, in the field of research (design and implementation of secondary research), in the field of individual development (how to work with SPSS software), in the field of executive and management activities (motivation management), in the field of therapeutic services and health promotion; (professional rules and regulations), and in the field of specialized activities outside the university (methods of providing individual counseling services to the community), were reported as the top priorities of the professors. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it is recommended that the Education Development Center of the university should take action according to the identified educational needs based on the priorities in order to organize workshops and training courses tailored to the needs of faculty members.

Background and Objectives: According to medical literature, lung cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality among women, which is more prevalent in Iran and leads to women’ s function decline in the family. This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of group counseling by Gestalt Therapy and Positive Psychology approach on psychological well-being in woman with lung cancer and comparing their results with each other. Methods: The present study is a quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test design. The statistical population was selected using random and convenience sampling from the Oncology ward of Valiasr Hospital in Qom city. In this research, the samples were divided into two groups of experimental and control, which 10 subjects were considered for each of the intervention and control groups, so that, in total, the sample size was calculated to be 30 subjects. According to the principles of psychotherapy, the protocols of Positive Psychology and Gestalt Therapy were implemented and a psychological well-being questionnaire was used to assess the effect of these two approaches. Data were analyzed using multivariate covariance analysis model. Results: The mean age of the samples was 41. 50± 12. 2 years. There was also a difference between the effectiveness of group counseling with Gestalt therapy and positive psychology on psychological wellbeing in women with lung cancer (p=0. 001(. Overall, by controlling the pre-test effect, there was a significant difference between the groups in terms of the "psychological well-being" variable. Among the 6 variables, significant difference was observed between the groups only in 4 variables of self-acceptance (p=0. 004), positive relationship with others (p=0. 002), purposeful living (p=0. 0021), and personal growth (p= 0. 001). Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that there was a significant difference between the groups in terms of "psychological well-being" by controlling for the pre-test effect. Moreover, positive psychotherapy has a high and significant effectiveness and Gestalt therapy has low and insignificant effectiveness. Therefore, the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy is higher than Gestalt therapy.