Journal of Economic Modelling
Year:2008 | Volume:2 | Issue:1 (5)|Papers Count:13

Adopting the best method of implementing monetary policy has always attracted the attention of economists and monetary authorities. The newest monetary policy framework, called inflation targeting framework, was first adopted by NewZealand in 1989, after which an increasing number of countries, especially developing countries, have anchored their monetary policy in numerical or ranging inflation rate. Theoretically speaking, the adoption of this framework, institutionally and technically, requires some conditions (as the prerequisites). The goal of this research is to study the preparedness of Iranian economy to adopt this policymaking framework from institutional point of view. The prerequisites studied in this article include the credibility of the central bank, central bank independence, fiscal dominance, financial development and commitment to a sole target.The paper find that there are serious but soluble deficiencies in Iranian economy regarding institutional conditions (preconditions) which implies that presently Iran is not ready to adopt the inflation targeting framework. But the important and emphasized point in this research is that adopting this framework can, per se, provide a basis for putting serious effort in institutional and technical reforms to implement any kind of monetary policy regime such as inflation targeting.

Drought as a period of rainfall deficiency extending over months or years, of such a nature that crops and pasturage for stock are seriously affected if not completely burnt up and destroyed water supplies are seriously depleted or dried up, and sheep and cattle perish.In this study we used the Water-Balance methods and Thornthwaite' s aridity index and its standard deviation for Firozkuh during 1994-2008 to show the frequency and the intensity of drought effects in this place. The result is every five years this station injure the disastrous drought and the probability of drought effect is 0.2 every ten years. For 2008 this station is effected disastrous drought, but for 2009 may affect the moderate one.

In this research, unsubsidized baking and subsidized baking are compared. To achieve this, we have used causual comparison and questioner methods. Bread consumers in four provinces (Azarbyjansharghi, Khorasanjonobi, Esfahan, and Sistanvabalochestan) are asked some questions. These questioners were aimed at getting their idea about quality and quantity of bread. The main hypothsis of this research was: “ the quality of unsubsidized bakery is better than subsidized bread” . Results show that consumers are more satisfied with unsubsidized bread than subsidized bread. 85% of consumers in four provinces prefer unsubsidized bread while 25% prefer subsidized bread due to their financial problems, however they are not satisfied by the bread which made by subsidized flour. Also, results point to the fact that bread waste is more in subsidized bakery.

This paper by using the “Almost Ideal Demand System” studies the consumers’ behavior in urban areas of Zanjan province.Observations proves that the elasticity rate was lower than unity for foods, drinks, tobacco, clothes, shoes, and other goods and services. In other word, these goods are unelastic.Also price elastisities are non-zero. It is observed that in most cases, their absolute value is lower than unity. That means consumers tend not to change their demands for other product groups due to the price change in one group of goods. The results also indicate that the income elasticity sign of all product groups is positive.

study of consumers behavior and analyzing the way of devotion of restricted income to goods and services is one of those discussion that makes optimal the economic planning.This article aim to investigation of consumer behavior of rural and urban areas of Kurdistan province and compare to Iran by using demand function of linear expenditure system in period of 1369-86. SUR method has been utilized for estimating of equations and parameters in this paper.The results of this study show that the most marginal propensity in urban and rural area of Kurdistan province and rural of Iran devoted to “Foods, Beverages and Tobacco” group, but in urban area of Iran devoted to “Other” group. The summation of minimum cost of living for urban and rural areas of Kurdistan province was less than urban and rural areas of Iran respectively.

This paper examines the effects of trade in financial service liberalization on financial development in countries requested membership to WTO. By using a dynanmic panel data model and GMM method for the period of 1985 to 2006, the results indicate that financial services liberalization has a negative effect on financial development in applicant countries; therefore, acceding countries are recommended to accept least commitments for liberalizing trade in financial services during the negotiation of membership to the WTO.

There are quite a number of studies linking environmental pollution and inward foreign direct investment (FDI) across soime of developed countries.This article aims at analyzing the effect of (FDI) on environmental quality by using cointegration approach in six developing countries including Iran, Indonesia, Singapore, Philippines, Thailand and Malaysia, ffor a period between 1975 to 2005. Also the impact of economic growth and industry value added on pollution is examined.The empirical evidences suggest that FDI adds to pollution in Malaysia, Iran, Thailand, Philippines, Indonesia, but not in Singapore where FDI is inversely related to pollution.

Access to stable development in today' s world needs the advantages in different kinds of export and its growth. One of the effective factors in expansion of export is relative advantages. Hence knowing the relative advantages in cement industries which are one of the most important industries of the country, posses special importance. In this study, relative advantages of cement production have been analyzed from the 2002 up to 2006. Present study has been conducted with the use of three indexes of internal resources expenses, social absolute interests and relation of expenses to social interests. Furthermore, the sensitivity of internal resources expenses index in relative to world prices has been discussed. The results from the research show thatBehbahan cement factory according to all three indexes has relative advantages. And analysis of sensitivity show that internal resources expenses in relative to decrease in world prices of cement is elastic and in relative to increase in world prices of cement is inelastic.

Some interactive econometric softwares may meet the needs of economic researcher. However, they have their own shortcomings in generalizing econometric estimates and prediction models. This has made programming environment and its applications in economic researches more important. The R software, with its various applications, has established itself a very useful program among researchers. This paper demonstrates some of R' s applications and advantages for students and researchers who face problems and limitations with interactive computational softwares. Being free of any expenses is one positive aspect among other features. Also through examples, some of its merits in econometrics and time series analysis are presented.