DIDACTIC LITERATURE REVIEW (PERSIAN LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE REVIEW)
Year:2010 | Volume:2 | Issue:5|Papers Count:10

Fire is one of the astonishing phenomenon of universe with many characteristics such as giving life, giving death, enthusuiziam, giving warm, making clear guidance movement towards lover and etc… it has always have been attracted the attention of literary men and mysticisms. Mollana has also used these meanings in his literary works to explain his thoughts, especially the unity of existence. He has used the word fire and its contents frequently. By using this symbol he has created the most beautiful allegory and explanations in his work to show the relationship between creator and creation. Similar concepts like delight and pleasure have considered fire. The things that considered guidance in Quran and the things regarded love according to Mollana and Gnostics is likened to light and fire. Fire exists in mysticism as love and always there is a relationship between love and fire. In Mollana's thoughts the meanings like fair fire, jealousy fire, divine wrath fire, prophet fires (Abraham and Juses) Mortification fire and problem of meditations, negligence fire, fear of Allah fire, poverty fire, separation fire, fire of speech, love fire, sadness fire, disease fire, soul fire, passion fire, greed fire, flattery fire, sin fire, stinginess fire, bad omen fire, catastrophe fire, lament fire, hell fire, Satan fire, torture fire, and etc … have been used. Love fire with 120 frequencies is the highest one in Mollana's speeches. The present article aims to investigate this meaning from Mollana's perspective.

To Mention and remember Allah play an important role in the evolution of spirituality in human beings and it is considered to be one of the most important Islamic worship. That is why the Holy Qur'an includes many verses about it. Allah in Holy Qur'an wants the believers always to remember and mention Him. He also remind them the consequences of disobedience of this order and warn them against it. The positions of mentioning Allah in Islamic mysticism were under the influence of Qur'an verses as well as many Hadiths which describes the value of this action. Mystics and great Sufism by understanding the high position and importance of mentioning Allah always in their speeches or in their prose and verses, ask followers to do it. By referring to Qur'an verses, they remind their followers the importance of this worship.

independence is one of the behaviour and evolution stages that ascetic who search the way of God, by achieving it feels a kind of independence from everything except God in his/her essence and always know him/herself to need The almighty God.destitution is also among the mystic stages and accounted as one of the highest degrees of behaviour and evolution. Ascetic at this stage reaches to annihilation in the way of God, and this is an extreme stage for saints and mystics. Destitution is the need a creature to God and his/her independence from everything’s except God. In this article we try to define and make clear the cocept of independence and destitution and then invetigate these two issues in Masnavi of Molana.

Proverbs in the Persian literature have a sublime position in the Persian literature. The historical and scientific value of proverbs is not less than inscription and stone written documents. In the social life of all people from the commons to educated, proverbs play an important role. A short proverb is enough to convey a long speech, an argument or a philosophy. The history of proverbs in Arabic language back to barbarism and in the Persian literature a clear evidence can't be found. The similarity of Meanings and concepts in the Arabic and Persian language are numerous. These similarity is mostly meaningfully and in some part semantically. The aim of this article is to investigate the proverbs from semantic, pragmatic, and idiomatic perspective both in the Persian and Arabic in order to find the similarity between proverbs in these languages. Finally the history of proverbs in both languages as well as the history of gathering Arabic proverbs has been examined.

Rudaki, the great Iranian poet, at the beginning of the fourth century A.H. He was very skillful in different poetic genres, espicially elegy and lyrics.The influence of Rudaki on Persian poets in his period and after that is known to everyone. His mastery and skill in composing poems and the number of them resulted in to call him the father of Dari Persian poetry. He is the perfect representative of Persian Poems in Samani period. One of his skills is using imagination and similie and metaphor in his poetry.The images he used in his poems, unlike other khorasani style poets, are alive and active.Among different images, Rudaki liked similie abov all. By studying his poems, it is clear that most of his similies are from sensational to sensational and logical to sensational kind in which there are different Kinds of implied similie, comparative similie and etc. This study aims to discuss about the importance of similie and different Kinds of it in Rudaki`s poems.It is hoped that it will be useful for all dear friends.

In the repertoir of mystic literature of Iran, we read about some conceptual discourses like science and knowledge repeatedly, therefore, we can study mystical definitions and attitudes toward them. In this brief article we neglect some definitions and divisions of sciences and then give some examples about present mystical opinions. Moreover the differentiations and some contradictions between mystical knowledge and others knowledge is given to illustrate domains of two contemplations.

Seyfodin Mohammad is considered to be on of the political and social poet in Mongol period.Since he is a poet and learned person, and away from courtier and materials belongings, he had investigated and criticized not only ethical- social abnormalites in the society but also political issues,Moreover,by harsh and biting tune and boldness and bravery which is appreciatable, He carefully examined the behavior of all elasses of people from governer to dervish. In this paper, different dimensions of social criticism of Farghani has been investigated.

Making predications and telling about mysterious event is a common practice in mythology and epic literature of the world. Shahname as on epic contains infinite variety of secret believes, feelings, wishes, and thoughts of human beings.Among positive and negative predictions in Shahname, Astronomy plays an important role in forming the events. The predictions based on stars in Shahnamen are described in full details and the heros of this book always try to predict the behavours of others. Ferdousi as an epic poet in his masterpiece, Shahname, makes use of prediction in some sections of his book to develop the stories. The present article investigates the effect of stars on predictions of stories in Shahname. It also anlase the deep stracture of these predictions.Finally, this article in written in descriptive analysis form by referring to various sources.