CONTEMAPORAY LITERATURE STUDIES (LITERARY CULTURE QUARTERLY)
Year:2009 | Volume:1 | Issue:3|Papers Count:11

The present article on the ancient science of medicine, studies on one hand the emergence of this science and on the other hand its development and compilation.The article also researches the development of medicine in Islam, Muslim medics and Islamic universities in which this science has been taught.Finally the article discusses the history of medicine after the emergence of Islam in Iran.

The Abbasid Era has been the period of florescence of the Islamic culture and civilization. Literature was of great contention in this era.The present article studies the relationship between translation and literary criticism which resulted in changes in the basic theories of literary criticism by critics.

Nowadays novel is one of the most important patterns of story writing and indeed is an image of real life and the era that it was written in.The present article studies an era of social and political life of Egyptians by studying “In Darkness” as a novel written by Najib Al-Keilani who is an Egyptian contemporaneous author. Najib Al-Keilani wrote this novel when he was in prison in 1957 AD.

“Intertextuality” is one of the figures of speech in order to enrich Arabic literature poetry and prose to make their work eternal.The present article intends to study “Intertextuality” in the poems of Mahmood Darvish (1964-1983) to understand the reasons of resistance of using this figure of speech in his poetry.

Nizar Qabani, a great modern Arab poet, is best known for his poetry on women and politics. However in his political poems there are some conspicuous realistic veins which reflect the special effects of geography, customs, religion, traditions, and thought across the Arab world on Realism as a literary school. The mission of Arabic literature is to reflect the realities of Arab societies, which are partly different from their western counterparts naturally due to their peculiar characteristics.

There are imaginative poets who have a look to nature and get astonished for their beauty and as if are observed for the first time. There are also some poets which are deeply inspired and get deeper insight by important factors of nature like color, sound and dynamism. Dynamism is superior to the others. When poetic images are free of dynamism, they are deprived of beauty thus they are no more enjoyable and eternal.

The primitive Arab People ruled women’s (body) covering as well as chastity, and the poets were honored to praise these qualities in their poems.In the present article reasons of women’s (body) covering are studied.The main reasons to be mentioned are grief and sorrow, fear of captivity in wars, enthusiasm and interests and poverty.

Cosmopolitanism, Romantic Movement, the development and extension of literature through communication devices and advancement of publishing technology were the sources of emergence of comparative literature.The present article studies the attempts of Arab literary men in this field after it was introduced into Arabic literature.

Poets & poetry have always been affected by Social & Natural environment of their times since they have always been considered as a part of the environment in which they existed.Poets have been the speakers of their tribes and thus have had the status of the head of the tribe during the darkness era.

The present article is an attempt to study the appearance of asceticism and its development to mysticism ofter coming islamic religion. There are a lot of different views about the priority of asceticism to Sufism or the priority of Sufism to asceticism.The historical guidances prove that this evolution is accomplished from fear of God and his hell in to asceticism and abandonment of the life and then into mysticism and gnosticism ending to fall in love with God.