FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING
Year:2018 | Volume:10 | Issue:39 |Papers Count:10

According to signaling theory, firms reduce information asymmetry through dividend payments. So, dividend increase followed by positive market reaction. Empirical documents show that firms with higher information asymmetry tend to have lower dividend. Given recent conflicts, this paper is aimed to investigate information asymmetry effect on market reaction relative to dividend increase. In addition, potential reasons for market reaction to dividend increase implying its information content about firms¢ risk reduction are examined. The effect of information asymmetry on return drift (long term abnormal return) also is considered. For this aim, a sample composed of 184 listed firms in Tehran Stock Exchange is examined for 1385 to 1395. Panel data regression analysis is used to test above mentioned relations. The results show that dividend increase for firms with high information asymmetry result in positive abnormal return. Firms which their idiosyncratic risk (proxy of information asymmetry) decreases after dividend increasing, experience positive abnormal return. Positive drift of return after dividend increase was clear for firms which have higher information asymmetry.

The purpose of this study is to identify and assess the challenges of the merger and acquisition process and effective strategies for implementing this process in domestic companies. The present study environment is the directors and financial experts of the companies and companies integrated in Iran. The present research is objective, fundamental and in terms of type, descriptive-exploratory. To analyze the qualitative data obtained from the interviews, the theme analysis technique was used. According to the results of the theme analysis technique, the barriers of the merger and acquisition process include managerial, cultural, organizational, strategic, legal, and legal challenges. The strategies for implementing mergers and acquisitions are identified in three phases of pre-merger strategies, strategies for mergers and acquisitions, and strategies after mergers and acquisitions. Also, the implications and outcomes of implementing strategies and strategies for mergers and acquisitions in companies include such things as financial efficiency, strategic efficiency, trade facilitation and organizational efficiency. In addition to identifying the challenges and strategies that affect the mergers and acquisitions of companies, a quantitative evaluation of the identified models and factors is also considered. Based on the results of confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling through the LISREL software, the dimensions And identified categories are able to measure and measure the barriers and strategies that affect mergers and acquisitions of companies.

The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between firm performance and CEO turnover with the moderating role of CEO's influence in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. In order to achieve this goal, 178 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange during the period from 2008 to 2016 were selected by systematic elimination sampling method and a total of 1602 firm-years were considered for analysis. In this regard, two hypotheses were developed and tested in the two models of return on assets and stock returns, as the representative of the firm's performance. Logistic regression was used to test the research hypotheses. The results of the research showed that both models indicate a negative and significant relationship between the firm performance and CEO turnover. Also, the results of the study about the effect of CEO influence on the relationship between firm performance and CEO turnover indicate that CEO's influence on the relationship between firm performance and CEO turnover does not have a significant effect

Undrestanding the quality of profits for users of accounting information is very important because of performance appraisal, profitability forecasting, and the determination of corporate value. The purpose of this study is to examine the accuracy of forecasting earnings management using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and cluster Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithms and compare it with linear models (LR). For this purpose, 28 variabels that affect the management of earnings in four groups (Financial, Managerial, Corporate and Auditing) have been accepted in 124 companies during the years 2010 to 2016 and were used Tehran Stock Exchange. The overall results of this study shows that artificial neural network and ant colony optimization algorithm in predicting profit management is more accurate than linear method with less error rate. Also, the accuracy of artificial neural network composition and ant colony algorithm(A-ANN), suggests the superiority of this pattern compared to artificial neural network method. The results of the combination of artificial neural network-ant colony optimization algorithm with correlation coefficient (0/878) shows that this model has the ability to predict management with 97 percent accurancy with six predictive variables, accurancy of forecasting, sharehlding of maior shareholders, profitability, fluctuations in profit, company’ s age and size.

The corporate social responsibility relates to the relationship between companies and society, and specifically this concept examines the impact of corporate activities on individuals and society. Apart from the concept of social responsibility, many also question the motivations of companies in their social responsibility programs and activities. Others believe that corporate incentives for social responsibility activities may be political, and in this way they will have to lobby with some local and regional authorities to gain concessions in pursuit of economic goals. In this research, for the first time, a new method of assessing the economic, moral and legal dimensions of social responsibility has been used. For the purpose of quantifying each responsibility (legal, economic, and ethical dimension). In order to achieve the research objectives, 166 companies were selected during the period of 1395-1389 using systematic knockout method and the research hypotheses were tested using linear regression. In this research, for the first time, a new method of assessing the economic, moral and legal dimensions of social responsibility has been used. For the purpose of quantifying each responsibility (legal, economic, and ethical dimension), several variables are considered and a combination of index Geo et al for combination of variables. The results of the research indicate that there is no relationship between ownership concentration with economic and ethical dimensions and as well as the relation between the independence of board members with legal and economic dimensions of social responsibility. while the results show a significant positive relationship between the independence of the members of the board With the ethical dimension and ownership concentration with the legal dimension of social responsibility.

This research investigates the effects of psychological distance on judgment and decision making in accounting. Construal level theory (CLT) of psychological distance, a framework recently developed in the field of social psychology, constitutes the theoretical foundation for this study. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of construal mindset orientation on auditors’ probability assessment. Therefore, this Study applies CLT to the audit context by investigating whether the performance of common auditing tasks that require varying degrees of abstract thinking affect decision-makers’ overall mindset and hence their subsequent judgment. The statistical population of the research is the corporates auditors and the domain of the time of research is 1396. In this research, a questionnaire was used to collect information. To analyze the data and test the first hypothesis, independent t-test was used and for testing the second hypothesis, variance analysis and linear regression analysis were used. Results indicate that auditors, who have adopted an abstract mindset orientation as a result of an unrelated preceding audit task, provide lower probability assessments than their counterparts who have adopted a concrete mindset orientation. Overall, the results of this study indicate that psychological distance systematically affects individuals’ judgment.