Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
Year:2017 | Volume:19 | Issue:7|Papers Count:5

Background: Different BCR-ABL fusion transcripts occur more or less frequently, in three different types of leukemia.Objectives: This study was done to determine the frequencies of BCR-ABL fusion transcripts in leukemia patients from Iran.Methods: This experimental study was carried out from 2001 to 2015 in Pasteur Institute of Iran. The leukemia patients containing 348 chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), 72 acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and 34 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) were studied. Total RNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples and analyzed by multiplex RT-PCR in 486 leukemia patients to detect different types of BCR-ABL transcripts. Fisher’s exact test was used in comparing qualitative variables in the case control study. Associations with a P value<0.05 were considered significant.Results: The BCR-ABL transcript frequencies for CML, ALL and AML patients were 92.0%, 12.5% and14.7% respectively for all transcripts.The majority of CML patients with positive BCR-ABL expressed one of the p210BCR-ABL transcripts (86.6%) while the remaining showed other transcripts (p190BCR-ABL 25 (7.8%)) and p230BCR-ABL 2 (0.6%)). The rate of co-expression of the p190/p210 transcripts were 16 (5%).In other types of leukemia patients the rates of expression of those transcripts were different.Conclusions: For the first time, we reported co-expression of p210/p190 which may be caused by alternative splicing in Iranian patients. This study we showed no significant correlation betweenBCR-ABL1 variants, age, sex type, and WBC count of studied leukemia patients.

Background: Since gold nanoparticle (AuNP) has shown anti-oxidant activity, this study was designed to assess the effect of AuNP on the liver toxicity induced by Carbon -Tetrachloride (CCl4) in rats.Methods: A total of 36 Wistar-albino male rats, weighing 200 - 250 g, were randomly split into three groups (control, CCl4 and CCl4+ AuNP; n=12) after 5 days of accommodation. Groups CCl4 and CCl4+AuNP as experimental were injected with CCl4 (1 mlL/kg b.w) for a period of 42 days intraperitonealy (ip), while control (c) group received saline intraperitonealy. On the seventh week of the study, group CCl4+AuNP received additional AuNP and saline suspension for a period of three days. Finally, blood samples were collected from their cervical vessels. Liver enzymes activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and malondialdeide (MDA) were measured in serum. Prepared sections of liver specimens were stained with H and E and PAS methods for histological studies. The data was analyzed by SPSS v.17; applying one -way ANOVA, Tukey as well as nonparametric tests.Results: Results showed that aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in groups CCl4 and CCl4+AuNP significantly increased compared to group control, but MDA and SOD values decreased compared to group control. Liver enzymes values did not show any differences in Group CCl4 and CCl4+AuNP but MDA and SOD values in group CCl4+AuNP decreased and increased respectively in comparison to group CCl4. Histological evaluation showed fatty metamorphosis and micro nodular cirrhotic changes in CCl4 group but gold nanoparticles did not show a remarkable protective effect.Conclusions: AuNP administration affected MDA and SOD in hepatotoxicity induced by CCl4 in male rats but did not improve liver enzymes damage.

Background: As there is an established relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric and duodenal ulcers, there might also be a relationship between this infection and other pathologies of gastrointestinal system.Objectives: Thus in this study we decided to investigate the relationship between H. pylori infection and cholecystitis.Methods: In this case-control study, patients were divided into two groups: case group with cholecystitis or cholelithiasis and controls with normal gallbladder. In both groups, after removal of the gallbladder, the samples were sent to the pathology laboratory for further evaluation. The presence of H. pylori gene in gallbladder tissue was determined by PCR (Polymerase chain reaction), and the results were compared between the groups.Results: A total of 84 studied patients with mean age of 45.191.78, 27 were male (32.1%) and 57 were female (67.9%). Results showed that among the studied variables, only height (P value=0.002) and BMI (P value=0.001) were significantly different between the two groups.Conclusions: Although correlation between the prevalence of bacteria in gallbladder with the incidence of gallstones is a controversial issue, but studies suggested that higher prevalence of H. pylori in patients with cholecystitis caused by gallstones can be a stimulating factor for the formation of gallstones.

Background: Myocardium will expose to excessive ischemia and reperfusion during post-cardiac surgery, hence the aim of this study was to investigate the cardio protective effect of sequential partial aortic side biting technique for proximal veno-aortic anastomosis constructions in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).Methods: In this randomized clinical trial study, 60 consecutive patients who were diagnosed to suffering from triple vessel coronary artery diseases were selected. CABG patients were assigned randomly into two groups; the first group received sooner and gradual myocardial reperfusion one-by-one top end venous anastomosis to the aorta (sequential aortic side biting technique) (n= 30) and the second group undergo proximal anastomoses constructed during a single period of aortic side biting (single aortic side biting technique) (n=30). The serum levels of myocardial damage biomarkers including creatine phosphokinase-MB (CPK-MB), Troponin I, glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and catalase (CAT) were measured preoperatively, postoperatively and 24 h after operation. Independent t- tests was used to compare results between groups.Results: The level of all myocardial biomarkers increased after the operation. Those in study group had significantly lower levels of troponin I (P<0.001), CPK-MB (P=0.001), GPX (P=0.007), SOD (P=0.005), and CAT (P=0.015), 24h after the operation when compared to control group. Only the serum level of CPK-MB was significantly lower in study group after the operation (P=0.029) while the other markers were comparable.Conclusions: Sequential partial occluding aortic side biting technique associated with less myocardial damage and ischemia reperfusion injury compared to conventional single method in patients undergoing elective coronary grafting.

Background: Tuberculosis is one of the major public health concerns in many countries, however the available and effective treatment is known. Tuberculosis typically determined with socio-economic problems such as war, malnutrition and HIV prevalence. In Iran, many progresses are carried to control tuberculosis but, different factors such as immigration from neighboring countries are affective to tuberculosis infection.Objectives: In this paper, the incidence and prevalence of tuberculosis is evaluated in different regions of Iran and neighboring countries.Methods: The data are collected from different and valid sources such as Scopus, Pubmed and also many reports from world health organization (WHO) and center of disease control and prevention (CDC) for a period of 25 years (1990 - 2015) evaluated for Iran and neighboring countries.Results: This study as a descriptive- analytical research is conducted cross- sectional among Iran and neighboring countries since 1990. The information is obtained from exact and valid informative data from web of sciences. The east and west border countries of Iran which are faced with war and immigration in Afghanistan, Pakistan and Iraq are source of tuberculosis infection that effect on tuberculosis prevalence in Iran. The data were analyzed by SPSS 22 and Excel 2013.Conclusions: The incidence of tuberculosis in Iran hasbeendecreased because of many controlling actions such as BCG vaccination, electronic reporting system for tuberculosis and free access to tuberculosis medication. Some of Iran neighboring countries such as Tajikistan and Pakistan have the highest incidence of tuberculosis which known as a challenge for tuberculosis control in Iran while Saudi Arabia and Turkey have the lowest incidence.