FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING
Year:2019 | Volume:11 | Issue:42 |Papers Count:6

This study analyses the effect of traditional and percent accruals strategies on excess and risk adjusted returns. In this analysis, the characteristics of investment firms were controlled. For this purpose, we collect quarterly data of 33 investment firms listed in Tehran Stock Exchange for the years 2011-2018. The hypotheses were tested using linear regression analysis. We find that traditional accruals strategy has a significant positive effect on excess return. But there is not a significant relationship between traditional accruals strategy and risk adjusted return. Moreover the results show that the percent accruals strategy has a significant positive effect on excess and risk adjusted returns.

The goal of this research is to explore managers’ approaches, viewpoints and some other psychological factors on sustainability reporting regarding to theory of planned behavior (TPB). Thus the research includes top and middle managers of listed and non listed companies of Iran stock exchange. Data was analyzed by partial linear squares (PLS). Findings show that subjective norms which are derived from managers’ normative and control beliefs which lead to their behavioral control affect on sustainability reporting of managers’ intentions. But their approaches and viewpoints do not affect from behavioral beliefs. Moreover, managers’ sustainability reporting behavior is explained by their intentions toward sustainability reporting. Besides, results indicate that gender and education level do not affect on managers’ behavioral, normative and control beliefs but religious awareness and board of directors independency affect on managers’ normative and control beliefs, whereas the mentioned factors do not affect on managers’ behavioral beliefs. So, results show that managers’ psychological factors determine and explain their sustainability reporting behavior. Firms’ lawmakers, experts and stakeholders could consider their policy and theory making through this context according to the results which show that managers do not believe in firms’ sustainability reporting usefulness and benefit.

Anomaly is deviation from common rules and in finance it can be defined as a pattern in the average of stock return that is not consistent with the prevailing asset pricing models literature. For anomaly investigation two common methods are used: portfolio approach and individual firm approach. This paper wants to shed light on anomalies of capital asset pricing model at the individual firm level. This approach is used because of portfolio approach deficiencies. The sample consists of 1150 firm – year observations in Tehran stock exchange in the period of 1387-1396. Bayesian approach and standard Markov chain Monte Carlo have been used to test hypothesis. The results show that the variables which consist of size, book value to market value, momentum, profitability, asset growth, working capital accrual items, financial distress, investments, net stock issuance and external financing cannot be interpreted as anomaly when the test is at the individual firm level.

The present study investigates whether the basic assumption in the Jones model, which normal accruals are a linear function of change in sales, is empirically valid. It also discusses and addresses the implications of the assumption violation in the earnings management detection tests. The research employs a sample of 2832 observations of the annual information of firms listed in Tehran Stock Exchange and Iran Fara Bource for the period of 2002 to 2017. The findings suggest that normal accruals follow a piecewise linear function with respect to sales changes. The results also suggest that the Jones model generates predictable systematic measurement error, which is consistent with its failure in capturing the accruals nonlinear behavior. The results of a Monte Carlo simulation of the type I error show that the level of abnormal accruals are understated for extreme sales growth and overstated for medium sales growth. The research highlights the importance of controlling the asymmetric behavior of normal accruals, especially in studies where earnings management incentives are correlated with sales growth.

According to the importance and the increasing trend of idiosyncratic volatility in recent years, the study of factors affecting idiosyncratic volatility is one of the important issues in financial markets. So, the purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between lifecycle and idiosyncratic volatility with emphasis on fundamental and information uncertainty. In this regard, 152 companies were evaluated for the period 2008-2016. Statistical method for hypothesis testing is multiple regression based on the panel data. Findings show that lifecycle has significant impact on the idiosyncratic volatility of firms. The results also show that fundamental uncertainty, as a moderator variable, has no significant impact on the relationship between the lifecycle and the idiosyncratic volatility but, information Uncertainty has significant impact on this relationship. Idiosyncratic volatility during introduction and decline is more than idiosyncratic volatility during growth and maturity. In addition, fundamental uncertainty has no significant impact on the relationship between the lifecycle and the idiosyncratic volatility but, information Uncertainty has significant impact on this relationship.

Business strategy exerts a considerable impact on complexities, risk and corporate environmental uncertainties as well as the way of providing financial reporting. On this line of argument, therefore, the present study seeks to scrutinize the effect of business strategy on corporate financial reporting readability. In doing so, Fog and Fletch indices are employed to measure financial reporting readability, and the composite scoring system developed by Ittner et al (1997) is also used to determine the corporate business strategy type. The research hypotheses are built on a sample of 84 firms listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 2013-2017 and then tested using multivariate regression model based on panel data. The findings reveal that firms with aggressive strategies provide less readable financial reporting in comparison with their defensive counterparts. Additionally, the results of analyzing sensitive testing suggest that use of alternative proxies for measurement of financial reporting readability and business strategy does not affect the main results of the study, thereby confirming the robustness of the results.