GEOGRAPHICAL JOURNAL OF CHASHMANDAZ-E-ZAGROS
Year:2013 | Volume:5 | Issue:17|Papers Count:8

According to the Fourth Development Plan, one of the fundamental pillars of national security, passive defense is discussed. Considering the fact that this type of defense is to know that the country is taking shape with the use of passive defense measures auxiliary chain can be considered. With regard to the field of potential threats and risks to national security, sovereignty, territorial totality the targeted country needs an all-out defense of reason is quite obvious. Using the principles of passive defense measures can be effective aids defensive chain can be a significant. defense category passive human subject for generations in their efforts to safeguard and protection against natural enemies humanoid. Historically consider measures to avoid such incidents are fashionable, according to the requirements of the new era and a new world creation government, this city compass are transferred to the national range. We aim to provide strategic and structural Barvykrd research using the passive security safety strategies tailored to geography with structure-Economic social cultural and so on Ahvaz City compietion was is a descriptive-analytic study. The case study is the city Ahwaz in Khuzestan province. Then analyze the current situation and the master plan of studies using operational strategies for safety city Ahwaz and security offered. Ahvaz has no comprehensive plan tailored to principles of defense and passive defense to secure the citizens and city At the time of the injury and possible attacks by the enemy is. At the time of the injury and possible attacks by the enemy is. Despite the political city any both the military-intelligence is one of the most sensitive cities in the country. Any appropriate action to implement the principles of passive defense in the City have done.

 Drought is a phenomenon that is usually quiet and creepy, which increases due recent decades between various of drought was sensible than the other events. Therefore, understanding of the conditions through the prediction of drought and its intensities leads to decrease some unwanted costs considerably. Between the years 1951 and 2010 so are not the same statistics are statistics this research studies the meteorological drought spells by multi-dimensional comparison of 5 drought , by use of monthly rainfall data 36 Synoptic and cliamatology Stations which are related to Iran Meteorological Organization, Drought events was quantified by Standardized Precipitation Index(SPI), Percentage of Normal Index ( PNI), Deciles Index (DI), Chinese Z Index Results shows that PNI and DI in all stations have similar trends and the Curves of SPI, ZSI and CZI. By correlation, all indices of PNPI-ZSI, PNPI-RAI, ZSI-RAI, and SPI-CZI in all stations indicated high statistical correlations. So for 45 years, with 54 maps were drawn SPI index Driest years are: 1995, 2010.

Today, several indicators have been suggested by scientists for ecological climatology study that are used specifically in tourism meteorological study. Among them, composite indicators of temperature-physiology can be named that are based on energy balance of human body and have more credibility. In this study, two PET and PMV indicators have been used to analyze comfortable climate of Savar Village. Research method is analytical and then descriptive which has been done by the output of data analysis software model. Climatic information which have been provided from the nearest synoptic station of the region evaluate daily and monthly comfortable climatic condition of the studied village. Similarity of the results obtained from two above mentioned indicators by using two Ray Man software indicates that the period of comfortable climate in this village is short and limited to 44 days which mostly occurs in June and October; so that in spite of lacking in heat stress and extreme heat stress, 179 days of a year are in extreme cold stress to moderate cold stress conditions and four months of a year in addition to the above months are also specified appropriate for tourism.

Culture is the basis of human behavior And a considerable part of economic behavior is based on this foundation. The concept of "social development", the word "social" is more important and the most complete assortment of definitions taken from the concept of social development based on social capital and social cohesion of definitions This paper aims at measuring and evaluating indicators of cultural development-social development of communities and demonstrate the benefit of space and facilities . Comparison of Methods for Using Social and cultural indicators. Statistics and indicators used in the research of the Organization of Tehran Municipality Statistical Yearbook in 1390, and has been getting . Type of applied research and comparative analysis of the model is used to model Electre The results show that among the 20 districts of Tehran, the benefit of the environment and cultural facilities, there is a tremendous difference. In the neighborhood ghasab Jvard than other areas of social and cultural development are more important than others.

Population growth, occupation and establishment of economic activities, social service and facilities in different areas of city and suburb cause an increase in demands for relocation to these areas and as a result create some problems in public transportation. Since physical infrastructure develop in recent decades, application of physical infrastructure in metropolis traffic management becomes so important. The Kerman metropolis is encountering with traffic issue, so the main objective of this research is to consider the quality of Kerman’s traffic with emphasis on the role of physical infrastructure in decreasing traffic volume and provision of citizen safety. The research hypothesis is stated in this way: it seems that physical infrastructure in Kerman city is not consistent with traffic needs, these research is a descriptive analytical and uses Quantitative and qualitative method’s such as interview with experts, observation and field detection are also used in this research. According to the Morgan table, the sample size of 384 is selected. The search analysis unit is Kerman citizens. The 1 and 5 zone of Kerman is the analysis level of the research. The results indicate that there are many weaknesses in relation to the physical infrastructure of Kerman city. The result of t-test that Sig value equals to 0.078, this value is higher than 0.5, so the citizens believes that physical infrastructure of Kerman can't be helpful in reducing the traffic density. The results of the research indicate that the assumption is o.95 acceptable.

In order to manage their cities, the urban authorities have found no way but planning to develop democracy and for this purpose, they have achieved to a new wayof rulecalled governorship that has a urban origin. This study aims to analysis the realization of good governance in the urban management of Khoramabad city using the indicators of good governance. The methodology is analytical-descriptive and the data was collected by a questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS and Excel packages as well as t-test statistics. The population is consisted of the whole Khoramabad’s inhabitants. The sample volume was determined using Cochran formula that is equal to 385 people. The results show that the mean value all of the four indicators of participation, transparency, rule of law and accountability are 2.0350, 1.8194, 1.9601, 1.9493 respectively. It reflects this fact that the urban good governance is not in reasonable status in Khoramabad city.

This study aimed to analyze the pathology of geographical researches within the country as well as to investigate the effectiveness of establishing the major of geo-informatics in the higher education of the country on increasing the efficiency of applied and problem-based geographical researches. The present study is an applied research which is carried out utilizing an applied-analytical method as well as a combination of T-test and Delphy model. Interview and questionnaire are the research instruments being used. The questionnaires were validated through being reviewed by some university professors, and they were finally evaluated based on Cronbach α formula. University professors active in the field of Geography constitute the statistical population of this research from which 72 people were selected as the statistical sample. These 72 participants were from five different orientations within the field of Geography; that is, 5 participants of each orientation were selected from among the university professors across the country. Based on the findings of this study, geographical researches within the country are seriously vulnerable. Furthermore, all orientations of Geography except for Political Geography and Natural Geography agreed that establishing the major of Geo-informatics in the higher education of the country, due to its applied and problem-based nature, could be effective on geographical researches. Finally, some practical strategies are also suggested based on the findings of the study.

Statement of Problem: Fear of being the victim of crime between women is one of the subjects in criminology and sociology of deviation and urbanization. In this article, it is tried to study the situation of fear of crime in public area of Borujerd for women.Methodology: In this study, the qualifying and quantifying methods are used in a way that after determining the theory and providing the model and hypothesis and holding some sessions for women in different areas of the city, a questionnaire is provided and is scattered between 800 women in Borujerd.Findings and Results: the Results indicated that 48% of women in the level of very high, 23% in the level of average and 19% in the level of low have fear of crimes in urban areas. Among the women with high education and income, those who are living in far-away lands and buildings and those who are satisfied with police performance have lower fear of crimes.