JOURNAL OF ANIMAL BIOLOGY
Year:2015 | Volume:7 | Issue:2|Papers Count:10

Dietary effects of the synbiotic “Biomin Imbo” on survival and growth performance of the Oranda Goldfish (Carassius auratus), was studied. Increasing of the fish biomass in shorter time and less prime cost was the main aim of the recent research. For 2 months, 150 young Oranda Goldfish were fed with the symbiotic “Biomin Imbo” (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 g/kg in dry food), Standard length and body weight were being meseared twice a mounth (erery 2weeks) and growth indices including Body Weight Growth (BWG), Daily Growth Rate (DGR), Condition Factor (CF) and Special Growth Rate (SGR) were calculated at the end of the 2nd mounth. Results showed that the synbiotic “Biomin Imbo” increased the growth performance of the treatements and the best dosage of the symbiotic (BWG 53.76%, DGR 0.12%, CF 20.97 and SGR 0.76) in the Oranda Goldfish dry food was 2g/kg.

Cortisol is a corticosteroid hormone that plays important roles in various aspects of fish physiology including ion regulate, growth, stress and immune functions.the highest abundance of corticosteroid receptors in the gill, intestine and kidney that their abundance change influenced by salinity frequently. In this study, the effect of dietary cortisol on gill tissue of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fingerling affected by salinity stress was investigated. Common carp (1.36±0.12 g) was distributed in 4 treatments in 3 replicates and fed with commercial food containing 0 (control), 50, 100 and 200mg kg-1 hydrocortisone for 8 weeks. Then resistance to salinity within 7 days in 12 ppt salinity and gill tissue was investigated. In investigation of gill tissue, the amount of damage were controlled (hyperplasia, hypertrophy, hyperemia and edema) at cortisol treatement. Fishes fed cortisol shown a minimal damage among treatements (P<0.05) and increased number of choloride cells with salinity stress. This observation state that this treatement of fish have better osmoregulation during salt stress.

The discovery of new materials such as anti-microbial and anti-viral and anti-cancer known among plants or those who have recently been discovered can help to treat diseases. In this study, the cytotoxic effect of plant extracts Ammi visnaga extract on Hela and MCF7 cell lines were analyzed. Different concentrations of ethanolic extract of the Ammi visnaga on cultured blood cells and cancer cell line for 72 hours were examined. The cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT test. Results are reported as IC50. This study showed that different concentrations of Ammi visnaga extract have cytotoxic effect on Hela and MCF7 cell lines. The percentage of growth inhibition of Hela and MCF7 cells increasing whit whit increasing concentration of test compounds. IC50 value for Hela was 0.57 mg /ml, and for MCF7 was 2mg/ml. The results suggest that ethanolic extract of Ammi visnaga has inhibitory effect on cell growth of MCF7 and Hela cell lines.

For this study which is done in 2008-2009,140 Caspian salmon (Salmo trutta fario) fish were grows condition, in Lar Reservoir Lake. During the study, some biometric specification such as length, weight, age, gonad weight and condition factor of Fulton and Clark in both sexes were examined. The male fish in the water source (85 samples), with total body length 15 to 32.6 cm, Fork length 14.3 to 31.9 cm and body weight 40 to 451.3 gr. Body weight without offal 29 to 393.3 gr, and Fulton index 0.84 to 1.60 to Clark 0.68 to 1.35, absolute weight of gonad 15 to 28.03 gr. Weight of gonad respectively was 0.17 to 12.56 per cent of body weight. And ages 2 to 6 years were variable. Lar female fish of water source (55 sample), with total body length 14.2 to 46.2 cm, Fork length 13.7 to 44.8 cm, body weight 28.6 to 893.94 gr, body weight without offal 25.0 to 762 gr, Fulton index 0.89 to 1.56, Clark index 0.74 to 1.19, the absolute weight of gonad 0.08 to 59.86 gr, the respective weight of gonad 0.12 to 20.03 body weight, absolute fecundity 119 to 1088 eggs, Age 2 to 7 years were variable. Gonad fish maturity whether in male or female in this study were between 2 to 5. By the Kruskal-Wallis test, Fulton index values between the two sexes, male (1.26±0.01) and female (1.21±0.02) and also in Clark index between two sexes male (1.06±0.02) and female (0.99±0.01) statistical differences were observed (p<0.05). In terms of physiology and histological study, Gonad fish in the months of September and October showed that the stages of maturation was in steps 4 and 5, which indicates that the migration reproduction is in the upper parts of the river. T-test Statistical differences in indices such as body weight, Fork length of male and female fish at different ages didn’t show (P>0.05). But the variance analysis differences between the male and female from the perspective of indices absolute and respective weight of gonad were showed (p<0.05).

The aim of present study is investigates the effects of bilateral injection of dorsal hippocampal (CA1) serotonergic system (Antagonist of 5-HT4) in fear memory formation process induced by ACPA (Arachidonylcyclopropylamide). Male NMRI mice were used in our experiments. Fear conditioning task was used for conditioning of fear. 24 hours after train we estimated the fear memory formation. The data show that intra peritoneal administration of ACPA (0.005, 0.05 and 0.5 mg/kg) causes impairment of fear memory and amnesia. Moreover, intra-CA1 injection of 5-HT4 receptor antagonist, (RS23597-190) (0.01, 0.1 and 0.2 mg/mice) had no effect on fear memory in saline-treated mice but restored the impairment of fear memory in ACPA-treated mice. The data strongly showed that serotonergic system (Antagonist) in the CA1 of hippocampus induced by ACPA interferes in impairment of fear memory.

In this study, to ensure stages of embryonic development Pharaoh’s Cuttlefish (Sepia pharaonis) was performed at Oman Sea waters. The Pharaoh’s Cuttlefish egg clusters was collected from rocky and sandy beaches of the Oman sea and was restrained in the off shore fisheries research center- Chabahar and Stages of embryonic development Were examined. Each cluster contains 100-150 eggs. In this study hatch period was recorded between 28±3 days. The animal pole formed 36 hours after spawning. The first outstanding and visible members of Embryo were eyes and the mantel. In the final stages, body surface chromatophore developed.

Balm (Melissa officinalis) has many medical properties including relaxing, anti-oxidant, and anti-bacterial. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of hydro alcoholic extract of balm on activity of liver enzymes including AST, ALT, and ALP and also liver tissues variation in Balb/C mice. In this experimental study, samples were randomly divided into five groups (three treatment groups, placebo and control group) with eight members in each group. Groups were kept under similar conditions. Hydro alcholic extract was prepared in three doses (50,100, and 200 mg/kg) and were IP for twenty days. Normal saline was used for placebo group. After the last injection blood samples were taken and liver tissues were separated. Changes of AST, ALT, and ALP enzymes was evaluated using one way variance analysis and SPSS program (P<0.05). Tissue changes of liver were studied using coloring with H&E technique. According to results, ALT, and ALP enzyme was increased (P<0.05) in 200 mg/kg dose. Hepatocytes number and histology of liver didn’t show significant variations. On the whole, hydro alcoholic extract of balm could have conservative effects via reducing ALT and ALP enzymes and no harmful effects on liver tissue. So, it can play an important role in preventing and curing diseases in traditional and also current medicine.

Several studies based on thousands of years of medicinal plant (Malva Sylvestris) is done. Species (Malvasilvestris L.), also known as panirak (Malvaceae), a special area is wet. In traditional medicine to treat cough, sore throat, stomach and used. The major components of them are fatty acids, antioxidants, flavonoids, vitamins, and terpenes and minerals. Because the contents of various antioxidants in the sperm cytoplasm and the amount of antioxidants more in sperm there, spermatozoa against oxidative stress (OS) due to the high concentration of active derivatives of oxygen (ROS) and lipid peroxidation foundation (LPO) to protect it. This natural antioxidant capacity in infertile patients is very low. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of leaf extracts of Mallow in the sperm and spermatogenesis. In this study, 12 adult male rats race of c- 57 were selected. The mice weighing were approximately 30-35 g and divided to two groups of six. The mice were divided into two groups: the experimental group treated with hydro-alcoholic extracts of Mallow leaves, the concentration of 2000mg / kg and the control group receiving ionized water. Gavage for 14 days with oral gavage needle was given. On the fifteenth day the rats were dissected and testes were collected and then processed pathology was examined. The results showed that the morphology of the cells changed and the number of primary spermatocytes and sperm cells (P<0.01) were significantly increased.

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder that gripped mankind since time immemorial has been the world's top. Oxidative stress is the result of diabetes and its complications in a large amount of communication. Antioxidants, especially of plant origin are very important in the prevention of diabetes complications.The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect on the Hydrochloride Palmatyn biochemical parameters in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats is. In this study, 32 male Wistar rats weighing approximately 240 g, were randomly selected and divided into four groups: contro l, non-diabetic Palmatine treated, diabetic and hydrochloride Palmatine diabetic. Intraperitoneal injection of 55 mg/kg streptozotocin diabetes was induced. One week after injection, treated with hydrochloride Palmatine 10mg/kg/Day dose for six weeks and injections were performed. Testicular damage by hematoxylin - eosin specified Vfaktvrhay Vhvrmvny biochemical blood was measured. Data Software prism-5.0-test were analyzed by one way ANOVA and Tukey. The results show that diabetes induced oxidative stress and production of free radicals increase glucose and reducing the secretion in blood insulin, cholesterol and triglyceride abnormalities are disorder. Palmatyn in samples treated with these complications improved, the levels of glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides decreased P£0.001)) Outer hyperinsulinemia (P£0.001) is. Considering the obtained results, it was found that Palmatine hydrochloride low creators effect on blood glucose and lipid in diabetic rats, the effect can be to reduce the effects of cardio - vascular disease caused by diabetes mellitus be considered.

Pesticide diazinon (60 percent of the commercial emulsion) including pesticides are widely used in agricultural areas. In many cases the use of these toxins can cause severe side effects in organisms such as fish, diazinon is also an organic phosphorus pesticides, In recent years, concerns about the health effects of this compound on fish increased. In this study, the influence of 0.07, 0.08, 0.1, 0.13 and 0.16 mg of DZ on blood factors rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), has been investigated. a significant increase in the number of white blood cells and neutrophils (p<0.05) observed Increased levels of MCH and MCV may be due to a direct effect of toxins on hematopoietic tissues, kidney and spleen, but the exact mechanism is unclear. Activity significantly decreased plasma albumin p<0.05). Diazinon treated fish blood glucose levels were significantly greater in the control group of fish during the test period.