RESEARCH IN PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH
Year:2008 | Volume:1 | Issue:4|Papers Count:7

This study examined mediational and mode rational role of children's temperament in the relationship between family emotional security with children's psychopathological symptoms and health. We used relatively stratified random sampling with 413 fifth grade school children in the city of Tehran (220 girls and 193 boys).Mothers responded to the Early Adolescent Temperament Questionnaire-Revised (EATQ-R) and the Child Health Questionnaire-Parent Form (CHQPF- 28), and mothers and teachers responded to the Strengths and Difficulties Question-naire (SDQ).Children answered the Security In the Family System (SIFS) scale. The findings indicate that family emotional security is predictor of children's emotional behavioral symptoms. In addition, children's emotional coping strategies and temperament predicted their psychopathological symptoms and health. Only the mediational role of negative temperament in the relation between family emotional security with physical health, and in the relation between emotional coping strategies with psychopathological symptoms was supported in this research, but the mode rational role of temperament was not supported in this study. The results in the form of theories of temperament, models of the relation between temperament and adjustment, Emotional Security Theory (EST), and risk and protective factors in developmental psychopathology, signify that children's negative temperament as a personal risk factor can counteract the protective influence of family emotional security on children's psychopathological symptoms. In addition, emotional coping strategies (as preoccupation and disengagement) in children who have negative temperament can lead to physical health problems.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of written emotional disclosure on depression and working memory capacity through the students with high depressive symptoms. Using screening sampling method 33 (4 male and 29 female) students in Tarbait Moallem University were selected, and were categorized randomly into two experimental and control groups. The instruments were Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) (Beck, 1961), clinical interview and Working Memory Index (WMI) (Wechsler, 1997).This study is an empirical one with functional goals.It was utilized the MANCOVA for analyzing the data.The results indicated that: written emotional expression reduces the depressive symptoms and increases working memory capacity. Despite for short terms negative consequences, emotional disclosure had long term positive consequences. Overall, written emotional expression could be considered as simple, effective and low cost strat e gy for coping with negative life events.

Schemas have basic role in conception of self-image.They form our knowledge about self and world in way we anticipat events on the basis of this belief.In this study we investigated attitudes toward marriage between students who tended to schema maintenance process and those who tended to schema compensation process. Three hundred seven student (116 males and 191 females) from Ferdowsi University of Mashhad participated in this study. They answered Mate Selection Inventory (MSI) and Hill's Favorableness of Attitudes Toward Marriage Scale (FAMS).The results of independent sample t-test suggested that the study hypothesis implying to significant difference in attitudes toward marriage between students who tend to schema maintenance process and those who tend to schema compensation process in abandonment, failure, dependence, undeveloped self, self-sacrifice, subjugation schemas is true.

The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of the exposure and response prevention (ERP) and fluoxetine in obsessive-compulsive patients. 45 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) were randomly assigned to 3 groups: exposure and response prevention, fluoxetine and waiting-list. All groups were matched by variables such as age, sex, level of education and marital status. To gather the data, a battery of instruments including Moudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (MOCI), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) was used. All patients completed the questionnaires in 3 stages (pre test, post test, and follow-up with 2 month intervals). The findings indicated that the ERP therapy was more effective than fluoxetine to reduce the OCD severity only in short-term (P<0.05). This difference between ERP and waiting list groups was significant in short-term and long-term too (P<0.01). The difference between fluoxetine and waiting-list groups was significant only in short-term (P<0.05). The efficacy of fluoxetine on depression severity in short-term and long-term was more significant than ERP and waiting-list groups (P<0.01, P<0.05, respectively). The efficacy ofERP and fluoxetine on the anxiety severity was not significant.

This study was conducted to investigate the Persian version of psychometric properties of Achenbach's Behavioral Problems Youth Self-report Scale (YSR).786 high school students (388 girls and 398 boys) were randomly selected from all high schools students of Kermanshah province.The results indicated that the scale had satisfied internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and concurrent and construct validity. The findings also revealed that acquired factors of factor analysis were similar to the main study and were respectively named seclusion / depression, physical complains, depression / anxiety, social problems, thinking problems, attention problems, criminal behaviors, aggressive behaviors, and other behavioral problems.The results confirmed the scale intercultural validity and efficacy for its psychometric properties in high school students in Kermanshah province.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of group hope therapy on the hope and mental health of female students in Isfahan University. 30 students were randomly divided in two groups as control and experimental groups participated in this study.Mental health, were measured with GHQ scale and hope were measured with Snyder's hope scale. It was hypothesized that hope therapy can increase hope and mental health. The intervention program includes of 8 sessions of different parts of therapy.Covariance analysis showed that after 8 session of group hope therapy mental health was significantly more (p<%1) and social dysfunction and depression subscales was significantly lower (p<0/05) in the experimental group than control group. It is concluded that as a useful method of intervention, hope therapy can be applied for increase the hope and mental health of clients.

The aim of this study was to exame the effectiveness of neurofeedback training on general mental health in opiate dependant patients. Twenty opiate dependant patients undergoing pharmacotherapy, were selected in a lumpy way. In pretest stage, all participants were assessed with general health questionnaires (GHQ) and were randomly assigned to two groups (experimental and control). The experimental group received 30 sessions neurofeedback as well as usual pharmacotherapy. Control group just received usual pharmacotherapy. At the end of designated period, all subjects were assessed again by general health questionnaire. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOYA) showed that experimental group had a significant difference in somatic symptoms, depression symptoms, and total score in general psychological health, in comparison with control group. It means that the neurofeedback training can be used to improve the- effectiveness of treatment in opiate dependant patients.