GEOGRAPHICAL JOURNAL OF CHASHMANDAZ-E-ZAGROS
Year:2010 | Volume:2 | Issue:3|Papers Count:11

Since 1970s, because of unsuccessful developmental programs, top-down mechanism and problems of urbanism, especially in third world countries, many planners have paid much attention toward establishment and development of small cities to fulfill the fair development. According to the urbanism in Iran, small towns a significant role have not had, however, paying attention to the role of these small cities in development of areas is important. This research tries to investigate the role and function of Zirab town as a small urban center in development of its surroundings. Needed information have been obtained from documents, local search and filling the request papers. savadkoh has been considered as statistical society and the small town of Zirab and its neighborhood villages are the sample societies. Data is collected statistical ways such as R.S.DICK, LIKERT way and descriptive statistics and analyzed through. According to the outcome of this research, the level of Zirab development is partially suitable, but much investment was on subcategories of urbanism and servicing and because of this, production was ignored. Finally, small town of Zirab city acts as a service center and cannot play an important role in development of its surrounding areas.

Specific feature of the current era urban life population is growth in cities and consequently the development of small and large cities. With continued urban development in the future, forecasts indicate more increase in much destruction and environmental pollution in urban areas. Following these developments and concerns, the sustainable development theory the emergence of which goes back to the last decades of the twentieth century, has appeared stronger than ever these days. Meanwhile, considering the highlighted role of cities in the emergence of the current instability, theories of urban sustainable development is very important. Due to the widespread effects of housing on urban areas, the goals of sustainable development of urban housing, play a very important role. A large sector of urban areas is allocated to housing, and it consumes much of the energy and resources of the cities. In addition, the housing sector plays an important role in terms of social and economic matters. Accordingly, in housing stability to achieve sustainable development is considered an important step. This research studies planning stable housing in residential neighborhoods in Haji Abad town. It is based on-descriptive and analytical-method of research and field study of resources and review of documents. Data from the field study (distribution of questionnaires and observation) and documents (statistics agency concerned) were analyzed by the SPSS software and the results are shown as tables and charts. Research results show that housing Haji Abad town is not sustainable. Suggestions for improvements in housing in Haji Abad and moving toward the desired index recommendations are presented.

During the recent fifty years, we have been witnessing the spatial merging of many rural regions in spatial body of cities especially cities of the third world because of urban population growth and expansion of urban regions, this has caused major social changes in these regions. In big cities like Tehran, there are some rural regions in some points of the city which have already preserved their physical nature and traditional rural texture for some reasons. Presently, many of Tehran rural regions are considered a part of its huge physical body. Among these villages we can mention Kan village which is located in Tehran urban limit, District 2 of Region 5 Municipality. And despite of complete spatial merging with Tehran it has still preserved its rural texture and social characteristics. The results of the persent study show that Kan village, despite its complete merge in Tehran Metropolis has been able to preserve its rural texture and morphology & social characteristics. During the expansion and physical development of Tehran and Region 5, the basic core of Kan village, which is regarded as the main core of Region 5 formation, has not expanded physically, also many of Kan's gardens and agricultural lands have preserved their traditional function. Considering the rural-urban role and function, Kan village has preserved its social and cultural indices because of the religious root of its native inhabitants and the shrines located therein, but the most important problem of this region may be attributed to the settlement of Afghan immigrants on northern gardens of Kan.

Natural disasters as a typical phenomenon always happen on the earth. Natural disasters such as floods, earthquakes, storms and devastating tornados in most cases impasse heavy losses on human settlements and its inhabitants. When a region is effected by natural disasters, particularly earthquakes, destroyed one of the works done immediately after the event is reconstruction and restoring the area to the former condition. Therefore planning for reconstruction is a suitable opportunity for thinking about regional development and removing defects from the settlements and therefore inadequate past programs. In the area of accident, reconstruction is seen to be a relatively long term planning to adjust to the that provides the national and regional development programs that can be developed. Perhaps the most important part in the reconstruction process is the re-housing of residents in a way the psychological comfort against the risks of the future. In this direction this article tries to study the process of reconstruction in rural areas with emphasis on Silakhor plain and physical dimensions of Lorestan province are to be considered. Descriptive research methods-with emphasis on analytical and field studies and completion of questionnaires. The findings indicate that residents of rural areas in the whole Silakhor plain were not satisfied with planning and reconstruction loans but are generally satisfied with re-building of their settlements.

Residential textures are extensively changing alongside with the development in science and technology. Although to create a sound and secure environment, these changes are unavoidable, there exist some limitations, and one needs a sound planning and certain rules and regulations to achieve the best result. Villages and their inhabitants as a residential form have appeared in special natural areas. These settlements as a local_spatial complex have internal and external relations and under the influence of mutual interaction between internal and external forces have changed. These changes are different based on time and place, and the present study has tried to compare the dominate patterns of the settlements in the villages in the West and south of Iran. The applied method in this paper is descriptive_analytical.

City as sn integrated system of natural and human, is the most effective space to provide life service and facilities for human societies. With regard to the complexity and variety of the problems pertaining to cities, to manage them, an evolutionary, high quality, unified, comprehensive, and based an participation management is needed. Slum dwelling is a complicated urban and social problem that seems to be challenging most of the cities in Iran. Khorramambad, a Midwest city in Iran, in the recent years has undergone extreme changes in the structure of its social, cultural, and economic body. Slum dwelling is an outcome of such changes. The present study has tired to evaluate the role of the urban management in forming such neighborhoods_ specifically Darreh Garm neighborhood-and the influences of them on the activities of municipality as challenges ahead of the urban management. The results Show that the concentration of investment in newly born neighborhood to the north and the south of the city like Goldasht neighborhood, in comparison with old neighborhoods such as Posht_ a_ Bazaar, Baba Taher Doorway, and Zeid Ibn Ali as the primary cores of the city, along with the lack of balance in the supply and demand process, inflationary raise in the price of land and urban facilities, unclear role of urban management due to the interference of the City council in the activities of municipality, the interference of non experts in planning and performing urban projects, the role and function of various official authorities, disability in the sound management of organizational resources( including human resources management, financial resources management, etc) has intensified the expansion of this phenomenon in Khorramabad.

Informal housing in the last few decades has really harmed the social, economic, and cultural texture of many cities. Nowadays, lots of cities in the developing countries are facing the same problems of rapid growth of population, providing jobs, social, economic, and environment problems, development of slums, and are affected by area, regional, and national matters caused by the present study tries ti know and analyze the problems such settlements in Behshahr. Data gathering is done through questionnaires, interviews, and written sources, and the analytical study of them shows that lots of social problems such as addiction, street crime, epidemic diseases, etc are all the results of informal housing.

In general, housing policies are key indicators of the governments attitudes, ideals, and political beliefs. Any decision with regard to the low-income groups housing reflects the governments, real desire in improving the life quality of these groups. Providing house population in developing countries is now one of the most important problems resulting rapid population growth. Low-income groups have always been a part of the urban population and it is the art of soci-economice organization of every society that reduces the proportion and provides them whth their needs like housing. Based on experiences gained improviding house for this group of people, housing planners have suggested ways for providing them with houses. In this article, various housing strategies for low-income groups in urban areas will be analysed and the main focus will be on informal settlements as the main housing of low-income in urban areas.

Excessive defragmentation of lands, lack of roads between farms, poor irrigated farms etc have cansed many problems for the production of agricultural products in Sistan. In order to increase production and mechanization of it, the improving of economic situation of local farmers and ultimately increase in exploiting, land consolidation in Zabol started. In this study it has been tried to economically survey the effects of land consolidation on agricultural products performance in Loutak For this purpose, two nonintegrated villages (Varmal and Kalati Mosafer), and consolidation villages (Loutak and Islamabad), were compared in the study area. The method of research in this study was descriptive-analytic. The needed data was gathered through measurements examination of the land and interview with farmers and experts of agricultural cooperation organization and people involved in project before and after integration. The results show that land consolidation has had a significant influence on reduction of the number of fragments, increasing of acreage, and decrease water consumption, increase in using agricultural machinery and agricultural products, and ultimately increase in the revenue of the local area. Hence, there is a direct relationship between land consolidation, and mechanization and performance of agricultural performance.