URBAN-REGIONAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH (UNIVERSITY OF ISFAHAN)
Year:2011 | Volume:2 | Issue:8|Papers Count:9

Tourism attractions are major component of tourism development. Those are like immature materials and exploiting them should be a procedure of creation value added. It seems urban lighting is a subject that can be effective in this area. Urban lighting can reconstruct the urban skeleton at nights and impress tourists. Moreover it can be effective for urban security and increasing urban tourism duration. Urban lighting can be exploited as a tourist attraction if considered properly. Accordingly the study goal should be inspecting the role of lighting on urban tourism development.

Urban parks are spaces that designed and constructed within urban boundaries and provide health public outdoor recreation for urban residence. These spaces have continued the relation between residences and nature in built area as one of main elements of urban structure. In reality these spaces are important sector of framework and morphology of current cities and they must make pleasant environment and provide other ecological needs and important sector of urban green spaces.With regards to importance of urban parks and green spaces in improvement of urban life, we an academic research is needed for increasing its function in the present urban environment condition.

It is more than a quarter of century that economic development has been discussed as a goal and better value in the western and eastern societies, developed and undeveloped. It is mostly determined based on following believes and requirements: - Economic development is a linear trend, assessable and with an infinite persistence- Fulfilling the development will ensure the social and political development Accepting such theories and pre-requirements and this point that fast development is the only way by which all society’s complications such as housing, nutrition, employment, training encountered in most undeveloped countries will be removed, resulted in ambitious objectives in developing countries. But evaluating the result of first decade of this policy by UN (1960-1970) as well as the social situation of countries which experienced fast development, indicates that there is no reciprocal and direct relation between discussed development and balanced development such that even it has heightened the social inequalities and increased internal conflicts in most developing countries. This indicates that development is not merely an economical event and in order to promote their developmental bases and to remove and reducing the imbalances and most economical, social and cultural problems, most societies need planning and knowing the possibilities and their current and potential resources more than past.

Urban unprecedented and heterogeneous growth is one of the most important problems in post world war II in many developing countries. The consequence of such explosive growth has led to the widespread poverty. Meanwhile the process of city development strategy (CDS) as a theory of content-procedural and as a new approach was organized by Organization of city coalition in 1999 aiming at reducing poverty, promoting sustainable development, good governance and increasing citizen participation. This new approach intends to provide a context to solve the problems which come from the heart of urban society instead of eliminating them. The contemporary cities which are creating one after anther in Iran are in fact rural areas which changed artificially their names to city and not as real transformation to urban life. It is clear that the weakness of their culture show the necessity of cultural precondition.

Ignoring the villages in the process of development plans, particularly in the developing countries caused considerable differences and socio-economic between rural and urban communities. The poverty and deprivation derived from such situation made the rural residents to migrate to other settlements such as towns and cities in order to improve their own social and economic position. This kind of movements which is due to different motivations satisfies the migrant’s in small towns. The impacts of ignoring the villages in the development plans were the lack of services and opportunities as well as the lack of settlement hierarchies for the better distribution of services which led to immense rural migration. In such cases villages with further distance from the urban centers with unsuitable accessibility find their security both socially and economically in migrating to the towns and cities, where they are being considered as a more deprived residents.

The role of government in the economy has always been a matter of argument between the economists.There are many different theories about the government size and its effect on economic growth and development. While some of these theories believe in negative effects of larger governments on economic efficiency and growth, others assume that government plays a significant role in economic development in away that a larger government is like an engine for more powerful economic development. Large government size however, is one of the most important features of less-developed (LDCs) and developing countries around the world, so that in such countries different economic sectors are directly administrated and financed through government budgets and governments of such countries usually have large budget deficits.

Paradigm of sustainable tourism, that is recently recommended as one of the concepts studied in sustainable development and tourism field and is in fact the common point of these two concepts, accepts tourism as a profitable source when concerns human, social, and environmental considerations and is source of income. This research in the field of sustainable tourism tries to investigate tourism status of Shiraz. Current study at first has investigated proportion between tourist and number of residential centers and showed that despite the large number of tourists, in many months of year residential centers act below the standard capacity. In the meantime and according to high level potential of Shiraz in developing tourism industry and large number of tourists that visit this city each year, it has been unable to use this industry as an income source. There are many factors affecting this matter that amang which weakness and failure of residential facilities is an important one.This study attempts to investigate quantitative and qualitative issues of residential centers in Shiraz city.