JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY
Year:2019 | Volume:11 | Issue:1 |Papers Count:7

The quantitative expansion of higher education in Iran as well as the rest of the world, often referred to as massification and globalization of higher education, has raised many questions. A serious issue worthy of examination is the rationale which justifies the rapid expansion of higher education in Iran compared to regional and global trends. This paper deals with this question. The data analyzed in this study with secondary analysis method is based on census statistics in post-revolution period. The data has been analyzed within the framework of human capital theory and the relevant theories, such as graduate employability and educational production functions. The findings show that the relationship between rising numbers of graduates and per capita graduate employment in post-revolution Iran do not follow a single trend. Our analysis shows that for the period between 1986-1996, human capital theory can explain the development of higher education in Iran. But for the years after 1996, this theory is not capable of providing a satisfactory answer to the question of higher education development, especially among women. Our analysis also shows that the rationale behind the irrelevancy between development of higher education and employment differs among males and females.

The University of Entrepreneur's paradigm as the third generation of universities is used to describe the universities that use different scientific strategies to participate in the economic and social development of the region and to strengthen the entrepreneurship ecosystem. Therefore, the present study was conducted to analyse the potential and inhibitors of Razi University in order to become an Entrepreneur university. In terms of purpose, this research is an applied and methodology for collecting research data, is a qualitative method, and is a type of Grounded theory. The community was formed by faculty members of Razi University. The sampling method was purposeful and snowball type. Data were collected using semi-structured and deep interviews. Interview was conducted with 12 faculty members of Razi University. The method of data analysis was to analyze the content of the interviews. In order to validate the validity, the views of experts and management and entrepreneurship experts have been used. The reliability of the research was calculated using the Holsti PAO reliability formula (value 0. 92). According to the research findings, there are seven factors as potential (internal and external) and 17 factors as inhibitors (internal and external) to Razi University in order to become an entrepreneurial university. In the end, the model proposed by the University of Entrepreneur for the Razi University was presented.

University industry collaboration provides a sound context for university to become an entrepreneurial university; good understanding about relevant industrial players and collaboration mechanisms is a prerequisite. The diversity of partners and mechanism of industrial cooperation which university may approach to play its role in the national innovation system, highlights the importance of prioritizing the partner-mechanism choices. This research suggests a method for recognizing the priorities of industrial cooperation from the university perspective which leads to focus the required planning and preparations. This method begins with identification of university-industry collaboration mechanisms, key players and selection criteria; after recognition of effective combinations of mechanism-partner as decision choices using Delphi, the choices would be prioritized using a combination of DEMATEL and VICOR decision making methods. Applying this method for evaluating the industrial communications of Iran University of Science and Technology, demonstrates that "research services and contracts" is the most important mechanism and "manufacturing and service companies" as well as "public and state organizations" are the main partners of the university. Further, "spin-offs" and "joint research centers" are in the second priority with considerable capacities to accelerate university's movement toward an entrepreneurial university.

The transforming classic universities to the entrepreneurial university is necessary, when paying no attention to this, may have a lot of negative consequences. Therefore, the main objective of this study was exploring these consequences. This qualitative research, implied inductive approach and in terms of methodology it was a descriptive-exploratory research. To achieve the research goals of the study, a semi-structured interview was conducted with 20 higher education experts through a purposeful sampling when analyzing information was done by thematic technique. Trustworthiness the findings was measured by conducting additional interviews; transferability was confirmed by re-test technique; and the reliability coefficient was identified as 0. 9%. Since the results of reliability coefficient varies between zero (no agreement) and one (full agreement), the coefficient indicates that the findings are highly trusted. The results showed that social consequences with 73 codes, economic impact with 46 codes, political implications with 5 codes, cultural implications with 3 codes and international outcomes of neglecting universities into entrepreneurial universities with 19 codes out of 146 codes in whole could describe the negative consequences of neglecting the transforming to entrepreneurial university. Thus, the results of the coding showed 5 main components and 19 sub-components.

The present research aims to propose a causal model for effective factors in commercialization of academic research. This research is an applied one in its purpose and a descriptive-correlational one in terms of the method. The research community includes 499 master students studying at engineering schools of Shiraz University. The data collection tool is a questionnaire for which Cronbach’ s alpha has been utilized to measure its reliability. The effects of the variables such as psychological empowerment, self-efficacy, university policy, social capital, perceived behavioral control and attitude about commercialization have been analyzed on the intention of knowledge commercialization. Based on the values of correlational coefficient, the results indicate that intention of commercialization maintains a significant relationship separately with the psychological empowerment, perceived behavioral control and attitude about commercialization at 0. 01 level and with the social capital at 0. 05 level. On the other hand, the intention of commercialization lacks a significant relationship with the self-efficacy and university policy.

The current paper aims at designing an entrepreneurship-based competency model in higher education (Case Study: Graduates in Educational Sciences). This isan applied, quantitative and qualitative research. The statistical population consists of the professors of the entrepreneurial field and the activists of the business sector and the students of the field of education at the Tehran. A sample ofTwenty-two was selected in the qualitative section from teachers and graduates of education science and entrepreneurs using targeted sampling method. a sample of 125 was selected from teachers and graduates of education science and entrepreneurs usingMorgan's table and convenient sampling method. The results of factor analysis using PLS software showed that in this research, the variables of policymaking and management of business education and learning (β = 0. 200), IT management (β = 0. 200), decision making and problem solving (α = 0. 215), interactions and effective communication (β = 0. 203), management and leadership (β = 0. 250) and learning management and human resources development (β = 0. 198) have significant direct and positive effects on the structure of entrepreneurship-based curriculum in the field of educational science.