Industrial Management Journal
Year:2019 | Volume:11 | Issue:2 |Papers Count:9

Objective: Providing a bi-level programming model to solve the simultaneous problem of supplier selection and order allocation in multi-echelon supply chain is sought. The model will be proposed so that at the leader level, the supplier selection problem with the objective of increasing system reliability and at the follower level, the order allocation problem with the objective of reducing cost of system are formulated and customers’ demand at the last echelon of the supply chain is considered as an uncertain parameter. Methods: Modeling the supplier selection and order allocation problem is based on the bi-level programming model, so the robust optimization technique was used to deal with the problem of uncertainty and a bi-level genetic algorithm was used to obtain the optimal solutions. Results: The results obtained from solving a real problem in the steel industry under various scenarios indicated that there is an opposing relationship between reliability and cost objectives, and increasing the number of chain members can lead to an increase in system reliability and cost. On the other hand, as increased reliability can lead to higher system costs, reliability reduction, which is mainly due to lack of quality and deficiency issues, can also lead to an increase in customers' dissatisfaction and, ultimately, an increase in aggregate system costs. Moreover, the results obtained in uncertain conditions, in comparison with definite conditions, indicated an unfavorable situation. Conclusion: In order to improve the reliability of supply chain, the average reliability of the echelons in supply chain, which are at the lowest (highest) level in comparison to other echelons, should increase (decrease) in order to avoid additional costs. Besides, the interactive approach in proposed methodology provides a suitable solution for maximizing the interests of leader and follower levels.

Objective: System architecting as an approach to manage complexity includes four classical methods. However, there are no specific and accepted instruments and techniques and, in total, there is no process to create architecture for modern systems. Therefore, this research aims to determine the methodologies of the operations research field for system architecting. Methods: Systems architecting was considered as a problem, according to the definition in the field of operations research. Then, dimensions / variables and values / conditions related to the system architecting were defined based on the general comprehensive morphological analysis-as one of the methodologies of the soft operations research. The primary morphological field was defined based on theoretical foundations of system architecting by the researcher. Then, the ultimate morphological field was finalized and confirmed through semi-structured interviews with the system architecting experts and using thematic analysis. Finally, the morphology model was modeled with the help and support of the Swedish Morphological center. Results: After testing the model through the Carma software; cross-consistency assessment matrix was completed based on theoretical foundations of system architecting and operations research and was submitted to the Swedish Morphological center. The model was finalized in the seventh round. And then, different configurations / scenarios of the various types of system architecting situations were defined using Carma software. Conclusion: According to the morphological results, the soft system methodology (SSM) has the greatest potential for system architecting.

Objective: Owing to the increasing environmental concerns, the replacement of fuelbased vehicles with electric vehicles and the use of renewable energy in the transportation industry is attracting much attention. The charging station is indispensable for widespread use of electric vehicle, so the design of charging stations with the integration of renewable energy, energy storage systems and grid energy is imperative. Methods: The present study proposes that a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model which is designed to obtain the optimal size of the photovoltaic and battery storage system, in which all investment costs and operational costs are optimized for a time horizon. In this model, the simultaneous purchasing and selling of power can't happen and incomes and costs are calculated based on economic factors. The data from the public charging station in the Netherlands is employed in this study. The optimal size of the photovoltaic and battery storage systems, the optimal purchasing and selling energy of power grid at any moment are determined based on three defined scenarios according to different policies. Results: The results showed that each scenario is economically sound under different conditions. Conclusion: Mixture of renewable energies and storage systems can obtain the best costefficient solution and the utilization of those energies in charging stations of electric vehicle would reduce the impact on the electrical grid.

Objective: Today, organizations are confronted with a changing and unpredictable environment, and only those organizations which are able to quickly respond to these changes and actually have a decent level of agility can progress. In this paper, a model is presented that outlines the most important key factors in overhaul and agility. Methods: Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM) was used and to the data were collected based on interviews and questionnaires. Results: After studying literature on the subject, 36 factors were identified and then confirmed by the experts. Then, using the brain Storming approach, a total of 16 factors were identified as the key factors in the overhaul industry. Afterwards, a questionnaire was designed based on the ISM approach and was made available to 17 experts. Upon reaching consensus, these factors were analyzed by that approach and were categorized into six levels, the most important of which were “ the support of senior managers” , “ the clear statement of managerial goals” and “ focus and attention to the consumers (customers)” . Conclusion: The findings of this research showed that using long-term and short-term plans by the hierarchy of command, exploiting the capabilities of industrial and academic centers of the country, using the knowledge and experience of the staff of the organization, we can reach to the desired level of agility in overhaul in defensive equipment.

Objective: The present study aims to identify key indicators of sustainable development performance in the petrochemical industry of Iran. Moreover, we tend to provide rankings and pairwise comparison of subordinate companies which are related to one of the holding companies of this industry. Additionally, the present study aims at identifying strategic points regarding all indicators and their rankings and also recognizing the most important KPIs regarding the 5-year sustainable development performance. Methods: In this research, Stochastic Multi-criteria Acceptability Analysis is used that is a new member of Multiple-criteria decision analysis methods. The sampling was done through quota non-probability method. Results: the results indicated that economic perspective's KPIs include revenue growth, return on assets, and profit to revenue ratio. Environmental perspectives include fresh water usage, greenhouse gas, flaring gas, oil spills, and waste reduction. Also, preventing corruption, injury rate and development and workforce training are the KPIs regarding social perspective. Having provided rankings and comparison among the companies, flaring gas was identified as the most important KPI related to sustainable development. Conclusion: This research can address all companies related to the petrochemical industry, to consider all perspectives of corporate governance. Not only value creation for all stakeholders should be the goal of this kind of companies, but they should also emphasize on flaring gas as the most important KPIs.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to identify the factors affecting the future of Iran's standardization system in the field of production technology and identify and describe possible scenarios. Methods: Scenario is one of the methods of future-estimation study. In this research, using the cross-impact analysis method, an attempt was made to predict the probability of the effect of an event on another event. And then, the MICMAC software was used to perform the computation of such complex cross-sectional analysis matrix. Results: To this end, firstly, based on library studies and experts’ opinion, a list of the most important factors and variables that the affect the production standardization system was provided, and then the selected factors were identified through a questionnaire. On the next stage, the experts’ opinions were analyzed through designing a questionnaire for mutual effect and 9 factors were identified among the 24 listed factors as the final key factors (risk). Moreover, by designing an uncertainty questionnaire, attempts were made to determine the uncertainties and significance of each of these nine factors. Based on the results and calculations carried out on the results of this questionnaire, four future scenarios of the standardization system in the field of production technology were identified and ultimately described by the panel of experts in these scenarios. Conclusion: Based on the results, it was found that the two uncertainties of "production policies for creating a competitive environment in the industry" and "the possibility of providing modern equipment and machinery" have the highest coefficients and form the axes of the four scenarios derived from this study.

Objective: The nature of innovation generates changes in products or services, as well as changes in their production and supply, with the aim of meeting the needs of new markets and customers’ changing needs. Making these changes requires looking at links, discovering opportunities, and using them. Understanding the nature of innovation and its importance are among crucial and fundamental issues in the present era. The purpose of this paper is to identify and rank effective factors in the implementation of open service innovation in Ghavamin Bank. Methods: In this research, descriptive-correlation method has been used. The statistical population of this research includes the experts of Ghavamin Bank. In order to collect data, five questionnaires were used based on the research variables. The research questionnaires were distributed after the affirmation of validity and reliability. In order to analyze the data, structural equation modeling approach was used based on partial least squares. And also, Shannon Entropy method has been used in order to wight the data. Results: The applied model showed that the implementation of open service innovation depends on resources, organizational, environmental and interactive factors, where the resource factor has the most impact. Conclusion: Due to the high effects of external resources, Ghavamin Bank should increase its focus on the development of technology and business models related to electronic services. In this regard, joint ventures and partnerships with fintech companies can create a new field of innovation.

Objective: The purpose of this paper is to provide a model to solve the problem of discrete resource constraints project scheduling with multi objectives of reliability, risk, time and cost of the project, taking into account the multiple crashable modes and modeidentity capabilities. Methods: Studying the literature on the subject, a mathematical programming model for the problem is presented. Due to the NP-hardness of discrete project scheduling problems, the NSGA-II, NSGA-III and MODA, meta-heuristic algorithms are developed within different dimensions to solve the problem. After presenting the results, the comparison of these algorithms has been done using a number of multi-objective performance measures. Results: Using multiple crashable modes concept and mode-identity in the subset of activities, and, consequently, choosing the best mode for executing activities in each subset and also determining the number of suitable units to reduce the time span, will lead to much better results in terms of project objectives. As a result, the reliability of the project will be maximized and the risk, the time and the cost of project completion will be minimized. Conclusion: While most previous studies have mainly focused on the time and costs of the project objectives, considering the reliability and risk of the project can help projects to yield better results. In addition, the features such as multiple crashable modes and mode-identity will lead to the real world situations and also better solutions can be found.