JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH
Year:2009 | Volume:4 | Issue:2|Papers Count:9

There is a little published information on pattern of Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) pollution on marine protected areas. 36 sacrificial sediment samples were collected from four stations in Siah-Kashim Lagoon on a temperate season (autumn). The samples were frozen and transported to laboratory and kept in -35 freezer till analysis. 16 Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) priority PAHs were extracted, cleaned up and quantified by fluorescence detector in a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) apparatus. An aliquot of the samples were also treated for total organic matter (TOC) determination. The results showed that within low level of pollution with respect to PAHs in the studied area, the concentration (i.e. availability and environmental toxicity) of PAHs in Siahkashim Lagoon is governed first by their water solubility and then their Octanol-Water partition coefficient (Kow).

Today, the use of fish protein concentrate (FPC) for enrichment of bread has been attracted the attention of many of nutritionist. In this research, the effect of enrichment of brotchen bread by 2/5, 5, 7 and 10 percent of FPC was studied. According to the organoleptic test, the samples, which contained 5 to 7 % FPC, were accepted. The chemical tests on the reference sample showed that it contained 11/43% protein, 1/13% fat, 29/69% moisture and 2/014 % ash. The protein , fat , moisture and ash enriched samples by 5 and 7 percent of FPC increased by 15/36%, 1/14%, 34/27%, 2/22% and 17%, 1/15%, 36/25%, 2/425 respectively . On the other hand the results of farinograph test has shown that the absorption of moisture for dough contained 5 to 7 percent of FPC increased by 1-2%. The shelflife of the enriched samples was determined to be 48 hours. Regarding to the results of this study the enrichment of Brotshen bread by 5-7% of FPC of Silver carp is recommended.

The mean annual precipitation over the southern part of Caspian Sea coastal area is around 1000-1500 mm; therefore, this amount of precipitation is very important and is a considerable point of attention.With reference to statistical data, during 30 years (1972-2001), it showed that there were only 10 cases of similar events. We found that, best synoptic patterns for this condition is the mobile cold anticyclones which is moving almost rapidly from Europe and Scandinavia to the north of Black Sea and then moving to the Caspian Sea.These anticyclones have strong cold advection in eastern part and warm advection in the western part and their pressure center are about 1040 mb or more. But those anticyclones are very slow moving or almost stagnant over the area and could not cause these events. The upper-air chart showed that, spatial axis of upper ridge over them is a normal baroclinic condition. The value of cold advection in eastern part of anticyclones computed from 700 mb was -12°c/12hours, but warm advection in western part of them, were not the same values. Consequently, the month of October is the most effective with compassion of the other months, because, during the summer times (July, August, September). The thermal low over the country frequently extending over the Caspian Sea and SST will increase, so, such patterns with strong cold advection, will cause severe instability over Caspian Sea.

Yeast probiotic of Aqualase includes Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces elipsoeidus. In this study, effect of Aqualase (1, 1.5, 2 g/kg of feed) was studied on 540 samples of wild Common carp fingerling (weight average 10.9-13.8) during 60 days. Determination of weight and length were done every 10 days. The experiment showed that 1.5 g of Aqualase per kg of feed gave the best results on growth of fish (P<0.05). only, condition factor didn,t show significant difference with the in compare of control (p>0.05). Survival of fish in treatment 1.5 g/kg was also better than others, but it was not significantly different (P>0.05). Median of growth length and growth weight of wild Common carp fingerlings showed more increase than midst of experiment. Results of the present study showed that the suitable dose of Aqualase is 1.5 g/kg of feed.

In this study, histological characteristics of testis in Barbus Sharpeyi at different stages were investigated. Fishes were collected from February 2008 to Shadegan Wetland. Testis of 40 fishes were sampled and fixed in Boun solution. Samples were processed through standard histological method and studied under light microscope. Following eight maturity stage was observed: Immature, Immature developing, Developing, Developed, Mature, Prespermation, Spermation, Reabsorbtion. Diameter of testis sexual cells were calculated in immature testis 40 micron, spermatogonium cells 35 micron, primary spermatogenes cells in during evolution  30 Micron, primary spermatogenesis cells in during evolution 30 Micron, Evaluated middle spermatogenoces cells 25 Micron and final rip spermatogenesis 10 Micron.

Anzali Lagoon is one of the most important aquatic ecosystems of Iran located in south-west of the Caspian Sea. This Lagoon is a habitat for valuable fishes and aquatic animals which have an important role in life cycle of this ecosystem.In this study, sampling from European perch (Perca fluviatilis) was conducted in two areas of Abkenar (from western basin of the Anzali Lagoon) and Sheyjan (from eastern basin) in spring 2008. The aim of this investigation was to determination of heavy metals (Hg, Pb, Zn, Cu) in muscle and liver of Perch. 9 specimens of perch (1- +2 years) were sampled and transferred to laboratory for relevant analyses. During this investigation, the results in these areas were compared. The results showed that in muscle and liver of samples in Abkenar Cu determination 1.74 and 10.43 mg per gr wet weight, respectively, Pb determination was 0.68 and 1.82 mg per gr wet weight, Zn determination was 6.84 and 25.27 mg per gr wet weight and Hg determination was 0.013 and 0.024 mg per gr wet weight.Also in muscle and liver of samples in Sheyjan Cu determination was 1.23 and 8.72 µg per gr wet weight, respectively, Pb determination was 0.43 and 1.24 mg per gr wet weight, Zn determination was 5.32 and 21.36 µg per gr wet weight and Hg determination was 0.024 and 0.031 mg per gr wet weight. Results revealed significant difference using t-test between determination of heavy metals ( Hg, Pb, Zn & Cu) in muscle and liver tissue samples of the two areas(P<0.05).

Sampling of wild Common carps from Anzali Lagoon was operated in winter and spring 2009 in order to modify resistance of bacteria of their intestinal organ against antibiotics and heavy metals and sensitivity of all bacteria to 6 antibiotics of ampicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline, cloramphenicl, gentamicin and amikacin was considered. The results show that isolated bacteria had high resistance against three antibiotics of Ampicillin (92.92%), Streptomycin (45.14%) and Tetracycline (45.73%) but that they had approximately low resistance against Cloramphenicl (12.82%). According to the results Common carps had no resistance against two other antibiotics of Gentamicin (0%) and Amikasin (0%). The Isolated bacteria from intestinal organ of Common carps also showed high level of multi-resistance patterns against above-mentioned antibiotics. Sample bacteria were also considered for their resistance against three heavy metals of copper, cadmium and mercury. According to researches the bacteria from intestinal organ resistance against heavy metals with different densities (100 and 200 mg/ml) and the resistance pattern was figured as Cu2+>Cd2+>Hg2+. Studying the solidarity between heavy metal resistance and antibiotic resistance in Isolated the bacteria from intestinal organ of Common carps by Person Test, the linear relation between the percentage of resistant bacteria against heavy metals and percentage of resistant bacteria against antibiotics was achieved. This achievement confirms that increasing of metal pollutions increases the number of resistant bacteria against antibiotics and heavy metals in Anzali Lagoon. This study is executed for the first time in Anzali Lagoon and shows the probability of antibiotic resistant bacteria metastasis to human by having fishes. This can be a serious subject which threatens general health of society.

Scattering and absorption of acoustic waves is one of the important discussions in physical study of seas and oceans. In this paper, the effect of Pierson - Moskowitz spectral on the acoustic scattering in the sea have been investigated.In this study the validity of the perturbation approximations for scattering from "Pierson - Moskowitz" sea surface has been examined through comparison with typical sample. All results are for an acoustic frequency of 200 Hz and for incident grazing angles of 10°-20°.First–order perturbation theory, yields bistatic backscattering levels that are 1-3 dB low for the examples that have been studied, and for incident angle 20o when increased surface height, perturbation theory correspond with results of integral equation.