JOURNAL OF THE STUDIES OF HUMAN SETTLEMENTS PLANNING (JOURNAL OF GEOGRAPHICAL LANDSCAPE)
Year:2013 | Volume:8 | Issue:23|Papers Count:10

The present article attempts to examine the developmental level of Marivan villages based on standardized and functional models (second type). First, Marivan County has been introduced, and then, human indices of Marivan villages have been presented. Marivan central district, as a case study, has been ranked 2nd and 1st of all districts based on standardized models and functional models (second type), respectively. Besides, it has been ranked 1st based on both models as far as population index is concerned. In order for results to be obtained, 19 cases of population, literacy, employment, housing, educational, cultural, religious, political and administrative indices as well as infrastructure including water, electricity and gas, healthcare, communication and commerce services were analyzed. It proves obvious that such field analytical knowledge will certainly be beneficialto rural planners as far as local development is concerned. This article is based on the researcher's thesis entitled "a survey of the capability of 3 economic factors of agriculture, industry and tourism regarding sustainable development and planning of rural areas in Marivan, A case study: central district of Marivan.

Guilan is land of water, soil, tree and man. Land which search in the length of history, we see the presence of this elements in the field. Part of our country, due to its geographical position has certain specific patterns in shaping human societies and has no peer between provinces. hence, we believe that the proposed development patterns and planning have adopted and measures taken in the field of urban development in this province, has arrived a lot of damage on corpus of economic, cultural and social of Guilan. This result lead to search causes of the relative lack of success in urban development and failure of the formation of places of residence, so we found causes of the lack of major ciries throughout the region of Guilan. This paper is trying to explain the con cept of urban and rural areas as well as factos shaping cities in gulan. So we provide clear picture of the causes of birth and development of cities in Guilan to attract experts and planners attention to reconsider the drawing templates for development of Guilan district.

Analysis of ecotourism potential can be the first step in identifying the potentials and limitations for the usage of deliberate and regional planning and tourism development of opportunities to create good atmosphere and one of the best ways for preventing the destruction of natural environments and their conservation. Boujagh wetlands which is located in Guilan and in the estuaries of Sefidrud, due to its impressive variety of birds, beautiful landscapes, desirable climate, proximity to population centers and convenient access is hosted too many tourism annually. The research aims to identify opportunities and ecotourism potentials of Boujagh and using AHP for the development of widespread and centralized tourism and helping to preserve the environment. Method is based on hybrid methods, descriptive and analytical -and the AHP model. The results show that according to the criteria's preferences in the development of centralized ecotourism, 714 hectares area equal to approximately 21% have desired power, 237 hectares, equivalent to approx. mately 7 percent have average power, and 2329 hectares, equivalent to approximately 67 percent have unfavorable power in order to development of centralized ecotourism. According to the index, the whole area study has extensive usability in order to development of widespread ecotourism.

Rural areas in developing countries and less developed, especially in arid geographic areas with natural constraints are facing with numerous challenges in production and income sources, access to job opportunities, sustainable housing, having many of the facilities and recreational and leisure facilities and services. Since the ultimate goal of planning and development is improving the quality of life, study and measurement of the quality of life in all human communities, especially in rural areas is very important and it is essential in the process of sustainable development in rural areas. The main purpose of this article is measurement of the quality of life in economic and social aspects of the villagers in the village Mahban, Nikshahr city is located in the southeastern province of Sistan and Baluchestan. Research methods are based on descriptive - analytical (statistical) data analysis via completing the questionnaires and we used the SPSS software to analyzing the data. Research data were obtained from 273 households which their population is more than 20 families in Mahban. The obtained results show that the quality of life in Mahban in rural economic and social aspects is lower than average. Economic resources (Ownership of agricultural land, Ownership of livestock, Services agriculture and livestock insurance, agricultural, livestock and crafts production) have the most effect (1.076) on equality of life and basic services (Piped drinking water, access roads, housing) have the least effect (0.538) on quality of life. Also the rural population is a very influential factor (1.578) on the quality of life in the study area.

Proper use of environmental potentials of around the city increases economic efficiency and reduces vulnerability of existing resources. In current situation that most of the cities are faced with rapid and increasing physical development, necessity to identification and displacement of suitable lands for conservation of urban rare resources is indispensible. Regarding to Rasht city place in Guilan Province fertile plain and existence of some urban development physical limitations, such as marshy land, farm lands, fertile gardens, forests, and etc., could not be developed widely. Main object of this paper is determination of the proper and optimal direction of urban development with minimal damage to environmental resources in order to provide land for future development of the city. In order to collect, analyze, and produce different layers and maps of obstacles emplacement and the optimal development direction of Rasht, the technical tools of GIS has been used. During this process, at first needed and efficient were identified, collected and analyzed into 11 indicators (lands potential, topography, land stability, communication networks, airports, cemeteries, rivers, natural habitats, industrial town, the lagoon and surrounding rural areas). After this stage, variables and criteria entering operation in Geographical Information System (GIS) was performed and in the next stage new information layers such as distance from the cemetery, the river, industrial town, and etc. was evaluated according to available data. At rest, data were classified and evaluated again. In order to valuate information layers in this research, AHP model and hierarchical method have been used. Finally, after combination of the maps, the final map of proper direction of optimal Rasht future urban development was selected, provided, and determined. Results and conclusions of studies have emplaced the best lands for Rasht future urban development in South direction.

Intense concentration and inequality in rural facilities and services that focus on disability policy oriented and polarized growth during the past decade has caused, according to the possibilities and potential environmental Ravansar city centers, rural development, do not. Therefore their development process encountered difficulties. The need for such circumstances, Ravansar city to rural areas of developing indicators is deep and serious. The overall objective of the paper reviews the development of the city's districts are Ravansar. The research method is descriptive - analytic case. In this study of 24 qualitative and quantitative indicators, after weighting them using Shannon entropy TOPSIS method is linear with Ravansar six city districts, the degree of their development have been identified. The results of this study can be applied through appropriate strategies to executive officials at provincial and local levels of decision-making practices, policies and programs the district offers. The results show a lack of services and its uneven distribution, not only inequality has widened and intensified the migration process. The results also show that, with 7 villages as the villages of rural Mnsvraqay, Castle Village and Badr teapot with 38 villages as part of the village of Hassan Abad district and state settlements with 97 other Zalvabad prosperous and enjoy. In order to empower rural centers affiliated Ravansar city, the first priority in planning the biological needs such as clean water, adequate housing, agriculture Empowerment can raise rural income levels and migration greatly cut.

Efficiency of an agricultural activity depends on the use of factors of production and utilization of existing infrastructure in increasing productivity. One of the methods for increasing productivity in agriculture is second cultivation. Second cultivation, the so- called cultivated crops in the land after harvesting the first crop will be cultivated and exploited. Cultivation in the Guilan province with the so-called products of the land is cultivated paddy fields after rice harvest. This study deals second cultivation importance of rural household's economy in the Shaft city (Guilan Province). In the study of current methods for collecting and processing information (documents and field) using and the role of second cultivation in agriculture, leading the livelihoods of IUra I areas were evaluated and solutions for existing problems is also presented. The results of tills study showed that Shaft Township with 14,330 hectares of paddy and benefit from Infrastructures such as adequate water have appropriate conditions for the development of second cultivation. In addition, factors such as land leveling, human force and satisfaction of the production can appropriate support for increase efficiency this mode of production.

In this article is tried to consider tourism as a tool for the economic development and progress of villages for gain to the rural sustainable development. Meanwhile, rural sustainable development can be the encounter of these two subjects in spaces frame which create the kinds of the rural tourism types. So farm, garden, historical, human and natural tourism can be factors for attracting tourists. Making the touristic identity for villages with regard to the applied aspect target, this article clarifies in the frame of the analytic and descriptive methodology. With the result that, the set of solutions that present in the mountain-side section of Guilan province, considering the rural tourism development discussions are expressed.

Agriculture sector because of its ability in added value and employment on one hand and to provide food security and life of country socio-economic on the other hand, have an important role in an international economic growth. Establishment of effective service system for former in rural society to be developed hasan important role. Aim of this research evaluation benefiting level of rural of Izeh county from agriculture service at the base of 25 agriculture index and to assign of central rural at the base of number of agriculture service. The method of research in this survey is descriptive and analytic. And information of the result of census and residence in 1388(2009) and report of center about distribution of rural agriculture service have been accumulated and regulated. Data analyzing Arc GIs and Spss, too, planning technique of centrality index and Morrisdishar moniousindexhas been used. Result of research with the using of both of method show that in the among of different rural area of Izeh and from the viewpoint of benefiting from agriculture index, have a high difference, where different between the most benefit rural (east rural) toward the poorest rural (east Susan rural) was about five times. At the end, the assignment of difference in benefiting level of rural, proposal for planning and rural development caretaker for omit of any inequality have been prescribed.