JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY
Year:2009 | Volume:1 | Issue:4|Papers Count:7

Setting priorities in R&D issues at national, sector and firm level is a necessity that is considerably concerned during latest decades. Although various methods are developed for Priority setting, most of them are quantitative, somehow with the wrong results. To deal with the challenges, different combinations of qualitative and quantitative approaches are developed for various situations. In this paper, a new approach using critical technologies method is developed in the sector level and applied for prioritizing R&D issues of membrane technology in National Iranian Gas Industry (NIGC).

This research using Document Study and Citation analysis methods aimed to investigate the situation of co-authorship among Iranian articles published in ISI journals (1989-2005). Web of Science (WoS) database have been used to collection data in use as well. To examine the hypothesis and address research questions, ANOVA, Duncan and Spearman tests was used. Findings showed. 88.2 percent of Iranian articles have enjoyed co-authorship, there is correlation between co-authorship and citation rate of articles and there is significant difference among five subject areas (Pure Sciences, Medical Sciences, engineering, agriculture and Humanities) respect to citation rate of the articles.

Near 3 decades, identifying and investigating the key issues of information systems management was a major concern of many countries. But there are a few researches about identifying major variables that affects the key issues in the IS management field. In the other side there are not any researches in the national level about variables affecting the key issues in Iran. Therefore in this paper, after identifying the key issues of IS management in the literature, based on expert opinions the major variables that affect the key issues was identified. Finally the importance of the affecting variables was determined using post hoc Bonferroni test, and depicted in a schematic model.

Patent documentations include the rare information and the results of applied researches. The analysis of the patent information establishes a new insight about the research and business environment. The recognition of the patent analysis applications not only responds to many information needs and contributes to decision making in research centers, but also makes the researchers and managers familiar with and encouraged to the use of this new tool in research.Presenting a suitable conceptual framework to evaluate the rate of patent analysis usage in research centers is the object of this article. Another object, in this respect, is to determine the applications of the patent analysis. This is a qualitative research, and its results obtained by library studies, questionnaire, interview with the experts (semi-structured), researcher's contribution in research, and also by using the AHP technique.Finally, the hierarchical conceptual framework is recognized as a supreme (suitable) one and its sub-sections are determined. This structure is divided to macro (strategic), intermediate (competitive) and operational (technical) levels. Seventy five patent analysis applications in research centers are recognized in this structure and are presented in different classifications.

This research has designed and conducted to adapting Strategy Map and Balanced Scorecard techniques in the case of national technology strategy for evaluating the progress of National Iranian Nanotechnology Initiative (NINI). While conducting research, it realized that the layers of Strategy Map are in high accordance with National Innovation System (NIS) levels. Therefore, these two mentioned approaches combined by survey of experts. Integrating two approaches concluded us placing "Social Capital" at the bottom layer of the Strategy Map as the NIS infrastructure and economic development at its top layer as the NIS obtained.

The present article examines the relation between explaining theories of the process of knowledge creation and specific condition of the country economy. The first sections of the paper deals with characteristic of the historical process through which the explaining theories have formed in developed countries. This historical descreiption complete by critical suty of weakness and strengths of different approaches about the processes of creation, distribution and application of knowledge, especially common present approaches, namely recent theories with emphasis on the market pull. Then it challenge/problematise relevancy of explanatory power of demand – centered and systemic approaches in the country contexts and finally invite to taking a type of systemic approaches, not for explaning existing situation, as a framework for moving to ideal situation.

The purpose of this study is to explore the scientific collaborations between Iran and its neighbor countries from 1990 to 2007, describing the need and importance of collaboration in scientific research. Scientific research collaboration as an important component of the research process is an essential factor in the development of science and research, especially in developing countries.This study analyzes 'co-authorship' as the most common indicator for assessing scientific collaborations. For this study, papers co-authored and published by researchers affiliated with institutions from Iran and its neighbor countries are considered. ISI Web of Science was the main source of data collection. The findings show that Iran has the highest number of co-authorships with Russia, Turkey, and Pakistan, respectively, in physics, chemistry, and biology.Although, common language and culture may have significant impact on scientific collaborations, they are not the only factor. This study shows that political relations between countries may be have a direct impact on scientific collaborations. It is also shown that there is a significant correlation between scientific research productivity of a country and its scientific collaborations with other countries.