Geography
Year:2011 | Volume:9 | Issue:29|Papers Count:11

“Structural-functional Dynamism” is an approach in spatial studies, which is evolved from a vast range of empirical spatial studies in the late decades. The view is fundamentally a systematic one, as an essential base for contemporary scientific research. “Structural-functional Dynamism” is based on the priciple, that there’s a strong systematic link between structures and functions of the spatial phenomena; that is to say, one without the other cannot be sufficiently achieved.

Villages and rural economy since the beginning have many relationship with agricultur and it’s sectors, particularly in agriculture, gardening and.... So It can be seen from the definitions of village. Such economic structure has many features that most of them is nondiversity in employment and limited income resources in agriculture and his sectors that has many challenges in the rural spaces and dimensions of rural life.on the other hand, base on sustainable development model, sustainable livelihoods and economic security in rural areas is important and necessary because efficiency and effectiveness should be increase and diversification of economic activites in rural area should be done. Whit such strategic decisions through their functions can ensure from human Posts stability and unfavorable natural conditions in rural life. Economy of Semirom county and rural settellmant, s through single definition of production (apple production) has faced whit many challenges in social, economical, and environmental aspect, s that caused undesirable situation in such area. This article reviews this issue and the role of economic activities diversity in sustainable development.

Subject, originality forms and function of the governance have been considered in Islamic thought field and have been discussed and studied aspects of political and law. So that this subject and governing can be found in many Ayats of holy Quran and speeches of imam Ali in Nahjol Balagheh and in historycal and vergal and jurisprudence text of Muslims explicitly. Thoughts and opinions of philosophers such as Farabi, Bo- ali Sina, Ghazali and Khajeh Nasir Tosi and specially Abdol Rahman Ebn Khaldon are studied and considered in this regard. In this article it has been intended that meanwhile indicating governance and sovreignty concept in religious texts particularly in holy Quran, the opinions and thoughts of Ebn Khaldon to be studied and criticized perfectly.

Effect of climatic parameters in human comfort is very high. this research want to analysis weather of Tehran.the aim of this research recognize best region for human comfort in Tehran and because center of big city is polluted for this reason we only pay attention to this region. Parameters of human comfort that most effect rainful, temperature, humidity and speed of wind.we used census of 8 climatic station per day in this research and we use software for eduction abundance percent of parameters. in next stage we used A.H.P model and make matrix chart and we got best number of climatic parameters. When we analysis parameters and census we understand that in summer north of Tehran is better and in winter south of Tehran and 50%favourableness for this region is in north and decrease in south.

One of the fundamental consequences of instability on regional system of spatial is informal settlements and squatter community. The findings of recent studies on spatial structure of rural settlement in local and regional system reveal that instability in rural settlement on one hand, and the increasing and harsh development of urban spaces on the other hand have been exacerbated informal settlement and slum. In this article has been tried to examine the effects of instability in rural settlement on development of slum in Khorasan Razavi by descriptive –analytic study and using spatial analyses. In this research by determining a five kilometers distance around the urban spaces is tried to show the changes of spatial system of rural settlement. The settlement’s cluster pattern along with increasing population in a 30 years period tended to reinforce population movement from marginal areas to east north. The stability of spatial structures of rural settlement and so the arrangement of squatter community and informal settlement in Khorasan Razavi is based on functional role and promotional quality of rural settlement especially around the urban settlements. Otherwise we will see the small rural settlement around the urban settlement break up which its effects leads to regional instability.

Successful plans are based on behavioral pattern and environmental perception of tourists.So that tourism planners try to rising acceptance of tourism plans with recognizing of this pattern.This is a descriptive and analytic research with an applied purpose. The statistical society is all of the visitors of "Mountain Park of Soffeh" and data collecting of the research is in random sampling. We have these conclusions: In the tourism planning we have to pay attention to wanted of tourism groups like as gender and age groups. Well-being of public transportation will developed the tourism in this park. Recreative and sportive function of this park is the best factor to selecting.

In attention to urban system and distribution pattern of urban cores and centers in land area on one hand, and rapid urbanization growth on the other hand, will lead to disruption and disorder in spatial organization. In such condition, many development policies have been inefficient at national and regional levels and it has not followed expectable results. In This article has been examined urban system analysis in east Azerbaijan province and it has used current models and techniques in the context of urban system such as numerical taxonomic, rank- size rule, entropic coefficient, and primate city indicators. Research methodology in this study is descriptive- analytical. At first, Statistical data have been analyzed and then research results designed with GIS, EXEL, and SAS. Research results have shown which spatial distribution of cities and urban populations is in an imbalance situation in east Azerbaijan province. Tabriz city always has prominent position in national and regional levels with the consist of varied functions and strong hinterland, and it has been causes urban system imbalances in this province with attracting surrounding populations like a primate city.

There are a number of indices for assessment and level determining of regions’ cultural development. Each one of them bears its own value and importance which are used depending on the purpose and methodology of a study. The current study tries to evaluate the level of cultural development of Iran’s provinces and determine the availability levels of the above-mentioned in the provinces using 18 cultural indices. The study is of descriptive and analytical sort. Factor analysis as well as cluster analysis is used for analyzing the data. The results show that there is a big chasm between Iran’s provinces regarding level of cultural development in a way that Tehran province concerning the indices in question is represented very provided and separate from other provinces. Isfahan, Fars, Mazandaran, Semanan, and Yazd are regarded as developed (provided) provinces. Other provinces regarding the availability of cultural indices are not in a proper condition and they are too far from the developed provinces. Sistan & Balouchestan provice is regarded as the most deprived one in Iran that is in a very bad condition regarding the indices in question.

This article aims to rank and determine of development levels and predict planning and development priority in urban places of provinces of Iran in 2006 by using fifty-four indices in health, cultural, economical, infrastructural-housing, sport sectors and combination of these indices. The method of the study is descriptive-analytical. At first, the degree of development was calculated and the rank of regions was specified in studied sections indices by using factor analysis and HDI methods. Then, urban places of provinces of Iran were categorized in three levels of developed, developing and less developed by using of cluster analysis. Finally, a regression relation was proposed in order to predicate effective factors contributed in development and prioritizing of regions for investment and coordination of regional inequalities. The results of factor analysis and HDI methods show that there is an inequality and gap in urban places of provinces of Iran and this regional divergence follows core-periphery model in some extent. So, according to regression model, economical and health indices are proposed in first priority for less developed, developing and developed regions. Infrastructural-housing and sport indices are in second priority for less developed and developed regions respectively in order to reduce regional inequalities.