JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY
Year:2010 | Volume:2 | Issue:1 (5)|Papers Count:7

Introduction: This study examined the clinical effectiveness of the Children’s Depression Inventory for diagnosing depression disorder of children and adolescents.Method: In a descriptive study, 38 students (male) with diagnosis of major depressive disorder according to DSM-IVTR in Counseling Centers of Bandar Abbas Education and 208 students (male) of guidance and high schools that had been selected using multi-stage cluster sampling completed the CDI. Data were analyzed using descriptive methods, logistic regression and ROC analysis.Results: Results from logistic regression indicated that the CDI total score is predictive of a depressive disorder. Roc analysis results showed that cutoff score of 22 has an optimal relation between sensitivity 0.92and specificity 0.91and it is the best cutoff score for Iranian sample.Conclusion: Results provide support for the usefulness of clinical effectiveness of the CDI as a screening tool for detecting depressive disorder in children and adolescents.

Introduction: Psychological variables have a crucial role in genesis and perpetuation of physical diseases. What is the relation between the Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) as a prevalent gastrointestinal disorder and psychological variables? The aim of this study was to compare the personality characteristics of patients with IBS and healthy individuals.Method: The personality characteristics that have examined in this study included neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, conscientiousness and resilience. Sixty patients with IBS (26 men, 34 women) and 104 healthy participants (38 men, 66 women) were included in this study. All the participants were asked to complete the NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-FFI) and the Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Analysis of the data involved both descriptive and inferential statistics including means, standard deviations and multivariate analysis of variance.Results: The results revealed that patients with IBS have more neuroticism and less extraversion and conscientiousness in comparison with the healthy individuals. The results of this study did not show a significant difference in openness and agreeableness dimensions as well as resilience between patients with IBS and the healthy individuals.Conclusion: It can be concluded that personality variables can partly predict infection to IBS.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to compare sensory and semantic information processing in three groups of patient with Schizophrenia and Major Depression and Normal Individuals.Method: The method of present study was Causal-Comparative. Statistical Society of this research was comprised of whole patient with Schizophrenia and Major Depression who were bedridden at Mental Hospitals of Ardabil city. 30 people of each Schizophrenia and Major Depression group were selected randomly along with 30 people of Normal Individuals as experimental group. After psychiatric diagnosis, three groups were tested by adult sensory profile and Azgood deferential test. Data were analyzed by one way ANOVA and Scheffe test.Results: The results showed that there is significant difference between three groups in low registration, sensory sensitivity and sensation avoiding but no significant differences between groups in sensation seeking. In relation to semantic processing, there is significant difference between three groups in appraisal, potency and activity components but nothing in danger component.Conclusion: In comparison with normal group, patient with schizophrenia and major depression disorders registered lower sensory information and try to avoid them. These patients also appraised the information in a negative way and process them with great potency and activity.

Introduction: Essential Hypertension is the third cause of death and one of the most important causes of chronic disability in the world that its course can be chronic and progressive quality of life of patients in different aspects of their affect. The purpose of present study is to determine the effect of Hope Therapy and Drug Therapy on improvement of Quality of Life in the patients with Essential Hypertension.Method: The present research is a quasi-experimental study that performed in Heart center of Medical University of Isfahan between April 2007 and April 2008.40 Patients with Essential Hypertension were assigned in 2 groups as experimental group who received Hope Therapy and control group with Drug Therapy. Data were collected in this study by demographic questionnaire and short form of quality of life questionnaire. Questionnaire were completed by both groups in three stages before, after and three months after the intervention (follow-up phase) then analyzed.Results: Results showed that Hope Therapy was more effective than Drug Therapy on improvement of Quality of Life in the patients with Essential Hypertension in post test and follow-up phase.Conclusion: Hope Therapy is effective on improvement of Quality of Life in the patients with Essential Hypertension.The results suggest a team work approach consist of Psychologists and Heart Professional can be useful for treatment of Quality of Life in the patients with Essential Hypertension.

Introduction: The aim of this study is comparison of reconstitution of thought executive function in subtypes of attention- deficit/hyperactivity disorder based on Barkley' s model.Method: In this ex post facto research, fifty, third and fourth primary grades students (25 attention deficit and 25 hyperactive students) were selected by using Child Symptom Inventory (SCI-4) and DSM-IV-TR recognition interview and administered by Bender-Gestalt test, Reaction Time Test and Vygotsky's Content Shaping Test. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA).Results: The results showed that the students with attention deficit disorder had better performance in behavioral inhibition but there was not significant difference between two groups in reconstitution of thought.Conclusion: Generally, the findings of this study confirmed Barkley's model about deficit of hyperactive children in behavioral inhibition, and rejected it about deficit of reconstitution of thought.

Introduction: Studies have revealed that maternal depression and anxiety play an important role in children internalizing disorders (ID). This study is aimed to find the relationship between maternal depression and anxiety with ID in adolescent girls.Method: 108 normal girl students, ranging from 11 to 16 years old (13.26 ± 0.92) from Tabriz were participated in this descriptive-analytical study. Their mothers answered to Child Symptoms Inventory (csi-4) and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-42). Multiple linear regression, independent samples t-test, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) were used for analysis of causal relationship between maternal depression and anxiety with internalizing disorders in adolescent girls.Results: Maternal depression and anxiety were strong predictors of ID in adolescent girls. Mother’s anxiety (b= 0.243) was stronger than mother’s depression in prediction of ID. SEM showed that there is causal relationship between maternal depression with ID (R=0.49), and between maternal anxiety with ID (R=0.53).Conclusion: Maternal depression and anxiety can cause ID in adolescent girls. These results have implication both in prevention and treatment of ID in adolescent girls.

Introduction: The main aim of the current study was to investigate the performance of the obese individuals comparing with the normal subjects and those who recovered by diet regime on the executive function.Method: Three groups of women subjects from Tehran city including obesity group (N=30, BMI(30 kg/m2), recovered obesity group (N=30, has reduced their weight by diet), and normal control group (N=30, without any history of obesity and psychological problems) who were matched by age and level of education were participated at this study. The instruments were included Wisconsin Cart Sorting Test (WCST), Stroop task, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and State – Trait Anxiety Inventory.Results: The results showed that obese group and recovered group performed worse than normal group on Wisconsin Cart Sorting Test (WCST) and Stroop task.Conclusion: The results are consisting with the previous findings and also indicated that the obese patients suffer from cognitive problems.