JOURNAL OF LARGE ANIMAL CLINICAL SCIENCE RESEARCH (JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE)
Year:2014 | Volume:7 | Issue:1 (20)|Papers Count:8

This study was done to investigate the relation between fat and protein milk with rumen pH changes and subacute ruminal acidosis in some dairy herds. For this purpose 7 dairy herds in Alborz and Tehran provinces of Iran were selected. In each herd 12 cows between 60-150 days of lactation were randomly selected. Milk samples were collected. Rumen fluid were collected by rumenocentesis and ruminal fluid pH was measured with portable pH meter. Data were statistically analysed for correlation. The results showed that there were no significant correlation between milk fat and ruminal pH. The correlation between milk protein and ruminal pH were statistically significant. The level of significance was showed with p<0.05. The results show that the reduction in rumen pH and milk fat arise in situations where a high-concentrate ration with low fiber (non-balanced ration) and it should be stated that SARA may develop in the same situations where low milk fat is likely to develop. It should be consider because of the short duration and severity of the diseases and short duration of rumen pH below cut off point in some instance (chronic SARA) which does not in accordance with clinical signs. In formulation of the ration all of the factors should be consider which include type of feed, method of feed process, feed additives, fibre and starch digestibility. These result in minimum changes in milk and protein and rumen pH should be in optimum producing of milk in the herd.

The aim of this study was determined levels of copper concentration in the blood serum of sheep and the amount of copper, molybdenum, iron and sulfur in plants and the amount of copper, molybdenum and iron in soils of pastures of Yasuj city. The blood samples of 50 sheep were collected from 5 different herd of the Yasuj from 2011 to 2012 in each season (200 samples totally). The results showed that the mean serum copper in spring, summer, autumn and winter, respectively, 1.21, 1.91, 1.72 and 1.27 micrograms per/ml liter. Average copper, molybdenum and iron in the soil sampled, respectively, 24.2, 0.735 and 21065 mg/kg in spring, 25.5, 0.85 and 23891 mg/kg in summer, 17.4, 1.973 and 17555 mg/kg in fall and 28.8, 1.225 and 24350 mg/kg in winter. Average amount of copper, molybdenum and iron in plants were 5.5, 0.265 and 777 mg/kg in spring, 5, 0.085, 1327 mg/kg in summer, 5.6, 0.155 and 1365 mg/kg in fall and 6.5, 0.765 and 1141 mg/kg in winter respectively. The sulfur concentration of pastures was 480 mg/kg. The results of this study showed that there was not copper deficiency in the region.

There have not been any studies that document radiographic abnormalities in Kurd horse. The aim of this study was determine the occurrence and prevalance of carpal fracture and determine the indicators of the degree and frequency of those. For this purpose medical records, radiographs of 100 Kurd horses were reviewed. Information gathered included signalmen, location, number, and size of the primary lesion, number and size of palmar carpal fragments, and also effects of age, sex, distribution in left and right carp on their incidence rate. The site with the highest number of fracture was the palmar lateral aspect of the MCJ (64.5%), followed by the palmar medial aspect of the MCJ (19.4%). Fractures most commonly involved the distodorsal aspect of the RCB (58.1%), followed by the dorsal aspect of C3 (25.8%), slab fractures of C3 (19.4%). This study showed carpal fracture can be used as an indicator of clinically important joint pathology and as a prognostic indicator in Kurd horses and radiography is a valuable method for diagnosing of disordered carp (in relation with factors such as sex, age and site) and also their frequency.

Subclinical ketosis (SCK) is considered as a metabolic disorder in energy metabolism in high-yielding cows, without any significant clinical manifestation. It causes lipid accumulation and ketone bodies such as beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) in serum and liver tissue. It's economic losses is obviously important due to decrease in animal production, milk protein, fertility and large number of animal involved and high treatment costs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of the SCK in some dairies of Kermanshah province. There is no any data about the prevalence and economic impact of the SCK in this province. This study was performed on 100 cows in period of 3-4 weeks postpartum in 7 dairies with different sizes. Blood samples were collected and transferred to laboratory for serum isolation and examination. BHB was measured by enzymatic assay by using BHB kit in auto analyzer and the values higher than 1400 mmol/lit supposed positive. Out of 100 samples, 13 cases had BHB levels higher than 1400 mmol/lit (13%). It revealed that the prevalence of SCK in studied dairies was remarkable. It can be influenced by different factors such as nutrition, days in milk, amount of milk production and parity.

This study was conducted on horses with piroplasmosis for evaluation of serum concentration of Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Selenium and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx). 15 horses with piroplasmosis based on laboratory and clinical signs were confirmed. History of the cattle after obtaining blood samples taken from the jugular vein and serum was isolated. From 11 healthy horses age and nutritional and management alike were sampled as controls. Each blood sample was isolated from the serum levels of Se, Vitamin E, Vitamin C, hemoglobin and serum’s activity of GPx was measured. Mean serum levels of selenium, vitamin E, vitamin C and serum glutathione peroxidase activity in horses with piroplasmosis were reduced and except vitamin C this reductions were significant. Patient's hemoglobin level was significantly decreased. There was a positive correlation between serum selenium and serum glutathione peroxidase activity in the horses with piroplasmosis, but this correlation with hemoglobin was negative. The correlation was significant only between selenium and vitamin E in patient and control groups (r=0.615 and r=0.685 respectively). In conclusion, in horses with piroplasmosis selenium, glutathione peroxidase and vitamin E reduced and supply of these antioxidants in the treatment and control of the disease is important.

Ultrasonography is a safe, available and particular method in diagnostic imaging science. In ultrasonography most of body soft tissue imaged in B mode display. Iranian Qashqaeian sheep is an old and domestic breed in Zagros mountain area in central plateau of Iran. Gestation age detection in sheep was performed by ultarasonography in Kivircik breed in 2010 in turkey. In this study 5 adult clinically healthy Iranian ewes and 1 Iranian ram were selected. After synchronization and natural fertilization, pregnancy detected in all of ewes. Inguinal area in both sides shaved and cleaned by alcohol 70 degree and covered by enough copulating gel. Trans abdominal Ultarasonography was performed by a convex multi frequency transducer with 2.5-5 MHz frequency. We measured biparietal diameter that thickened part of fetal skull include (BPD), trunk diameter (TD), fetal heart diameter (FHD), intercostals space of fetus (ICS) and fetal heart rate per minute (FHR) weekly after day 60 after pregnancy. Data were collected and analyzed by on way Annova method in Spss15 software. Mean of BPD, TD, FHD and ICS in day 60 were 14.58, 25.92, 3.53, 2.3mm. FHR can measure on day 109 to 150. TD after day 109 cannot displayed in 1 frame in scanning. Ultrasonography in sheep pregnancy is a particular method. Using this study can help in theriogenologic disease that affected fetal growth. Differentiating between various sheep breed is a functional result of this study.

Acute phase proteins (APP) are a class of serum protein concentration in response to inflammation, trauma, and neoplasia increases significantly. Haptoglobin (HP) is one major positive acute phase proteins, that have low concentration in the serum of healthy animals, but with its concentration increase over 100- fold on stimulation. Concentration remained high for about 24-48 hours and during the recovery phase begins to decrease rapidly. In order to determine the reference range for serum haptoglobin concentration camels Iranian dromedary camels jugular vein sixty Iranian Central aged one to five years in both sexes were taken in the spring and summer of 1389. Blood samles were collected from jugular vein and haptoglobin value was measured by using colorimetric method with Ireland commercial kits. Age and sex had no significant effect on the haptoglobin value of clinically healthy Iranian dromedary camels (p>0.05). There was no significant correlation between age and serum haptoglobin concentrating in Iranian doromrdary camels (p>0.05). Reference value of serum haptoglobin in clinically healthy Iranian dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius) was 0.54-1.04 mg⁄ml (mean±SD=0.79±0.128).

Neospora caninum is an animal protozoan that causes reproductive failure in sheep. The aim of current study is to determine seroprevalence of N. caninum in sheep of Miyaneh, Northwest Iran by two methods of competitive Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) and indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) in 2012. 317 sera samples were obtained from 9 villages and were tested. Seroprevalence of N. caninum was 4.1% (13 sera) by ELISA and the most of positive sera were in the inhibition range of 30-40%. 8 (2.52%) sera were positive by IFA and the most observed positive titer in this test was 1:64. Regarding IFA as golden test, the sensitivity and specificity of ELISA were 61.5% and 100%, respectively and the positive and negative predictive values were 100% and 98.3%, respectively. The agreement between two tests were 98.4% and the Kappa coefficient was 0.755 (p<0.001). The results showed low seroprevalence and environmental exposure in sheep of this region to the parasite.