FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING
Year:2011 | Volume:3 | Issue:10|Papers Count:8

In this research, the effects of discretionary and non- discretionary accrual items (the differences between accounting income and operating cash flows) on anticipating future operating cash flows has been studied. The aim of this research is to determine whether discretionary and non-discretionary accrual items have any significant role in future operating cash flows anticipation. Thus, 69 companies during 1380 to 1388 been investigated.Chosen approach to test hypotheses has been set periodically. The method of mean comparison of independent statistical samples has been used in this research. Discretionary and non- discretionary accrual items were separated.The results show that the variables of discretionary and non-discretionary accrual items have not any ability in anticipating future cash flows.

Provide of accounting information and reliable financial reporting is main needs of current developing world. To be sure of this item, there is need for solutions like proper guidance regularity in firms and economical units. Audit committee is one of the main pillars of firms' guidance regularity which allows improvement and health of financial reporting and develops the independence of independent accountants. Most researches have used Jensen's hypothesis 1986 to examine the relationship between earning management and free cash flows.In this research, we study the effect of free cash flow on earning management and the role of audit committee, during 1380-1388 period. Using data of 69sample firms thought-student tests and regression multi-variable model we conducted this study.Results of this research show a positive and direct relationship between earning management and free cash flow.Also we found that, firms which have audit committee will have better earning management than other firms.Also we studied relationship between audit committee, free cash flows and control-variables and did not find a positive relationship between audit committee and cash flows with earning management. But this study revealed direct and positive relationship between firm size, total accrual items and free cash flows.

Capital structure is one of the important companies’ decisions that have impact on corporate value.The aim of this research is to examine the relationship between debt policies (Short–term; long–term and total of debt) and company performance of the listed companies in the Tehran Stock Exchange.In this research, the regression model is applied to test association between performance indexes and debt ratios.The result of the research shows that increasing in short–term and long–term and total debt cause decreasing in corporate performance. Therefore, companies which acquire assets by financing through debts without considering company size and other factors would not achieved their aims which, is increasing corporate value.

Intellectual capital is an expression for incorporating of market intangible assets, Intellectual capital, human assets and infrastructure assets that they enrich organizations for doing their activities. The main purpose of this article, Survey the effect of corporate governance mechanisms on efficiency of intellectual capital components of accepted company in Tehran Stock Exchange. We use a sample of 66 corporate for the years between 1384-1388. The results show that corporate governance mechanisms i.e.institutional ownership, managerial ownership, family ownership, ownership concentration, percent of non-bounded member and the uniformity of management and head of directors have not any effect on efficiency of Intellectual capital. Furthermore, more survey on industries level shows that there is a significant relationship between the type of industry and the efficiency of Intellectual capital components.

In this paper we investigate the comparison of between Residual Income Model and Linear Information Model in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). The research covers the period 2000 – 2004. This research is based on Ohlson (1995), Ohlson (1999), and Barth et al (1999). In this paper the multiples linear regression and the cross-sectional and pool data analysis is used. The study addresses the three questions; (1) whether the Linear Information Model based on accruals is better than the Residual Income Model? (2) Whether the Linear Information Model based on operating cash flows is better than the Residual Income Model? (3) Whether the Linear Information Model based on operating cash flows is better than the Linear Information Model based on accruals? The results indicated that the Linear Information Model based on operating cash flows has more explanatory than the Residual Income Model and the Linear Information Model based on accruals. Also, the explanatory power of the Linear Information Model based on accruals i s the same as the Residual Income Model.

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship of some of the ethical factors such as ethical ideologies, professional commitment, and personal benefit with conservatism of the listed companies in the Tehran Stock Exchange. In this research, Givoly et al. (2007) model is applied to measure the conservatism over period of 2003-2009. To determine the ethical orientation, Forsyth's ethical position questionnaire (1980), is used. In order to collect data concerning the professional commitment and the personal benefit, because of high validity and reliability of Clikeman & Henning's standard questionnaire (2000) is used. Research sample includes 115 listed companies in TSE over period 2003-2009.Results of testing the hypotheses show that the relationship between personal benefit and conservatism is positive and significant. Other variables don’t have any significant relation with the conservatism. Results also show that about 27% from conservatism variation in investigated companies has been affected by ethical factors, and basis on Vector Autoregressive Estimates (VAR) model, ethical factors with 2 time lags in dependent variable have the explanatory power (35%) on variation of magnitude conservatism, too. It should be mentioned that personal benefit variable has the highest explanatory power (21%) on conservatism among other variables.

The main purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of inflation on capital erosion of firms under study. The population of this study consists of companies listed in Tehran stock exchange for the period of 1383 to 1385.To test the research hypotheses, sample companies were divided in two groups of work-intensive (42 companies) and capital-intensive companies (45 companies). Also, some of them were recognized as high work-intensive and some others were recognized as high capital-intensive companies. However, the income statement of the sample companies was adjusted by Davidson model and general consumer price index.Statistics tests of Kolmogrov-Smirnov and comparison of the average of two statistical showed that the distribution of data was not normal. Therefore, paired sample-sign test (non parametric statistic) was applied to test the hypotheses.The results revealed that there is a significant difference between reported income and adjusted income in both levels of capital-intensive group and all companies, but no significant difference between reported income and adjusted income in work-intensive companies group. According to the findings, the affect of inflation on gradual capital erosion of capital-intensive companies is more than work–intensive companies; Therefore, The main hypothesis of this research is confirmed.

Audit fees in relation to the agency problems can charge in companies with excess Free Cash Flow (FCF). This Research tests, several hypotheses about how the relation between FCF and company growth opportunities causes higher Audit Fees. In This study we try to find any direct and positive relation between Free Cash Flow and Audit fees. Variables which are used in this study are: Free cash flow, debt and dividends.The population is 430 companies listed in Tehran stock exchange. We selected 300 companies from the population for a period of 1382-1387.For literature review purpose we conducted a survey library method. For testing hypotheses we use the data from financial statements, Rahavard Novin, TadbirPardaz, Sahra soft wares, Bourse library and Tehran Bourse archives.Pearson coefficient of correlation and regression model are also used.The present study consists of three hypotheses, the results suggest that firms with high Free Cash Flow (FCF) bear, higher audit fees and firm high (FCF), levels of debt, dividends also bear, higher audit fees.