SOCIOLOGICAL STUDIES OF YOUTH (JAME SHENASI MOTALEATE JAVANAN)
Year:2015 | Volume:5 | Issue:16|Papers Count:8

Based on the data provided by the cultural authorities in the past 20 years, about 40 million audiences of cinema in Iran have been fallen. In other words, Iranians, on average, are spending only 15 minutes in a year at cinemas. The main objective of this study was to investigate this fact; hence Bourdieu's theory was utilized to study the effects of social, cultural and economic capitals on cinematic consumption. Method of this study was survey and data collected by questionnaire. The sample included 400 young girls and boys of Sari. The findings of this study indicated that the effect of the three variables of social capital, cultural capital and economic capital on the dependent variable (consumption of cinema) was positive. So, this means that by increasing the social, cultural and economic capitals, consumption of cinema would be increased.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the students' attitudes towards cultural activities and institutions in the university to improve it. This study was based on a survey method along with self-assessment questionnaire and stratified random sampling among 350 university students in the first semester of the academic year 1392-1391. For the validity and reliability of the questionnaire, face validity and Cronbach's alpha coefficient were used. The authors used Pearson correlation and ANOVA tests to analyze the data too. The results indicated that the mean score of students' knowledge towards the cultural activities and institutions was about 2.3, their interest rate 2.7 and its participation rate 2.3. Analytical results of the survey showed that there was a meaningful relationship between the knowledge of the students towards cultural activities and institutions and their interest towards participation in cultural activities and institutions. Also, there was a correlational relationship between students' interest rate and their participation in cultural activities and institutions.

Communication and modern information technologies have created many changes in the recent societies and have influenced different parts of social life too. Based on the existing statistics, most use of the Internet belongs to the youth who use the Internet for their scientific and research aims. Studies on the effects of using the Internet by young people can help identify some outcomes of this technology. For this reason, the authors tried to investigate the effect of Internet upon the social capital of the youth. In this research, Information collected by using survey method and multi-stage cluster sampling of 390 of the youth from the city of Ghaemshahr. The results showed average social capital (trust and social networks) among Internet users, higher than non-users and hence Internet plays a complementary role of social capital. The results showed that there was a significant negative relationship between income and the amount of social capital. Also, the family income was the most effective (negative) in the explanation of social capital. Among all the variables in the path analysis model, the variable of family income had maximum effect (positive) on social capital.

This paper examines the obstacles of marriage and analyzes the tendency towards marriage in Hamedan Province. This paper uses survey data required a sample of 400 young individuals by using a multistage cluster sampling and stratified random sampling. The main obstacles of marriage in this study in terms of priority, were cultural obstacles with an average rank (4.94), social obstacles with an average rank (3.60), economic obstacles with an average rank (2.23), governance obstacles with an average rank (2.20) and individual obstacles with an average rank (2.02). It can be found that the average age of favored marriage was 19.24 in females and 26.63 in males. From the viewpoint of the young men and women, the most important criterion for marriage was mutual understanding with partner and the least important one related to the level of education and age difference. It can be resulted most of the youth in this study tend to marry but tendency of marriage in women was higher than men.

Moral deviation and delinquency in the youth life do not appear in one form and have different and diverse meanings and concepts. Not only criminal or guilty youth are the ones who propel the society to continuous thinking and planning and trying for their readjustment to the society, but also there are many youths who have not done any guilt but are exposed to the danger of moral deviation. Supporting of these youths and preventing from their fall are considered. In this investigation it was tried to investigate the effect of consequence of making ashamed in parents and children’s relationships and its preventing role in appearing of the deviational behaviors of youths. For this purpose, the ideas of Braithwaite and Hirshi have been used about the social connection. The sense of belonging and dependency to the family and/ or parents is one of the most important elements in Hirshi’s theory of social connection, in his opinion, if a person has a high level of belonging to parents and/or the norms have been well inner in the person, in relationship with especial others, the sense of shame would be made and this sense of shame will prevent the person from doing of the guilt. The statistical population of this research was 13-19 years girl and boy youths of Babol city which has been investigated by the method of systematic random sampling of 400 samples by using of questionnaire. For analysis of the data, Pearson correlation coefficient, T-test and multivariate regression were used. Finally, the results of the research show a meaningful and reverse relationship between the embarrassing.

Political participation is one of the evidences of persons' presence for determining their fate. So, by developing more democracy in the world, noticing to the different aspects of people involvement in the political scene will be highlighted. Political participation is one of the essential prerequisites for the development and progress. In this regard, women as a significant part of the population of each country always suffered from unfair distribution of opportunities and resources. In this study, the researchers tried to answer this question; to what extent did the women politically participate in the Islamic Republic of Iran? The results showed that political participation of the women has increased over Pahlavi Period but there is always a gap to take advantage of women's ability for participation in the political affairs.

Nowadays, professors of different universities around the world with different majors need to learn English for their academic advancement and research promotion. This requires that they have positive attitudes towards English language learning. In this regard, the role of social factors can be useful. Hence, this study was an endeavor to examine the social factors influencing non-English major professors' attitudes towards English as an academic language. To this end, a questionnaire was used as a research instrument. It was administered to 100 non-English major professors of Islamic Azad University Babol Branch, Babol, Iran. The findings revealed that there was a meaningful relationship between social factors and non-English major professors' attitudes towards English language learning. In this regard, about 44.7 percent of attitudes changes related to the independent variable and the variables of the level of English language proficiency and parents and friends' encouragement are more meaningful than other variables with the probability 99 percent. Also, the role of English language proficiency is more prominent than other variables. Finally, on the basis of the findings, the study recommended that the university policy should stipulated that English should be strictly used as a language of learning and teaching with the aim of helping teachers because they need English for their academic improvement.

The main objective of this study was to investigate modernism and relative deprivation in girls` tendency in the use of cosmetics. Today, among the range of young girls we have seen excessive use of cosmetics and this requirement could make industry to become more sustainable. Existing theoretical literature and previous research claim to influence modern appliances as a social pattern that has affected young people. This study was conducted to survey data collected through questionnaires. The population was all female students in Islamic Azad University of Tehran Medical Branch. The population was 800 subjects and 400 of them were selected randomly. The results indicate that there is a significant relationship between the relative deprivation of the use of cosmetics (r=0.375) and the modernism with the use of cosmetics (r=0.53. There is a meaningful relationship between the modernists and the girls tend to use the cosmetics too. Structural equation modeling results indicated that RMSEA index was 0.058 proportion of Chi-square to the degrees of freedom (CMIN/DF) was 2.31, CFI was 0.90 and PCFI index was 0.82. Also the PNFI index in this study was 0.67 that indicated the value was acceptable.