Sport Management Journal
Year:2019 | Volume:11 | Issue:2 |Papers Count:14

The objective of this research was analysis and modeling the effecting factors and variables on the sports development in state universities of Iran. The Research methodology was type of survey-correlational. The statistical population consisted of all the physical education instructors, administrators and experts in the domain of university sports (governmental sectors). The statistical samples was selected to the number of Can be sufficient for structural equation modeling and to way purposefully and accessible. (n=328). A research tools were including the Library study, Interview (semi-guided) and researcher made questionnaire (112 items). After confirmation of conceptual validity of instruments by 17 university experts, its reliability coefficient (95%), and construct validity was also confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient and fit indicators of modeling. The data were analyzed by Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Friedman (SPSS20) tests; and modeling structural equations (Amos20). The Path analysis indicated that the environmental factors had positive and significant effect to the management of sport development (0. 91), individual factors (0. 77), development resource (0. 62) and sport participation development (0. 07) and to respectively effect Coefficients. Also, the managing sport development factor was positive and significant effect to the sport participation development (0. 95), individual factors (0. 73) and resource development (0. 37) in order effect Coefficients. It seems that in process of development of college sports; the environmental factors has the antecedents and key effector role on process of management of sport development, resource development and individual factors; that the outcome is growing students sport development.

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of sport and sport diplomacy development in advancing sociocultural policies and foreign relations of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Qualitative research methodology was applied. 20 sport experts who had considerable international and management experiences in the field of sport were selected by purposive sampling method and theoretical saturation. Then the required data were obtained using unstructured exploratory interviews. Different coding methods including open, selective and distinctive were used and the data were analyzed and interpreted in terms of the study aims and questions. The results revealed different challenges and weaknesses including lack of clear policies, lack of required knowledge and awareness in this field, and lack of knowledge about potential capacities in sport-culture diplomacy. In the end, some recommendations and measures to realize sport diplomacy goals through hosting international events, participation in international events, dispatching coaches and athletes, national media context, using sport stars and elites, and purposeful membership in international communities were offered.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of workplace discrimination on mental health and job performance among employees of Sport and Youth offices in Kermanshah province. The population of this study consisted of all employees of Sport and Youth offices of Kermanshah province (N=210) and the whole population was selected as the research sample and finally 198 questionnaires were analyzed. To collect data, questionnaires of workplace discrimination by Pascoe and Richman (2009), Backer (2008) mental health and Bobbin and Boles (2004) job performance were used. To analyze data and identify the effects of research variables, structural equation modeling with LISREL software were applied. The results indicated that workplace discrimination had a negative and significant effect on mental health and job performance of employees of Sport and Youth offices of Kermanshah province. With respect to the results of the study, it can be concluded that workplace discrimination can decrease employees’ mental health and job performance. Therefore, it is suggested that the managers of Sport and Youth offices in Kermanshah province should enhance mental health and job performance of their employees by eliminating workplace discrimination.

Sport participation not only has undeniable consequences on human health but also has many positive social consequences. In addition, sport participation can be influenced by social variables. This research studied the effect of social capital and its components (including social security, social trust, social belonging, social interaction, social participation, social support and adherence to social norms) on the sport participation of adolescent boys and girls in Jam city in 2016. According to the stratified multi-stage and cluster sampling methods, 350 boy and girl students studying at the first and second grades of high schools were selected and investigated. The results showed that sport participation for adolescent boys were drastically higher than teenage girls. Results from structural models using LISREL indicated that social capital generally had a significant effect on sport participation both in boys and girls. The results of multiple regression for components of social capital indicated that among the components of social capital, social participation had the greatest positive effect on sport participation of adolescent boys. Social participation and social support variables had the greatest positive effect on sport participation of teenage girls respectively. Therefore, any attempt to increase social capital will lead to more sport participation in adolescents.

The aim of this study was to investigate general decision making styles in sport managers. The statistical population consisted of 237 sport managers from Isfahan province. The sample size was determined based on Krejcie and Morgan table (n=144) by stratified random sampling method. For data collection, Scott and Bruce (1995) questionnaire was used in 25 items and 5 criterions: intuitive style, dependent style, rational style, avoidance style, and spontaneous style. Face, content and construct validity of this questionnaire and also its reliability were approved. For data analysis, exploratory factor analysis, Pearson correlation and Friedman statistical testes and also two methods of multiple objective decision making methods (GTOPSIS and GSAW) were used. Results showed that rational, intuitive, and avoidance styles were dominant in sport managers’ general decision making styles. Dependent and spontaneous styles were less used by these managers. Among sport managers’ general decision making styles, there was a significant and positive relationship between rational and intuitive styles. There was a significant and negative relationship between rational and spontaneous styles and also between intuitive and spontaneous styles.

The aim of study was modeling the organizational and human factors maturity of knowledge management based on business in sport of Iran. This study was conducted with a functionalistic approach using a survey method hence it is non-experimental type. Based on the aim, this study was application in the first stage, evaluation in the second stage and a type of research and development in the third stage. The statistical population included all sport management elites and experts in the general offices of Sport and Youth in Iran. Data were collected by library studies and field method. The Jamipour et al. (2014) standard questionnaire of knowledge management maturity indicators aligned with business strategies was used. Data were analyzed using the SPSS and AMOS software for descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings showed that all four dimensions of people, support and organizational infrastructure, evaluations and processes, and the flow of knowledge management had significant effects on business. According to these results, it can be said that efficient knowledge management allows employees to interact and participate in sport departments, to be in touch and to be up-to-date on the details of their work branch.

A special type of transfer is withdrawal from championship. The main aim of this study was to investigate the effect of sport identity and social support network on withdrawal from professional football and to design an acceptable model in this field. The statistical population included professional football players who did not withdraw from football more than five years. 384 retired football players formed the final sample. Athletic identity, social support and retiring from professional sports questionnaire by Sisk (2003) was used for data collection. Structural equation modeling results indicated that athletic identity had a significant direct relationship with personal problems (standard coefficient=0. 21). But athletic identity showed no significant relationship with psychological, social and professional problems. Structural equation modeling results indicated that social support network had no significant direct relationship with personal problems. However, the social support network had significant relationships with psychological and social problems (standard coefficient=0. 25), as well as with professional problems (standard coefficient=0. 21). In general, in order to reduce personal, professional and psychosocial – social problems of retired football players, two factors of social support network and athletic identity should be considered.

The aim of this study was to identify and investigate those factors influencing customer satisfaction in sport facilities of Mashhad city based on IPA model. The population included all customers of sport facilities in Mashhad city. 396 subjects were selected by convenience sampling method. A researcher-made questionnaire was used for data collection. This questionnaire included 13 factors and 55 items. The results showed that out of 13 factors affecting customer satisfaction, 6 factors among males and 7 factors among females were in the lower priority area, 6 factors among males and 2 factors among females were in the concentrate here area and 1 factor among males and 4 factors among females were in the keep the performance area. Those factors that were in the lower priority area were not threatening for the system operation and did not require immediate reform. Those in the concentrate here area required immediate reform and had high priority in this respect. Finally, those factors in the keep the performance area not only were important to the customers but also satisfied with their performance.

Today internet and sport websites users have increased because of delivering important information about organizations, products, teams, and players. This study aimed at designing a model of those factors influencing sport websites usage. In this correlation study, 258 physical education students of University of Kurdistan were selected by census sampling method. With a review of related literature, a suitable standard questionnaire was used based on the aims of the study. The face and content validity of this questionnaire was confirmed by the experts and its internal consistency was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha. Data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics (structural equation modeling) by Spss20 and Amos22 software. The results showed that the proposed model had a good fit (x2=22. 354, DF=10, GFI=0. 979, AGFI=0. 925, CFI=0. 974, RMSEA=0. 069). Psychological commitment and engagement in sport affect the attitude and decision to use sport websites through perceptions of the technology acceptance model. Therefore, the focus on these variables can increase the use of sport websites.

The role and importance of foreign trade in the development process has always been an issue for economists. Import is one of the key sectors of international trade. Explanatory variables of the study were collected from the Anctat website, the IMF, the World Trade Organization and the World Bank. For data analysis, the Eviews 9 software was used. The results showed a positive and significant relationship between the exchange rate and the price index of imported sporting goods in Iran, and the degree of exchange rate passage on the price index of sporting goods in Iran and commercial partners is incomplete. The results also showed that the fixed currency system had a positive and significant effect on the import price index of sporting goods so that the degree of exchange rate passage on the import price index of sporting goods in the fixed currency system was 0. 43 and the floating exchange system was 0. 41. Also, GDP, final cost of business partners and commercial openness had positive and significant effects on the import price index of sporting goods. The fixed currency regime has increased the degree of exchange rate passage on the import price of sporting goods. Therefore, it is recommended to adopt the floating exchange rate regime to reduce the degree of exchange rate passage.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of aerobic training on occupational stress and burnout among male employees of Islamic Azad University, Qorveh branch. The statistical population consisted of all male employees of the university. 22 employees who expressed their readiness to participate in the study were selected as the sample by purposive sampling method. Subjects were divided into experimental (n=12) and control (n=10) groups after matching on the basis of variables affecting occupational stress and burnout. The design of this study was quasi-experimental with pretest and posttest in an experimental group and a control group. Ouyang Job Stress Questionnaire (2009) and Maslach Job Burnout (2001) were used to collect data. Reliability and validity of these questionnaires were confirmed in previous studies. In order to analyze the data, descriptive and inferential statistics including Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and independent t test were used. The findings showed a significant difference in the changes of occupational stress and burnout between the experimental and control groups (t value=3. 53 and 9. 69 respectively) (P=0. 01). Regarding the effect of aerobic training on the occupational stress and burnout of employees and the very low need for these types of training to special facilities and the simplicity and lack of complexity of these types of training, dean of Islamic Azad University, Qorveh branch as well as other similar organizations are recommended to have aerobic training in their employees' working schedules.