JOURNAL OF WETLAND ECOBIOLOGY
Year:2010 | Volume:2 | Issue:5|Papers Count:9

The zoning of rivers water quality clarifies the changes of water pollution resources with respect to time, place and the particular circumstances. In this regard, this research was carried out in order to estimate and compare the pollution process of Lemir river of Talesh by using aquatic insects at the beginning (Darze gary village) and end parts (Pole -e-Lemir) of plain route of this river. In this survey the biotic index and water quality were calculated 3.85 with very good (Possible slight organic Pollution) water quality to Darze gary village and 5.47 with fair (Fairly substantial Pollution likely) water quality to Pole-e- Lemir. Also in this survey 22 families from 7 orders of aquatic insects Coleoptera, Odonata, Ephemeroptera, Diptera, Hemiptera, Trichoptera and Plecoptera were collected and identified that the two orders Trichoptera and Plecoptera were specific to Darze gary village with good water quality and the orders of Coleoptera, Odonata were specific to Pole-e-Lemir with fair water quality.

Ability of natural systems has always been emphasized to solve human problems in environment. Constructed wetlands are systems that use aquatic plants and suitable bed to treat different wastewaters. In this research, two plant species, Phragmites australis and Typha latifolia have been used to be cultivated in two ponds, then removal efficiencies of BOD was investigated at concentration of 120 mg/L. Studying the experiments in four retention time (0.75, 1.5, 3.5 and 7 days) and in three replications, has been compared to the control pond (no plant). The results of comparing the effect of the type of system, wastewater retention time and the interaction of these two factors indicated that the effect of system type and retention time on BOD removal efficiency were significant (P£0.01), but the effect of interaction wasn’t significant. Furthermore, the more the hydraulic retention time increased, the more the BOD removal efficiency got higher too. Results showed that BOD removal efficiency was observed in high hydraulic retention time (7 days) for Phragmites, Typha and control pond by 91.5%, 81.5% and 53.6% respectively.

Bazangan Lake is the biggest natural lake in north of Iran and exclusive natural lake in Khorasan Razavi province with the area of 80 hectare. Shahid Yaeghobi reservoir is located in Torbat Heidarieh in Khorasan Razavi Province and its area is about 78 hectare. The purpose of this study is identification and determination of density and species diversity of waterfowl in Bazangan Lake and Shahid Yaeghobi reservoir From October 2007 until March 2008 and comparison of density and species diversity between 2 lakes.In this paper waterfowl counting applied monthly from October until March with Total Count Method. Total waterfowl counted in Bazangan Lake was 3099 birds and in the Shahid Yaeghobi reservoir total waterfowl counted was 636 birds. Waterfowl comparison of density between natural lake and artificial lake showed that density in Bazangan Lake was 38.7 birds in each hectare and in the Shahid Yaeghobi reservoir was 8.1 birds in each hectare.In checking of species diversity index: Schanon-Winner (1.5), Simpson index (0.71) and Richness index-Margalof (1.8) have highest rate in Bazangan lake but eveness-Peet (0.69) and dominance index-Simpson dominance (0.89) have highest rate in Shahid Yaeghobi reservoir. In comparison with Bazangan lake and Shahid Yaeghobi reservoir Morisita index showed that the highest rate is in the October (0.0038) and the lowest rate is in the December (0.0015).

Common cattail (Typha latifolia) is a aquatic macrophyte, which can be found in wetlands, swamps and river margins. The aim of this research was to measure the accumulation of the heavy metals (Zn, Ni, Cd and Pb) inT.latifolia and sediment in Arvand and Bahmanshir rivers in Abadan, Khoramshahr and Minooshahr areas.Measurements of the above mentioned substances in sediment, rhizome and leave in six stations were done in winter. The average values for Zn, Cd, Ni and Pb were, Zinc 11/13, 8/11, 8/5 Cadmium 0/23, 0/13, 0/15 Nickel 0/79, 0/62, 2/07 Pb 5/31, 1/42, 5/71 mg/g- respectively. The average values for Zn, Cd, Ni and Pb in sediment were lower than Canada EPA Standard and US standard of sediment quality. Among the mentioned metals concentration Zn, Cd, Ni and Pb in rhizome were higher than leaf and sediment. In this research Transfer Factor indicator was used for biological accumulation of metals inT.latifolia which showed that this research followed the pattern of Cd>Zn>Pb>Ni.It seems thatT.latifolia rhizomes can be used as cadmium and zinc pollution in soils and sediments of the area.

Sterna nilotica is one of the reproducing waterfowls in Iran. The aim of this research is studying the physical capabilities of Ag-Gol wetland in Hamedan province for growth and reproduction of chicken Sterna Nilotica. This research was carried out from 21 March 2010 at Ag-Gol area between Markazi province and Hamdan province in the distance of 20 Km in northeast of Malayer. The field activity of project began in the two islands in the wetland, as the biggest colonies found (statistical population). In this study, photography camera, binocular camera and GPS were used. The 6 measured parameters included: the depth of nest, the distance up to the nearest no prohibited nest, the distance up the nearest prohibited nest and the distance up to water, with two-day time intervals. SPSS software was used to study and make statistical analyses, and in order to implement and analyze the location of the area, GPS and GIS were used with Arc-view soft ware.The obtained results showed that the average depth of nests was 1.7 cm, the distance up to water was 6 meters, the external diameter of nests was 15.7 cm, the plant coverage density was 31.7%, the distance up to the nearest non-prohibited nest was 2.7 meters, and the distance up the nearestSterna Nilotica was 5.1 meters. Regarding the importance of the two islands in the middle of wetland, conducting more studies and promoting the level of protection of the region is recommended.

In this study, fatty acid composition of following two aquatic insects: Limnephilus sp. and Hydropsyche sp, were studied during two season (Spring and Summer 2010) in the Doab Alashtar river in the lorestan Province.According to the results, Hydropsyche sp. with average of 31.72% (of total fatty acid) MUFA, had higher level of MUFA in comparison with Limnephilus sp. with average of 30.03% (of total fatty acid) (p<0.05). The average level of PUFA in Hydropsyche sp. and Limnephilus sp. were recorded 31.94 % and 24.84%, respectively.According to the result, levels of PUFA in Hydropsyche sp. and Limnephilus sp. were measured 31.94% and 24.84% (of total fatty acid), respectively and levels of SFA in Hydropsche sp. and Limnephilus sp. were recorded 30.59 % and 29.69% (of total fatty acid), respectively. The result showed that PUFA in Hydropsycche sp. and MUFA in Limnephilus sp., were dominant fatty acid. According to the result following fatty acids: 18: 3n-3 (13.19 percent of total fatty acid), 18: 2n-6 (8.2 % of fatty acid) and 20: 4n-6 (4.69 % of fatty acid) were more abundant fatty acids in Hydropsyche sp., respectively and in Limnephilus sp., following fatty acids: 18: 2n-6 (11.5% of total fatty acid), 18: 3n-3 (9.6% of total fatty acid) and 20: 5n-3 (2.9 % of total fatty acid) were more abundant fatty acids in this species respectively. Among MUFA, 18: 1n-9 was the most abundant with following levels of 20.89 % and 19.17% (of total fatty acid) in Limnephilus sp. and Hydropsyche sp., respectively. Among SFA, 16: 0 was the most abundant with following levels of 26.31% and 21.15% (of total fatty acid) in Limnephilus sp. and Hydropsyche sp., respectively. According to the results, the level of following fatty acids: 14: 0, 14: 1n-5, 20: 0, 22: 0, 20: 3n-3, DHA/EPA and n3/n6 had significant differences between spring and summer (p<0.05) but levels of PUFA, MUFA, DHA, n6 and FAME showed no significant differences according to the two studied season (p³0.05). The level of following fatty acids: SFA, PUFA, n3, n6, DHA, ARA, n3/n6 and MUFA had significant differences according to genius (p<0.05) but levels of EPA, DHA/EPA and n3/n6 had no significant differences according to the two studied genius (p³0.05).

Wetlands are titled as one of the most obviously pretty creatures and however they are considered as the most useful resources they are also the most luckless natural ecosystems which are important for many governments and have been mentioned as the richest part of the economy world. In this research first ecological capability is reviewed and afterwards tourism development capability and its limitations are presented by SWOT model then contrivance and strategies for tourism development will be interviewed. Method of this study is combining (description, contract, and field studies). This research is followed to answer these questions 1- in order to achieve development of Gahar Lake tourism what are the potentials and constraints? 2 - How to develop regional tourism. Analyses of results showed that tourism capability of the lake has caused a high level of vulnerability and it requires exact observation, proper strategies and using its capabilities.

Bamdej Wetland is located in40 km of north of Ahwaz, in tarmac road Ahwaz to Andimeshk and in the vicinity of the villages Ghale sahar with area of 4000 hectares. This wetland is considered for its natural great value of ecological, scientific and economical capabilities which in case of preservation it will present a collection of its precious values. Ecological evaluation study of the area was done by using the modified Canadian Environmental Protection Organization Model. In order to analyze the most important ecological factors of Bamdej wetland compilation methods such as TOPSIS, SAW and AHP were also used. Because the results of implementing the above methods were consistent with each other in some cases, to reach a general consensus ranking of factors such as integration techniques like, Borda and Kaplnd were used and with using the results of integration method, factors were ranked according to their importance. The arranged results showed that highest value is the survival priority, the production value of wetlands was located in the next place and finally the lowest value was sociocultural.